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NMSP - Exam 2 > Skeletal Muscle Relaxants > Flashcards

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 types of Neuromuscular Blocking agents?

A

Non-Depolarizing

Depolarizing

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2
Q

What is the Depolarizing Neuromuscular Blocking Agent?

A

Succinylcholine

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3
Q

Besides Succinylcholine, the rest of the Neuromuscular Blocking Agents are ____

A

Non-depolarizing

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4
Q

The Isoquinolone Derivatives that are Neuromuscular Blocking end in what?

A

–Curium or Curarine

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5
Q

The Steroid Derivatives that are Neuromuscular Blocking Agents end in what?

A

–Nium

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6
Q

What are 3 long acting Neuromuscular Blocking Agents?

A

Doxacurium
Pancuronium
Piperuronium

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7
Q

Do Neuromuscular Blockers have CNS activity?

A

No – just interfere with transmission at NMJ

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8
Q

The Non-depolarizing Neuromuscular Blocking Agents MOA

A

Prevent access of Ach to its receptor and block depolarization

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9
Q

The Depolarizing Neuromuscular Blockage Agent MOA

A

Blockade that results from excess of a depolarizing agent

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10
Q

What are 3 possible adverse effects of Neuromuscular Blocking Agents?

A

Hypotension
Tachycardia
Histamine release – bronchospasm

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11
Q

Which Neuromuscular Blocking Agents have less Histamine release?

A

Steroids – nium

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12
Q

What drug class is used to reverse the NMJ Blockade?

A

Cholinesterase (-)’s +/- Anticholinergics

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13
Q

What drug class is used to reverse the NMJ Blockade?

A

Cholinesterase (-)’s +/- Anticholinergic Agents

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14
Q

What are the 2 phases of Succinylcholine’s MOA?

A

Phase 1 Depolarizing Block

Phase 2 Desensitizing Block

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15
Q

How does Phase 1 Depolarizing Block work with Succinylcholine?

A

Longer Ach effects at NMJ which causes the membranes to be depolarized and unresponsive

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16
Q

What is the manifestation of Phase 1 Depolarizing Block of Succinylcholine?

A

Flaccid paralysis with lack of repolarization

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17
Q

How does Phase 2 Desensitizing Block work with Succinylcholine?

A

Depolarization decreases with continued exposure and then receptors become desensitized

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18
Q

What are 2 Anti-muscarinic Agents? (Anticholinergics)

A

Atropine

Glycopyrrolate

19
Q

What is 1 Cholinesterase Reactivator?

A

Pralidoxime

20
Q

What is 1 Cholinesterase Reactivator?

A

Pralidoxime

21
Q

What can Pralidoxime do?

A

(Cholinesterase Reactivator)

= Reverse organophosphates sensory changes

22
Q

If you were to choose a Cholinesterase (-) to reverse a pharmacologic paralysis, which one would you choose?

A

Neostigmine

23
Q

If you were to choose a Cholinesterase (-) to reverse a pharmacologic paralysis, which one would you choose?

A

Neostigmine

24
Q

What 3 Cholinesterase (-)’s can be used to treat Myasthenia Gravis?

A

Neostigmine
Pyridostigmine
Ambenonium

25
Q

What 3 Cholinesterase (-)’s can treat Myasthenia Gravis?

A

Neostigmine
Pyridostigmine
Ambenonium

26
Q

Muscle Relaxants are known as?

A

Spasmolytic Agents

27
Q

Generally, what do Spasmolytic Agents do?

A

Provide relief from discomfort and pain of muscle spasms

28
Q

What are 2 Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants that you need to know?

A

Carisoprodol

Cyclobenzaprine

29
Q

What are 2 Centrally Acting Spasmolytic Agents that you need to know?

A

Carisoprodol

Cyclobenzaprine

30
Q

What are the adverse effects of Carisoprodol?

A

Addictive potential with anxiolytic effects

31
Q

Which Centrally acting muscle relaxant has an addictive potential with anxiolytic effects?

A

Carisoprodol

32
Q

What is an adverse effect of Cyclobenazprine?

A

Drowsiness

33
Q

Which Centrally acting muscle relaxant can cause drowsiness?

A

Cyclobenzaprine

34
Q

What are 2 Non-Centrally acting muscle relaxants?

A

Dantrolene

Botulinum Toxin

35
Q

What are 4 drugs for Multiple Sclerosis?

A

Glucocorticoids
Glatiramer Acetate
IFN-beta-1a/1b
Mitoxantrone

36
Q

What are 4 drugs for Multiple Sclerosis?

A

Glucocorticoids
Glatiramer Acetate
IFN-beta-1a/1b
Mitoxantrone

37
Q

What is Glatiramer Acetate made of?

A

4 AA polymers that are similar to myelin basic protein

38
Q

What is the MOA for Glatiramer Acetate?

A

(+) T Suppressor Cells specific for myelin antigen

39
Q

Where do IFN-beta-1a/1b drugs act?

A

BBB

40
Q

What is the MOA for IFN-beta-1a/1b?

A

Interfere with T cell adhesion by binding VLA-4 or by (-) expression of MMP on T cells

41
Q

What is the MOA for Mitoxantrone?

A

Intercalates into DNA to cause cross-links and strand breaks

42
Q

Which drug for MS can intercalate into DNA and cause cross-links and strand breaks?

A

Mitoxantrone

43
Q

Which drug for MS can interfere with T cell adhesion by binding VLA-4 or by (-) expression of MMP on T cells?

A

IFN-beta-1a/1b

44
Q

Which drug for MS (+) T suppressor cells specific for myelin antigen?

A

Glatiramer Acetate

NMSP - Exam 2 (29 decks)

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