Joyce Travelbee Flashcards
a nurse theorist who create the Human-to-Human Relationship
Joyce Travelbee
Health defines in two categories:
subjective and objective
5 Phases
Phase of… - OE, EI, E, S, R
Original Encounter Emerging Identities Empathy Sympathy Rapport
o an individually defined state of well-being in accord with self-appraisal of physical-emotional-spiritual status.
Subjective health
o an absence of discernable disease, disability of defect as measured by physical examination, laboratory tests and assessment by spiritual director or psychological counselor.
Objective health
Emotional knowledge colors impressions and perceptions of both nurse and patient during initial encounters
“to break the bond of categorization in order to perceive the human being in the patient” and vice versa.
Phase of the Original Encounter
include separating oneself and one’s experiences from others and recognizing the differing qualities that each possess, transcending roles by separating self and experiences from one another – not using oneself to judge others
Tasks include and avoiding “using oneself as a yardstick” by which to evaluate others
Phase of Emerging Identities
This phase involves sharing another’s psychological state but standing apart and not sharing feelings
It is characterized “by the ability to predict the behavior of another”.
Phase of Empathy
Sharing, feeling and experiencing what others are feeling and experiencing is accomplished
The task of the nurse is to translate sympathy into helpful nursing actions
Phase of Sympathy
The nurse and the sick person are relating as human being to human being
The sick person shows trust and confidence in the nurse.
Phase of Rapport
“An experience that varies in intensity, duration and depth … a feeling of unease, ranging from mild, transient mental, physical or mental discomfort to extreme pain and extreme tortured …”
Suffering
reason as oneself attributes
Meaning
Has a responsibility to help individuals and their families to find meaning
Nursing
Nurse’s job is to help the patient avoid hopelessness
Hope
“a strict necessity for good nursing care” and “one is able to use itself therapeutic.”
Communications
