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NMSP - Exam 2 > OA vs. RA > Flashcards

OA vs. RA Flashcards

1
Q

Osteoarthritis is a disease of the _____

A

Cartilage

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2
Q

Primary form of OA increases exponentially after age ___

A

50 – due to aging

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3
Q

OA affects the larger joints first. Specifically which ones for women and men?

A

Women - hands and knees

Men - hips

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4
Q

What are the symptoms of OA?

A

Evening stiffness
Crepitus
Decreased ROM

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5
Q

When are the symptoms worse for OA patients?

A

Worse with use

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6
Q

Is there inflammation with OA?

A

No

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7
Q

Is there systemic symptoms with OA?

A

No

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8
Q

Is there morning stiffness with OA?

A

No

– Evening Stiffness

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9
Q

When OA affects the proximal IP joints

A

Bouchard’s Nodes

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10
Q

Bouchard’s nodes

A

OA affecting the proximal IP joints

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11
Q

When OA affects the distal IP joints

A

Heberden nodes

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12
Q

Heberden nodes

A

When OA affects the distal IP joints

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13
Q

How do cracks form in the matrix with OA and what does that cause to occur?

A

Increased water content and decreased proteoglycans

=> cartilage sloughs off

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14
Q

” joint mice or loose bodies”

A

Cartilage sloughing off with OA

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15
Q

When cartilage sloughs off with OA, what occurs next and what is the pain experienced?

A

Subchondral bone exposed and rubbed smooth

= Eburnation: bone on bone pain

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16
Q

Once Eburnation is present, what will develop in the bone and how?

A

Subchondral cysts

– microfractures allow synovial fluid into the bone

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17
Q

What is the end stage OA?

A

Osteophytes (mushroom shaped bony growths)

18
Q

What do Osteophytes cause with OA?

A

Nerve compression and pain

19
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis is a disease of the _____

A

Synovium

20
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis is an autoimmune disease that affects which gender/age group more often?

A

Women 2-4th decades of life

21
Q

Is there systemic effects with RA?

A

Yes

22
Q

When is stiffness felt with RA?

A

Morning stiffness

23
Q

When are the symptoms worse with RA patients?

A

Worse with rest

24
Q

What type of inflammation is present with RA?

A

Non-suppurative inflammatory synovitis

25
Q

What marker is commonly present in the serum with most RA patients?

A

ACPAs

26
Q

What marker is not always present with RA and can be present in some patients that do not have RA?

A

Rheumatoid factor

– IgM/A binds to the Fc region of IgG and deposits into joints

27
Q

OA is occurring slowly over time. When will joint symptoms present with RA?

A

Weeks/months

28
Q

What genetic abnormality is associated with RA?

A

HLA-DR4

29
Q

What environmental factors can influence RA?

A

Smoking

Infections

30
Q

What joints are affected first with RA and in what fashion?

A

Small joints of fingers first = symmetrical distribution

31
Q

How do the joints feel with RA?

A

Swollen
Warm
Painful
– morning stiffness that does NOT improve with rest

32
Q

With RA: Boutonniere

A

Flexed PIP

Extended DIP

33
Q

With RA: Swan-neck

A

Extended PIP

Flexed DIP

34
Q

With RA, what deviation will you see with the fingers and wrist?

A 
Fingers = ulnar deviation
Wrist = radial deviation
35
Q

Hyperplastic synovium that grows and erodes cartilage and causes joint fusion (ankylosis) to occur with RA?

A

Pannus

36
Q

Besides Pannus, what other morphological features can be seen with RA?

A

Synovial hypertrophy with villi
Lymphoid aggregates
Ankylosis (joint fusion) from the pannus

37
Q

What skin manifestations can be seen with RA?

A

Rheumatoid nodules

38
Q

Where do Rheumatoid nodules present?

A

Extensor surfaces at pressure points in subQ tissue

– forearm, elbow, occiput, lumbar

39
Q

Are the Rheumatoid nodules tender?

A

NO

40
Q

Histo of the Rheumatoid nodules

A

Necrotizing granulomas with central fibrinoid necrosis

NMSP - Exam 2 (29 decks)

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