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Histology > Skeletal Muscle > Flashcards

Skeletal Muscle Flashcards

1
Q

Black arrows?

A

Type I fibers

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2
Q

What is alpha actinin

A

protein that attaches thin filaments to the Z-line

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3
Q

Blue arrows?

A

Type II fibers

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4
Q

Arrows?

A

Myocyte nuclei

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5
Q

What is alpha-beta crystallin?

A

a heat shock protein that protects desmin from mechanical stress.

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6
Q

What is nebulin?

A

A molecule that lies on top of actin filaments in the sarcomere. It regulates the length of an actin filament.

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7
Q

Identify

A

Cardiac muscle, Acute MI

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8
Q

What are satellite cells?

A

Cells that attach to myotubes before the basal lamina is laid down. They function as stem cells and give rise to myogenic precursor cells (replaces damaged muscle).

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9
Q

What is the dystroglycan complex?

A

It links dystrophin (intracellular) to laminin-2 (extracellular).

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10
Q
A

smooth muscle

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11
Q
A

Smooth muscle

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12
Q

What is type I myofiber also known as?

A

red/dark fibers

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13
Q
A

skeletal muscle

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14
Q

What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?

A

smooth, skeletal and cardiac

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15
Q
A

Smooth muscle

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16
Q

What is speed of contraction of type I myofibers?

A

slow and continuous

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17
Q

What is one way that smooth muscle and skeletal muscle differ?

A

Smooth muscle has single mononucleated cells and skeletal muscle has many cells.

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18
Q

Why are type IIB myofibers light?

A

They have little to no myoglobin; type IIA uses ANAEROBIC respiration.

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19
Q

Blue arrows?

A

Type II fibers

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20
Q

Identify

A

Muscle spindle

21
Q

Why is type I myofiber dark?

A

due to the large armount of hemoglobin in the fibers; type I myofibers use OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORLYATION. They also have high ATP, and NADH

22
Q

What are the components of a neuromusclar spindle?

A

extrafusal fibers, intrafusal fibers, alpha motor neurons, gamma motor fibers, primary and secondary afferent fibers.

23
Q

If NAD stain is dark in myofibers, what does that indicate?

A

The myofiber is high NAD, and hence uses oxidative phosphorylation. It is probably at type 1 myofiber.

24
Q

what are two features of cardiac muscle visible in a picture?

A

intercalated discs and sarcomeric arrangement.

25
Q

Identify

A

Cardiac muscle

26
Q

What are type IIB myofibers also known as?

A

white/light fibers

27
Q

C?

A

Myofibril

28
Q

How do the contraction of type IIA myofibers compare to type I and IIB contractions?

A

Type IIA contracts faster than type I, but slower than type IIA.

29
Q

Black arrows?

A

Type I fibers

30
Q

What is type IIA myofiber also known as?

A

intermediate fibers

31
Q

What are the gap junctions called that are found in cardiac muscle?

A

intercalated discs.

32
Q

What is titin?

A

A molecule that extends from the Z disc to the end line. It maintains the position of the myosin filaments in the sarcomere.

33
Q

Arrowhead?

A

Satellite cell

34
Q

A?

A

Fascicle

35
Q

What is the contraction mechanism of skeletal muscle?

A

all or none

36
Q

Identify

A

muscle spindle

37
Q

What is dystrophin?

A

A molecule that links alpha-actin/desmin to the cytoplasmic side of the sarcolemm and anchors actin to it as well. It also reinforces sarcolemma during muscle contraction.

38
Q
A

Skeletal Muscle

39
Q
A

Cardiac Muscle

40
Q

E?

A

Epimysium

41
Q

B?

A

Myofiber

42
Q

Do type IIB myofibers fatigue quickly or slowly?

A

slowly

43
Q

What are the similarities between smooth and cardiac muscle?

A

Both use gap junctions, do not conduct an “all or nothing” signal and are not directly innervated.

44
Q

G?

A

Perimysium

45
Q

D?

A

Endomysium

46
Q

F?

A

Blood vessels

47
Q

What kind of respiration does type IIA myofiber use?

A

BOTH aerobic and anaerobic resiration.

48
Q

How are skeletal muscle cells formed?

A

When individual myoblasts form a myotube.

Histology (17 decks)

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