Signs Flashcards
Kussmaul’s respiration?
DKA, hyperkalemia
(= hyperventilation)
Trousseau’s sign?
hypoparathyroidism, hypocalcemia
(= inflation of BP cuff above systolic pressure induces hand spasm)
Chvostek’s sign?
hypoparathyroidism, hypocalcemia
(= tap over facial nerve + look for spasm of facial muscles)
Beck’s triad?
pericardial effusion
(= falling BP, rising JVP, muffled heart sounds)
Quincke’s sign?
aortic regurgitation
(= capillary pulsation in nail beds)
De Musset’s sign?
aortic regurgitation
(= head nodding with each heartbeat)
Traube’s sign?
aortic regurgitation
(= pistol-shot sound when auscultating femoral artery)
malar flush?
mitral stenosis, SLE
(= pink patches on cheeks)
erythema marginatum?
rheumatic fever
(= redness of torso + inner limbs)
machinery murmur?
patent ductus arteriosus
clubbed blue toes with pink non-clubbed fingers?
patent ductus arteriosus
“hair on-end” X-ray?
beta thalassaemia
pain at McBurney’s point?
appendicitis
(= 2/3 away from umbilicus to ASIS)
fetor hepaticus?
liver failure
(= breath smells of rotten eggs)
Dupuytren’s contracture?
DM, liver failure
xanthelasma?
liver cirrhosis, DM
(= yellow fat deposits under skin around eyes)
liver flap/asterixis?
hepatic encephalopathy
(= flapping tremor with wrist extended)
Courvoisier’s sign?
if a patient with an enlarged gallbladder has painless jaundice, they don’t have gallstones
Murphy’s sign?
acute cholecystitis
(= pain on taking a deep breath when examiner places 2 fingers on RUQ)
Cullen’s sign?
acute pancreatitis
(= periumbilical bruising)
Grey Turner’s sign?
acute pancreatitis
(= left flank bruising)
Kayser-Fleischer ring?
Wilson’s disease
(= green-brown pigment in cornea)
PIZZ phenotype?
alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
(SOB from emphysema, cirrhosis, cholestatic jaundice)
Heberden’s nodes?
osteoarthritis
(= bone swellings at DIPJs)
