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Anaphy Lab > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

most abundant and widely distributed tissues

A

Connective tissue

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2
Q

binds together, supports, and strengthens
protects and insulates internal organs
compartmentalizes structures

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

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3
Q

major transport system (blood)

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

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4
Q

primary location of stored energy reserves
main source of immune responses

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

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5
Q

secrete fibers and ground substance

A

Fibroblasts

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6
Q

develop from monocytes and destroy bacteria and cell debris by phagocytosis

A

Macrophages

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7
Q

secrete antibodies neutralize foreign substances

A

Plasma cells (plasmocytes)

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8
Q

produce histamine

A

Mast cells

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9
Q

fat cells, stores triglycerides (fats)

A

Adipocytes

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10
Q

Neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and basophils

A

Leukocytes (White blood cells)

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11
Q

-between the cells and fibers
-fluid, semifluid, gelatinous, or calcified
-medium for exchange of substances between the blood and cells

A

GROUND SUBSTANCE

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12
Q

Contains water and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)

A

GROUND SUBSTANCE

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13
Q

viscous, slippery substance that binds cells together, lubricates joints, and helps maintain the shape of the eyeballs

A

Hyaluronic acid

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14
Q

provides support and adhesiveness in cartilage, bone, skin, and blood vessels

A

Chondroitin sulfate

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15
Q

skin, tendons, blood vessels, and heart valves

A

Dermatan sulfate

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16
Q

bone, cartilage, and the cornea

A

Keratan sulfate

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17
Q

GROUND SUBSTANCE

A

Hyaluronic acid
Chondroitin sulfate
Dermatan sulfate
Keratan sulfate

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18
Q

FIBERS (3)

A

Collagen fibers
Elastic fibers
Reticular fibers

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19
Q

-Consist of collagen
-pulling or stretching, not stiff, allows tissue
flexibility

A

Collagen fibers

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20
Q

consists of elastin molecules surrounded fibrillin

A

Elastic fibers

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21
Q

have the ability to return to their original shape after being stretched

A

Elasticity

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22
Q

-much thinner than collagen fibers and form branching networks
-consists of collagen

A

Reticular fibers

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23
Q

CLASSIFICATION OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Embryonic connective tissue (2)

A

A. Mesenchyme
B. Mucous (mucoid) connective tissue

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24
Q

CLASSIFICATION OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Mature connective tissue

A

Connective tissue proper
Supporting connective tissue
Liquid connective tissue

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24
Q

CLASSIFICATION OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Mature connective tissue

A

Connective tissue proper
Supporting connective tissue
Liquid connective tissue

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24
Q

CLASSIFICATION OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Mature connective tissue

A

Connective tissue proper
Supporting connective tissue
Liquid connective tissue

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25
Q

Loose connective tissue (3)

A

a. Areolar connective tissue
b. Adipose tissue
c. Reticular connective tissue

26
Q

Dense connective tissue

A

a. Dense regular connective tissue
b. Dense irregular connective tissue
c. Elastic connective tissue

27
Q

Supporting connective tissue (2)

A
  1. Cartilage (Hyaline, fibro, elastic)
  2. Bone tissue (compact, spongy)
28
Q

Liquid connective tissue (2)

A
  1. Blood
  2. Lymph
29
Q
  • present in the embryo
  • GIVE RISE to most tissues, such as skin, blood or bone
A

Mesenchyme

30
Q
  • Wharton’s jelly
  • found in the umbilical cord of the fetus
  • contains fine collagen fibers
A

Mucous (mucoid) connective tissue

31
Q

loosely arranged between cells

A

Loose connective tissue

32
Q

most widely distributed connective tissues
packing material of the body

A

Areolar connective tissue

33
Q
  • storage of triglycerides
  • reduces heat loss through skin
  • energy reserve
  • supports and protects
    organs
A

