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SHB - Exam 1 > Shoulder, Breast, & Pectoral Region > Flashcards

Shoulder, Breast, & Pectoral Region Flashcards

1
Q

The superior surface of the clavicle is an attachment point for which four muscles?

A
  1. Sternocleidomastoid
  2. Trapezius
  3. Pectoralis Major
  4. Deltoid
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2
Q

Which muscle(s) attach to the greater tubercle? Lesser tubercle?

A

Greater Tubercle = Sit muscles

  1. Supraspinatus - Suprascapular N.
  2. Infraspinatus - Suprascapular N.
  3. Teres Minor - axillary N.

Lesser Tubercle = Subscapularis Muscle (sits on the subscapular fossa) - [Subscapular N]
- Teres Major

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3
Q

Pectoralis Major Muscle

A

O: Medial half of clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages of ribs, anterior layer of rectus sheath
I: Intertubercular Sulcus of Humerus
A: Flex and Adducts Arm, rotats medially*
N: Medial and Lateral Pectoral Nerves
B: Pectoral Branch of Thoracro

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4
Q

Pectoralis Minor Muscle

A

O: Surface of upper margin of ribs
I: Coracoid Process of Scapula
A: lowers lateral angle of scapula and protracts scapula
N: Medial pectoral Nerve

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5
Q

Subclavius Muscle

A

O:Upper border of 1st rib
I: Middle third of clavicle
A: DEPRESSION of the clavicle*, stabilizes the clavicle
N: Nerve to Subclavius

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6
Q

Serratus Anterior

A 
O: Surface of 8-9 ribs
I: Costal surface of medial border of scapula 
A: PRIMARY STABILIZER of the SCAPULA
N: Long Thoracic Nerve
B: Lateral Thoracic Artery
* Winged Scapula arises when this is cut
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7
Q

What six muscles originate from the Scapula?

A
  1. Deltoid
  2. Subscapularis
  3. Supraspinatus
  4. Infraspinatus
  5. Teres Minor
  6. Teres Major
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8
Q

Deltoid Muscle

A

** CANNOT initiate abduction of the humerus (this is supraspinatus muscle)
O: Scapula, clavicle, acromion
I: Deltoid Tuberosity of Humerus
A: Abduction past the first 15-20 degrees
- flexion, internal rotation and extension
N: Axillary Nerve (same as for Teres Minor)
B: Deltoid Branch of thoracoacromial trunk

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9
Q

Teres Major

A 
O: Inferior angle of Scapula
I: Lesser tubercle of Humerus
A: medial rotation of the humerus, weak adduction 
N:  Lower Subscapular Nerve
B: Circumflex Scapular A.
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10
Q

Teres Minor

A 
O: Lateral Border of Scapula
I: Greater tubercle of Humerus
A: Laterally rotates arm (external) + weak adduction and extension
N: Axillary Nerve
B: Circumflex Scapular A.
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11
Q

What are the rotator cuff muscles?

A

SItS

  1. Supraspinatus
  2. Infraspinatus
  3. Teres Minor
  4. Subscapularis
    - hold the head of humerus in glenoid cavity
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12
Q

Supraspinatus Muscle

A 
O: Supraspinous fossa of Scapula
I: Greater Tuberacle 
A: initiates ABDuction for first 15-20 degrees
N: Suprascapular Nerve
B: Suprascapular Artery
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13
Q

Infraspinatus Muscle

A 
O: Infraspinous fossa of Scapula
I: Greater Tubercle
A: Lateral Rotation of Arm (with Teres Minor)
N: Suprascapular N.
A: Suprascapular Artery
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14
Q

Subscapularis Muscle

A 
O: Subscapular Fossa of Scapula
I: Lesser Tubercle of Humerus
A: Medial rotation of humerus
N: Upper and Lower Subscapular Nerve
B: Subscapular Artery
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15
Q

What structures create the border for the Quadrangular Space? What runs through this space?

A
  • teres minor (S), teres major (i), long head of triceps (M) & humerus (L)
  • Axillary Nerve (teres minor & deltoid)
  • Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery
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16
Q

What structures create the border for the Triangular Space? What runs through this space?

A

Teres minor, Teres Major, Long Head of Triceps

- circumflex scapular artery (branch off the sub scapular artery along with thoracodorsal)

17
Q

What structures create the border for the Triangular Interval? What runs through this space?

A

Teres Major, Long head of Triceps (medially), Lateral head of Triceps (laterally)

  • radial nerve
  • profunda brachii (deep brachial artery)
18
Q

What is impingement syndrome? What is it associated with?

A

Rubbing and clicking of shoulder on overhead motion

- associated with tendinitis and rotator cuff problems

19
Q

What injury results in the inability to raise shoulder?

A

Rotator Cuff Tear

20
Q

What is the name for the extension of the Subclavian Artery once it hits the first rib?
What are the blood vessels that arise from it?

A 
Axillary artery - pectoralis minor muscle is the point of reference
Divided into three parts:
1. Superior Thoracic Artery
2. Under PEC MINOR, two branches:
a) Thoracoacromial Trunk
Acromial
Pectoral
Clavicular
Deltoid
b) Lateral Thoracic Artery 
3.  a) Subscapular Artery 
- Circumflex Scapular (triangular space)
- Thoracodorsal  (to latissimuss dorsi)
b) Anterior Circumflex Humeral Artery
c) Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery (quad. space)
21
Q

What is found in the areolae?

A

Sebaceous Glands

- AKA areolar glands (glands of Montgomery)

22
Q

Where do lactiferous ducts open?

A

The tips of the nipple

23
Q

What is a lobule and how many per breast?

What separates one lobule from another?

A

Breast tissue which is drained by 1 lactiferous duct

  • separated by suspensory ligaments
  • 15-20 lobules per breast
24
Q

What is the arterial supply for the breast?

A
  1. Internal Thoracic Artery
  2. Lateral Thoracic Artery and Thoracoacromial Arteries
  3. Posterior Intercostal Arteries
25
Q

What is the name of the lymph drains of the breast?

A

Axillary Lymph Nodes

26
Q

The most frequent area of breast cancer is located where?

A

Superior - lateral (upper left hand side near armpit)

27
Q

5 main categories of lymph nodes where the breast drains to

A

CLASP - central, lateral, apical, subscapular, pectoral Nodes

28
Q

If one cannot raise or abduct the arm, which muscle is likely to be injured?

A

Supraspinatus

29
Q

If an occlusion forms in the axillary artery, can an individual still have a radial pulse?

A

Yes,

Suprascapular Artery and Circumflex Scapular Artery

30
Q

What pierces the clavipectoral fascia?

A

TLC

  • thoracoacromial trunk
  • lateral pectoral nerve
  • cephalic vein

SHB - Exam 1 (14 decks)

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