Sister Callista L. Roy

Question 1

She is known for her groundbreaking work in creating the Adaptation Model of Nursing.

Answer 1

Sister Callista L. Roy

Question 2

The prominent nursing theory aims to explain or define the provision of nursing

Answer 2

Adaptation Model of Nursing

Question 3

Sister Callista Roy’s model sees the individual as a set of interrelated systems that maintain a balance between various stimuli.

Answer 3

Adaptation Model of Nursing

Question 4

The Roy Adaptation Model was first presented in the literature in an article published in Nursing Outlook in 1970 entitled

Answer 4

“Adaptation: A Conceptual Framework for Nursing.”

Question 5

humans are holistic beings that are in constant interaction with their environment

Answer 5

Person

Question 6

conditions, circumstances, and influences that affect humans’ development and behavior as an adaptive system

Answer 6

Environment

Question 7

the state where humans can continually adapt to stimuli

Answer 7

Health

Question 8

facilitators of adaptation

Answer 8

Nursing

Question 9

the “process and outcome whereby thinking and feeling persons as individuals or in groups use conscious awareness and choice to create human and environmental integration.”

Answer 9

Adaptation

Question 10

a person’s physiological coping mechanism. The body attempts to adapt via regulation of our bodily processes, including neurochemical and endocrine systems.

Answer 10

regulator subsystem

Question 11

a person’s mental coping mechanism. A person uses his brain to cope via self-concept, interdependence, and role function adaptive modes.

Answer 11

cognator subsystem

Question 12

are how the regulator and cognator mechanisms are manifested; they are the external expressions of the above and internal processes.

Answer 12

subsystem’s four adaptive modes

Question 13

Physical and chemical processes are involved in the function and activities of living organisms. These are the actual processes put in motion by the regulator subsystem.

composed of the needs associated with oxygenation, nutrition, elimination, activity and rest, and protection.

Answer 13

Physiological-Physical Mode

Question 14

In this mode, the goal of coping is to have a sense of unity, meaning the purposefulness in the universe, and a sense of identity integrity.

This includes body image and self-ideals.

Answer 14

Self-Concept Group Identity Mode

Question 15

This mode focuses on the primary, secondary, and tertiary roles that a person occupies in society and knowing where they stand as a member of society.

Answer 15

Role Function Mode

Question 16

This mode focuses on attaining relational integrity through the giving and receiving of love, respect and value. This is achieved with effective communication and relations.

Answer 16

Interdependence Mode

Question 17

3 Levels of Adaptation

Answer 17

Integrated Process
Compensatory Process
Compromised Process

Question 18

The various modes and subsystems meet the needs of the environment. These are usually stable processes

(e.g., breathing, spiritual realization, successful relationship).

Answer 18

Integrated Process

Question 19

The cognator and regulator are challenged by the environment’s needs but are working to meet the needs

(e.g., grief, starting with a new job, compensatory breathing).

Answer 19

Compensatory Process

Question 20

The modes and subsystems are not adequately meeting the environmental challenge

(e.g., hypoxia, unresolved loss, abusive relationships).

Answer 20

Compromised Process

Question 21

 Sister Callista Roy defined the environment as conditions, circumstances, and influences that affect humans’ development and behavior as an adaptive system. The environment is a stimulus or input that requires a person to adapt. These stimuli can be positive or negative and she categorized these stimuli accordingly;

These are the additional environmental factors present within the situation but whose effect is unclear. This can include previous experience with certain stimuli.

Answer 21

Residual Stimuli

Question 22

 These are characterized as the rest of the stimuli present with the focal stimuli and contribute to its effect.

Answer 22

Contextual Stimuli

Question 23

 These stimuli are the ones that confront the human system and require the most attention.

Answer 23

Focal Stimuli