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Thanatology > Siciology For Funeral Service > Flashcards

Siciology For Funeral Service Flashcards

0
Q

Folkways

A

Informal practices.

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1
Q

Sociology

A

The science that deals with various social groups which we encounter in our world today.

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2
Q

Culture

A

A system of abstract patterns of and for both living and dying which are learned directly or indirectly. Unique and distinctive way of life-a most complete pattern for each individual within that particular culture.

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3
Q

Urbanization

A

Moving from a rural area to an urban one. Not knowing many of your neighbors anymore.

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4
Q

Cultural universals

A

Common traits found in every culture mankind has developed. Includes establishment of rules and regulations for orderly living, the establishment of family, and a response to death of another member of the culture.

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5
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

The feeling that one’s culture is superior to others.

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6
Q

Funeral

A

Any type of rites where the body of the deceased is present

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7
Q

Memorial service

A

Any type of rites where the body of the deceased is not present.

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8
Q

Funeral rite

A

All inclusive term to describe either a funeral or memorial service.

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9
Q

Traditional funeral rite

A

Follows a well defined ritual or ceremony which is based on either religious beliefs or the social customs of the family involved.

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10
Q

Adaptive funeral rite

A

When a family chooses to honor the life of their loved one with a funeral rite altered to suit their needs or the trends of the time. Funeral director adjusts their services to meet the needs of the family.

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11
Q

Humanistic funeral rite

A

Any type of funeral rite that is held devoid of any religious connotation.

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12
Q

Immediate disposition

A

The disposition of the body of a deceased without any form of funeral rite at that time.

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13
Q

Primitive funeral rite

A

A rite that can be identified with a pre-literate society.

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14
Q

Four points of reviewing the response of death through sociology..

A

1) the funeral rite itself can be called a social function.
2) the funeral rite is a cultural universal, because some type of response to death can be found in every culture and subculture.
3) to understand how a society buries it’s dead, the funeral director must first examine and understand the social structure of the society
4) funeral rites reflect both modern and contemporary tendencies.

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15
Q

Enculturation (socialization)

A

Process that begins at birth, in witch individuals learn about thoughts and actions of the society in which they will live, work, and later develop families of their own.

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16
Q

Custom

A

A social behavior concerning death as directed by the tradition of the people involved.

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17
Q

Mores

A

“Must behaviors”. basic & important patterns of ideas and acts of people.

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18
Q

Taboos

A

The “must behavior” that tells individuals to abstain from certain dealings with death

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19
Q

Law

A

Procedures involving death that are required, not necessarily by a culture, but by those who govern.

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20
Q

Rules

A

Specific steps and regulations to carry out the laws.

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21
Q

Religion

A

Patterns composed of entrenched behaviors which include sacred beliefs, emotional feelings about those beliefs, And overt conduct that implement those feelings and beliefs.

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22
Q

Ritual (ceremony)

A

Action performed during a rite which may or may not have symbolic meaning to the participants or observers.

23
Q

Patriarchal

A

Male is the dominant governing force in the family. The oldest male makes all of the decisions.

24
Q

Matriarchal

A

Female is the dominant governing force. The oldest female makes the decisions.

25
Q

Egalitarian

A

All members in the family unit have a voice in governing matters and decision making.

26
Q

Extended (joint) Family

A

Made up of father, mother, unmarried children, as well as their married sons, their sons’ wives and their children. Married daughters would belong to the extended family husbands or another family system. Patriarchal in governing style, more self-sufficient, conservative in thought, dress, and actions. When a member dies, it does not threaten the unit to any great extent. Death of a child would be felt less because of the number of children

27
Q

Nuclear family

A

One of the smallest possible family units. Includes mother, father, and their unmarried children. Governing factor in family is not clearly defined, both spouses contribute to decision making w/ added input from children. Economic condition is centered around the total income of the family. More liberal in thought, dress, and actions. The effect of death can result in greater impact because the family is much smaller.

28
Q

Blended family

A

One male, one female, their children from previous marriages and their children togehter. Often poses unique challenges for funeral director.