Adipose tissue

34
Q
  • Stroma of liver, spleen, lymph nodes; red bone marrow
  • reticular lamina of basement membrane
  • around blood vessels and muscles
A

Reticular connective tissue

35
Q

contains more fibers
thicker and more densely packed

A

Dense connective tissue

36
Q

Forms tendons, most ligaments, and aponeuroses

A

Dense regular connective tissue

37
Q

attach muscle to bone

A

tendons

38
Q

attach bone to bone

A

most ligaments

39
Q

sheetlike tendons that attach muscle to muscle or muscle to bone

A

aponeuroses

40
Q
  • irregularly arranged
  • Fasciae, periosteum of bone, perichondrium of cartilage
  • Provides tensile (pulling) strength in many directions
A

Dense irregular connective tissue

41
Q
  • contains elastic fibers with fibroblasts between them
  • Allows stretching
    -strong
    -recoil to original shape after being stretched.
A

Elastic connective tissue

42
Q
  • contains a resilient gel
    -appears bluish-white, shiny substance
    -smooth surfaces for movement
    -weakest
A

Hyaline cartilage

43
Q

contains ground substance (chondroitin sulfate) and type II collagen

A

matrix

44
Q

capsules containing chondrocyte

A

lacunae

45
Q

produce and maintain ground substance

A

Chondrocyte

46
Q

surrounds the surface of most cartilage
contains blood vessels and nerves
source of new cartilage cells (chondroblasts)

A

Perichondrium

47
Q
  • has chondrocytes in thick bundles of collagen fibers
  • lacks perichondrium
  • Support and joining structures together
  • strongest type of cartilage (Strength and rigidity)
A

Fibrocartilage

48
Q

fibrocartilage forms (4)

A

• Pubic symphysis (where hip bones join anteriorly)
• intervertebral discs
• menisci (cartilage pads) of knee
• portions of tendons that insert into cartilage

49
Q
  • has chondrocytes in threadlike network
  • perichondrium present
  • Provides strength and elasticity
  • maintains shape of certain structures
A

Elastic cartilage

50
Q

elastic cartilage forms 3

A

• Lid on top of larynx (epiglottis)
• part of external ear (auricle)
• auditory (eustachian) tubes

51
Q

connective tissues in bones (4)

A

• bone or osseous tissue
• periosteum
• red and yellow bone marrow
• endosteum

52
Q

a membrane that lines a space within bone that stores yellow bone marrow

A

endosteum

53
Q

basic unit of compact bone

A

osteon or haversian system

54
Q

-concentric rings consist of mineral salts (hardness)
-responsible for the compact nature of this type of bone tissue.

A

Lamellae

55
Q

contains osteocytes

A

Lacunae

56
Q

-networks of minute canals containing the processes of osteocytes
-provide routes for nutrients

A

Canaliculi

57
Q
  • trabecular or cancellous bone tissue
  • does not contain osteons
  • located in the interior of a bone, protected by compact bone
  • light, which reduces the overall weight of a bone.
A

Spongy bone

58
Q
  • Lamellae that are arranged in an irregular pattern of thin columns
  • support and protect the red bone marrow
A

Trabeculae

59
Q

sites where red bone marrow is stored (5)

A

hip bones
ribs
sternum (breastbone)
vertebrae
proximal ends of the humerus and femur

60
Q

blood cell production occurs in adults

A

hemopoiesis

61
Q

has a liquid extracellular matrix called blood plasma and
formed elements

A

Blood

62
Q
  • extracellular fluid that flows in lymphatic vessels
  • consists of several types of cells that is similar to blood plasma but with much less protein
A

Lymph

62
Q
  • extracellular fluid that flows in lymphatic vessels
  • consists of several types of cells that is similar to blood plasma but with much less protein
A

Lymph

62
Q
  • extracellular fluid that flows in lymphatic vessels
  • consists of several types of cells that is similar to blood plasma but with much less protein
A

Lymph

Anaphy Lab (11 decks)

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