Reproductive system Flashcards
What are the functions of the testes
- secrete male sex hormones
- spermatogensis (sperm formation)
What is the function of the male reproductive tract
storage and transport of sperm
passageway for semen
What are the three accessory glands in the male reproductive system
Seminal, prostate and bulbo-urethral gland
What are the ducts in the male reproductive system
epididymis
ductus deferens
ejaculatory duct
What are the functions of the accessory glands
- activate and provide nutrient to sperm
- propel sperm and fluids along reproductive tract
- produce buffers to counteract aciditiy of urethral and vaginal environment
What is semen n what does it consit
Mixture of secretions and sperm
Consits of spermatozoa, seminal fluid and enzymes
What is the function of the scrotum
encloses testes
What is the function of the penis
introduces semen into female vagina
What are the functions of the female reproductive system
Produces sex hormones and functional gametes
Protexts and support developing embryo
Noursihes newborn infant
What are the function of the ovaries
Secretes female sex hormones and carries out oogensis
What is the function of the Fallopian tubes / uterine tube / oviducts
Transport oocyte from ovary to uterus for ferilization to form ovum
What is the function of the uterus
Provides protection, nutrition and waste removal for developing embryo and foetus
is the internal orfice of uterus
What is the function of the cervix
external orifice of uterus
What is the function of the vagina
Passageway for menstrual fluids elimination
Receives sperm during intercourse
Forms inferior portion of birth canal
What are the phases of the uterine cycle
menses (day 1 to 7)
- degenerating tissue break away, enter uterine cavity and lost through vagina
Proliferative phase
- restore intergrity of uterine epithelium with highly vascularized zone
Secretory phase
- begins after ovulation (day 14) , after which glandular activity declines and uterine cycle ends
What are the effects of ageing on the demale reproductive system
Menarche
- first uterine cycle (11 to 12 y/o)
Perimenopause
- preceding menopause where uterine cycles becomes irregular and no ovulation triggered
Menopause
- Termination of uterine cycle (45 to 55 y/o)
Amenorrhea
- Primary amenorrhea: failure to intiate menses
- Transient secondary amenorrhea: interruption of ≤ 6 months (due to physical or emotional stresses)
Name STDs
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
AIDS
Syphilis
Gonorrhea
Herpes
Genital warts
Chancroid