29
Q

Modified Extended Nuclear Family

A

Can be developed through related nuclear families or by social friendships such as church groups, colleagues at work or neighbors. Interaction results in friends and relatives coming to the family’s aid with food, assistance, and emotional support during funeral.

30
Q

Single parent family

A

Single parent must take on roles of both parents. The death of a single parent member eliminates that family system. Any children living must become part of another family system.

31
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs (from bottom up)

A
  • Physiological (food, water, sleep)
  • Safety (stability & consistency. security of family and home)
  • Love/Belonging ( desire to belong; positive or negative)
  • Esteem (self-esteem from competency or mastery of a task as well as attention & recognition from others)
  • Self-actualization (desire to become everything one is capable of beoming; knowledge, peace & oneness w/ God)
32
Q

In the ideal family, each member develops a sense of ______, ______, & ______.

A

security, discipline & motivation

33
Q

discipline

A

through enculturation, the offspring of the nuclear family learns values attitudes and discipline. Includes attitudes toward death & dying.

34
Q

each family member gives & receives _______, gives members of the family unit direction & creates a sense of belonging.

A

motivation

35
Q

When needs are not met in the family…

A
  • often, funeral rite becomes a mere detail that must be handled
  • sometimes request direct disposal
  • higher suicide rate in these families
  • family aims anger or bad feelings towards funeral director
  • anger may be directed toward deceased, survivors, doctors or nurses
36
Q

Another cause for discontent among family members occurs when attitudes & values of one generation are in conflict with the generation preceding it, examples of this include…

A
  • importance of religion
  • family lifestyles
  • remaining in long term employment situations
  • relocating to different parts of the country
37
Q

possible contributing factors for change in values…

A
  • accelerated maturation

- delayed marriage

38
Q

“death-free generations”

A

younger generations are not exposed to death

39
Q

one factor which may eventually change the family’s responsibility as it concerns the dying process is..

A

the hospice movement

40
Q

hospice movement

A

encourages return of the terminally ill patient to the home for direct care by family members when possible . Also counsels & encourages discussion of oncoming death to aid in acceptance of it.

41
Q

Sociologists credited three processes for bringing about gradual change for modernization

A

1) urbanization
2) industriliztion
3) bureaucratization

42
Q

a shift in population from rural areas to the developing cities in the later part of 19th century.

A

urbanization

43
Q

urbanization caused…

A
  • great impact on the family system
  • led to anonymity for its residents
  • decrease in importance of the individual
44
Q

industrialization

A

a process that emphasizes speed & volume of production of goods. Accomplished by the use of machinery and assembly line labor.

45
Q

the effect of industrialization…

A

increased production but also led to loss of craftsmanship & often alienated worker from their basic skills.

46
Q

bureaucratization

A

brought about additional health regulations & licensure reqirements. Increased role of funeral director to not only serving families, but also make certain that all requirements of the law are fulfilled.

47
Q

bureaucratization brought an end to…

A

church yard cemeteries

48
Q

When selecting a funeral rite, a family may base its decision on 3 areas of socioeconomics:

A

1) freedom of choice
2) class or social level
3) economic position of family

49
Q

Freedom of choice

A

family has option of traditional funeral in funeral home, chapel, or church, graveside services, cremation, immediate disposition or body donation.

50
Q

Class or social level

A

Even though a family changes social class, they bring with them funeral traditions & values of the previous class due to enculturation.

51
Q

social mobility

A

when a family’s class structure changes

52
Q

Economic Positions

A

Careful counseling can help a family to make more economical choices to suit their financial position. A family who buys within their means will be happier and continue to use that particular firm

53
Q

examples of geographical location determining merchandise chosen for funeral…

A
  • -families who come from large lumber producing areas might prefer hardwood caskets
  • -families from industrialized area near steal mills might prefer a metal casket
  • -In many northern states families frequently purchase full couch caskets
  • -In the south, more half couch caskets are used
54
Q

Neo-localism

A

the tendency of people to relocate away from where they were born & raised.

Thanatology (17 decks)

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