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Anaphy Lab > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

contributes to homeostasis by protecting the body and helping regulate body temperature.

allows to sense stimuli in your external environment.

composed of the skin, hair, oil and sweat glands, nails, and sensory receptors.

A

integumentary system

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2
Q

types of tissues

A

epithelial
connective
muscle
nervous

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3
Q

flat

A

squamous

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4
Q

cube

A

cuboidal

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5
Q

column

A

columnar

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6
Q

1 layer`

A

simple

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7
Q

more than 1 layer

A

stratified

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8
Q

pseudostratified

A

1 layered NOT/FALSE stratified

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9
Q

transitional

A

flat, cuboidal, round, stretched

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10
Q

FUNCTIONS OF THE SKIN

A

Regulates body temperature
Stores blood
Protects body from external environment
Detects cutaneous sensations
Excretes and absorbs secretions
Synthesizes Vitamin D

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11
Q

-outermost layer of skin on your body, which protects underlying tissues
-composed of keratinized stratified squamous
epithelium.

A

epidermis

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12
Q

-90% of epidermal cells are __
-produce lamellar granules
tough, fibrous protein that helps protect the skin and
-underlying tissues from abrasions, heat, microbes, and chemicals

A

Keratinocytes

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13
Q

release a water-repellent sealant that decreases water entry and loss and inhibits the entry of foreign materials

A

lamellar granules

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14
Q

develop from the ectoderm of a developing embryo and produce the pigment melanin

A

Melanocytes

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15
Q

a yellow-red or brown-black pigment that contributes to skin color and absorbs damaging ultraviolet (UV) light

A

Melanin

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16
Q

-Langerhans cells
-arise from red bone marrow and
migrate to the epidermis
-participate in immune responses

A

Intraepidermal macrophages

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17
Q
  • Merkel cells
    -the least numerous
    -located in the deepest layer of the epidermis
    -they contact the flattened process of a sensory neuron (nerve cell)
    -detect touch sensations
A

Tactile epithelial cells

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18
Q

-25-30 layers of dead keratinocytes in thin skin, 50 or more in thick skin
- Increased friction, increases keratinocyte production,
increasing number of layers, forming a callus.

A

STRATUM CORNEUM

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19
Q

-Present only in the thick skin
-Consists of 4-6 layers of flattened clear, dead keratinocytes that contain large amounts of keratin
and thickened plasma membranes.

A

STRATUM LUCIDUM

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20
Q

where exposure to friction is greatest, such as in the fingertips, palms, and soles,

A

thick skin

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21
Q

-Consists of 3-5 layers of flattened keratinocytes that are undergoing apoptosis.

-organelles of begin to degenerate as they move farther from their source of nutrition

-keratin intermediate filaments become more apparent because the organelles in the cells are regressing.

-presence of keratohyalin, lamellar granules

-keratinocytes can no longer carry on vital metabolic reactions, and they die.

transition between the deeper, metabolically active strata and the dead cells of the more superficial strata

A

STRATUM GRANULOSUM

22
Q

darkly staining granules of a protein
assembles keratin intermediate filaments into keratin

A

keratohyalin

23
Q

keratinocytes arranged in 8–10 layers.

Cells are somewhat flattened.

keratinocytes are produced by the
stem cells in the basal layer

cells shrink and pull apart when prepared for microscopic examination, appear, to be covered with thorn like
spines

provides strength and flexibility

Intraepidermal macrophages and
projections of melanocytes

A

STRATUM SPINOSUM

24
Q

bundles of keratin intermediate filaments insert into desmosomes, which tightly join the cells to one another.

A

spinelike projection

25
Q

-deepest layer of the epidermis.
-stratum germinativum
-single row of cuboidal or columnar keratinocytes.
-Some cells in this layer are stem cells
-nuclei of keratinocytes are large,

A

STRATUM BASALE

26
Q

-Composed of dense irregular connective tissue containing
collagen and elastic fibers.

-Has the ability to stretch and
recoil easily.(elasticity)

A

DERMIS

27
Q

Makes up about one-fifth of the
thickness of the total layer.

It contains thin collagen and fine
elastic fibers.

surface area is greatly
increased by dermal papillae

A

Papillary Region

28
Q

small, nipple-shaped
project into the undersurface of the epidermis
Meissner’s corpuscle, or corpuscles of touch
nerve endings sensitive to touch

A

dermal papillae

29
Q

Deeper portion of dermis
consists of dense irregular
connective tissue

Strength
Extensibility the ability to stretch

Elasticity the ability to return to
original shape after

A

Reticular region

30
Q
  • consists of areolar
    and adipose tissues.
A

SUBCUTANEOUS LAYER

31
Q

peach fuzz or baby hair

A

Vellus hair

32
Q

Replaces vellus hair
after puberty

A

Terminal hair

33
Q

Vellus hair
quantity

A

5% in males
65% in females

34
Q

Vellus hair location

A

Around the body, ears
and nose

35
Q

vellus hair texture

A

Short, fine, soft

36
Q

Terminal or androgenic
hair quantity

A

95% in males
35% in females

37
Q

Terminal or androgenic
hair location

A

Armpits, eyelashes,
pubic hair, chest hair

38
Q

Terminal or androgenic
hair texture

A

Long, Coarse, hard

39
Q

skin glands

A

Sweat glands (sudoriferous
glands)

Oil glands (sebaceous glands)

Ceruminous Glands (Modified sweat glands in the external
ear)

40
Q

paleness of color in
the sack due to
lack of blood flow

A

Pallor

41
Q

Blueness due to
deficiency of oxygen
in the blood

A

Cyanosis

42
Q

abnormal yellowish discoloration of the sclerae of the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes due to excess bilirubin in the blood.

A

Jaundice

43
Q

Redness of the skin due to
increased blood flow

Could be due to inflammation, skin
injury, or infection

A

Erythema

44
Q
  • Extravasation of blood into the skin
A

Hematoma

45
Q

caused by excessive heat

A

burns

46
Q

mild pain
no blisters
epidermis
immediate flushing with cold water
3-6 days healing

A

1st degree

47
Q

epidermis and part of dermis
some skin functions are lost
blister formation
heal without skin grafting
3-4 weeks healing

A

2nd degree

48
Q

all layers
lost skin functions
destroyed nerve endings
regeneration occurs slowly

A

3rd degree

49
Q

healthy skin will be transferred to affected area

A

skin grafting

50
Q

auto graft-
allograft-
xeno graft-

A

from cells
allograft- from another (same species)
other species

51
Q

estimates the surface area affected by burns

A

rule of nines

52
Q

from degraded RBC
yellow waste product
photosensitive

A

bilirubin

Anaphy Lab (11 decks)

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