Imogene King Flashcards
was one of the pioneers and most sought nursing theorists for her Theory of Goal Attainment
Imogene King
states that “Nursing is a process of action, reaction, and interaction whereby nurse and client share information about their perception in the nursing situation.”
Theory of Goal Attainment
the model focuses on the attainment of certain life goals
It explains that the nurse and patient go hand-in-hand in communicating information, set goals together, and then take actions to achieve those goals
Theory of Goal Attainment
The factors that affect the attainment of goals are
r, s, s, t
roles, stress, space, and time.
social being who has 3 fundamental needs:
the need for health information
the need for care that seeks to prevent illness
the need for care when the patient is unable to help him or herself
involving the patient’s life experiences
health
background for human interaction
environment
which is formal and informal organizations
external environment
which transforms energy to enable people to adjust to external environmental changes
internal environment
considered part of the patient’s environment
nurse
three interacting systems: (p,i,s)
personal system, the interpersonal system, and the social system
The sequence is first ___ action to recognize the presenting conditions; then ___ action to begin activities related to those conditions; and finally, ___action to exert control over the situation, combined with ___ action seeking to achieve goals.
mental
physical
mental
physical
not specifically defined but might be considered in the sequence of behaviors described in action
Reaction
Each individual
King specified the concepts of body image, growth, development, perception, self, space, and time to comprehend human beings as persons
- Personal Systems
is defined as a sequence of behaviors involving mental and physical activity.
Action
can be defined as the processes in people’s lives through which they move from a potential for achievement to the actualization of self.
Growth and development
how one perceives both one’s body and others’ reactions to one’s appearance
body image
the physical area known as “territory” and by the behaviors of those occupying it
Space
defined as “a duration between one event and another as uniquely experienced by each human being; it is the relation of one event to another event.”
Time
These are formed by human beings interacting.
Two interacting individuals form a dyad
- Interpersonal Systems
As the number of interacting individuals increases, so does the ___ of the interactions.
complexity
Understanding the ____ system requires the concepts of communication, interaction, role, stress, and transaction.
interpersonal
defined as the observable behaviors of two or more individuals in mutual presence.
Interactions
“a process whereby information is given from one person to another either directly in a face-to-face meeting or indirectly through telephone, television, or the written word.”
communication
“a process of interactions in which human beings communicate with the environment to achieve goals that are valued… goal-directed human behaviors.
transactions
The characteristics of the role include ____
reciprocity
A person may be a giver at one time and a taker at another time, with a relationship between two or more individuals functioning in two or more, learned social, complex, and situational roles.
role
is “a dynamic state whereby a human being interacts with the environment to maintain balance for growth, development, and performance, which involves an exchange of energy and information between the person and the environment for regulation and control of stressors.”
Stress
A more comprehensive interacting system consists of groups that make up society
- Social Systems
examples of social systems
r, e, hcs
Religious, educational, and health care systems
is the process whereby one or more persons influence other persons in a situation
is the capacity or ability of a person or a group to achieve goals
Power
is “the position of an individual in a group or a group concerning other groups in an organization,” It is identified that status is accompanied by “privileges, duties, and obligation.”
Status
is “a dynamic and systematic process by which goal-directed choice of perceived alternatives is made and acted upon by individuals or groups to answer a question and attain a goal”
Decision making
a subconcept in the social system but did not further define the concept
control
demonstrates the conceptual system that provided “one approach to studying systems as a whole rather than as isolated parts of a system” and was “designed to explain the organized wholes within which nurses are expected to function.”
Dynamic Conceptual Systems
represents a process of human interactions that lead to transactions: A model of transaction. According to King, “The human process of interactions formed the basis for designing a model of transactions that depicted theoretical knowledge used by nurses to help individuals and groups attain goals.”
Process of Interaction
a process of perception and communication between a person and environment and between person and person represented by verbal and nonverbal behaviors that are goal-directed
Interaction
a process of interactions in which human beings communicate with the environment to achieve valued goals; transactions are goal-directed human behaviors.
Transaction
defined as “a process whereby information is given from one person to another either directly in face-to-face meetings or indirectly through telephone, television, or the written word.”
Communication
defined as “a set of behaviors expected of persons occupying a position in a social system; rules that define rights and obligations in a position; a relationship with one or more individuals interacting in specific situations for a purpose.”
Role
is “a dynamic state whereby a human being interacts with the environment to maintain balance for growth, development, and performance… an energy response of an individual to persons, objects, and events called stressors.”
Stress
can be defined as the “continuous changes in individuals at the cellular, molecular, and behavioral levels of activities… the processes that take place in the life of individuals that help them move from potential capacity for achievement to self-actualization.”
Growth and Development
is “a sequence of events moving onward to the future… a continuous flow of events in successive order that implies a change, a past and a future… a duration between one event and another as uniquely experienced by each human being… the relation of one event to another.”
Time
exists in every direction and is the same in all directions. Space includes that physical area called territory
Space
