Epithelial Cells I

Question 1

What is the most cellular tissue in the body?

Answer 1

epithelial tissues

Question 2

How many layers are in simple tissue?

Answer 2

one

Question 3

How many layers are in stratified tissue?

Answer 3

more than one.

Question 4

What are characteristics of epithelial cells?

Answer 4

uniform shape, tightly bound by junctions, little intercellular matrix, exposed to cavities/lumen

Question 5

What are apical domains?

Answer 5

domains that are in contact with a lumen (I.e. Kidney tubule cells and glandular duct cells) or external environment(surface cells of the epidermis).
> They may have cilli.

Question 6

What are basolateral domains?

Answer 6

> domains that are locked together by special junctional complexes with neighboring cells as well as the cells surface opposite the apical domain that is in contact with the basal lamina.

Question 7

Where is the basal domain?

Answer 7

under the cell.

Question 8

Epithelial tissues may be derived from?

Answer 8

> ectoderm (I.e., the skin epidermis and glands)
endoderm (I.e., the lining of the GI tract (including glands))
mesoderm (I.e., the lining of blood vessels, mesothelioma, Bowman’s castle)

Question 9

Where do epithelial tissues receive nutrients?

Answer 9

diffusion from blood vessels.

Question 10

What is the basal lamina?

Answer 10

> part of the basement membrane (basal layer) that is composed of type IV collagen plus glycoproteins and is PAS +.
It is absent in “leaky” epithelial tissue (E.g. lymph vessels and hepatic sinusoids).
It covers the epithelial cells.

Question 11

What is the reticular lamina?

Answer 11

> part of the basement membrane below the basal lamina.
in contact with the underlying connective tissue and consists of argyrophililc fibers, reticular fibers and glycoproteins

Question 12

What are the functions of the basement membrane?

Answer 12

> selective filtration barrier
scaffold for embryogenesis and regeneration
stabilization of tissue shape.

Question 13

What do epithelial tissues line?

Answer 13

> body cavities and body surfaces.
They also form secretory/excretory parts of glands.
epithelial tissues may be innervated

Question 14

What is a feature of squamous cells?

Answer 14

> They look squished or flattened

Question 15

what is a feature of cuboidal cells?

Answer 15

they look like squares, and are in circles sometimes. The apical domain faces the center of the circle and the basal domain forms the outside.

Question 16

What is a feature of columnar cells?

Answer 16

they look like rectangles and the nucleus is near the basal layer.

Question 17

What are pseudostratified cells?

Answer 17

cells that appear to be simple epithelium (cells in contact with basal lamina) but appear stratified due to the different locations of nuclei in each cell.

Question 18

What are transitional cells?

Answer 18

cells that appear to have more than one layer because of the position of the nuclei. The cells are in contact with the basal lamina, but dome shape gives it a stratified appearance.

Question 19

What is polarity?

Answer 19

one side of the cell has a different function than the other side of the cell.

Question 20

Where is simple squamous epithelium?

Answer 20

ducts, vessels, tubular structures (e.g. alveoli, Bowman’s capsule).

Question 21

where is simple cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 21

contain microvilli sometimes. Found on surface of ovary, retina, kidney tubles, glands and ducts, bronchioles, choroid plexus and capsul of lens and eye.

Question 22

where is simple columnar epithelium?

Answer 22

may have microvilli. Found on respiratory tract, uterine tubes, uterus, sinuses. Non-ciliated in the digestive tract, gall bladder and excretory ducts of glands.

Question 23

Where is stratified keratinized squamous epithelium?

Answer 23

epidermis, cornea (keratinized);

Question 24

Where is stratified cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 24

seldom found in the body; excretory ducts

Question 25

Where is stratified columnar epithelium?

Answer 25

seldom found in the body; sweat glands, eye, male urinary tract, pharynx, epiglottis.

Question 26

where is pseudostratified epithelium?

Answer 26

ciliated - trachea; stereocilia - epididymis

Question 27

Where is transitional epithelium?

Answer 27

urinary system

Question 28

What are the two kinds of epithelium?

Answer 28

covering/lining and glandular.

Question 29

What are two functions of epithelium?

Answer 29

protection (stratified squamous) and maintenance of concentration differences with leaky and tight barriers; secrection and absorption (pseudostratified, simple columnar).

Question 30

Simple non-ciliated columnar epithelium is associated with what tract?

Answer 30

Digestive tract

Question 31

Transitional epithelium is associated with which tract?

Answer 31

urinary tract

Question 32

stratified cuboidal is found where?

Answer 32

part of the male urethra, in excretory ducts, etc.

Question 33

Where is non- keratinized stratified squamous epithelium found?

Answer 33

esophagus, mouth, tongue, vagina (non-keratinized).

Question 34

Where is simple ciliated columnar epithelium found?

Answer 34

upper respiratory tract, sinuses, central canal of spinal cord.

Question 35

Aside from layers, epithelial tissues can also be classified based on what?

Answer 35

> the predominant shape of the cells that make up the tissues

Question 36

How are epithelioid tissues different from epithelial tissues?

Answer 36

> epithelioid tissues resemble epithelial tissues but lack a free surface

Question 37

True or False: epithelial cells exhibit polarity?

Answer 37

> true

Question 38

Do epithelial tissues contain blood vessels?

Answer 38

> no

Question 39

Epithelial tissues sit on top of what?

Answer 39

> a basement membrane

Question 40

What are the two components of the basement membrane?

Answer 40

> basal lamina

> reticular lamina

Question 41

True or False: epithelial tissues may be innervated?

Answer 41

> true