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SHB - Exam 1 > Ligaments of the shoulder, elbow, and wrist > Flashcards

Ligaments of the shoulder, elbow, and wrist Flashcards

1
Q

What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?

A
  1. Multiaxial
  2. synovial
  3. ball & socket joint

*most easily dislocated joint

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2
Q

What type of movement occurs at the glenohumeral joint?

A

flexion/extension, adduction/abduction, protraction/retraction, CIRCUMDUCTION*

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3
Q

What are the three ligaments of the glenohumeral joint?

A
  1. coracohumeral lig. - coracoid process to greater tub. of humerus
  2. glenohumeral lig - supraglenoid tub to lesser tub of humerus
  3. transverse humeral lig. - spans greater and lesser tuber. of humerus and holds the LONG head of the BICEPS in place
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4
Q

What is the glenoid labrum?

A

Fibrocartilaginous ligament around the glenoid cavity (deepens socket)

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5
Q

What is the purpose of a bursae and what are the three areas of the shoulder that have a bursae?

A

Purpose: greater ease of movement

  1. Subacromial
  2. Subdeltoid
  3. Subscapular (sADS)
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6
Q

What runs over the superior transverse scapular ligament?

A

The suprascapular artery (nerve runs through the suprascapular notch)

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7
Q

What type of joint is the Acromioclavicular Joint (AC)?

A
  1. synovial

2. PLANAR joint

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8
Q

What type of movement occurs at the AC joint?

A

gliding movement as arm is raised and scapula rotates

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9
Q

What two ligaments are found within the AC joint?

A
  1. Acromioclavicular lig.- acromion to clavicle

2. Coracoclavicular lig. - stabilize clavicle/reinforce joint

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10
Q

What type of joint is the humero-ulnar joint? What type of movement does it allow?

A
  1. synovial
  2. HINGE joint
  3. UNIaxial

Movement: flexion/extension * hence hinge

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11
Q

What ligament is found at the humero-ulnar joint? What does it connect?

A

Ulnar Collateral Ligament

  • connects MEDIAL epicondyle to Coronoid process and olecranon
  • triangular

(often tagged)

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12
Q

What type of joint is the humeroradial joint? What is its purpose?

A

Joint capsule - surrounds capitulum and head of radius

Purpose: posterolateral stability (rel. weak)

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13
Q

The tendons of what muscles help stabilize the shoulder joint? (glenohumeral)

A

SItS muscles of the rotator cuff

  1. Supraspinatus
  2. Infraspinatus
  3. Teres MINOR
  4. Subscapularis
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14
Q

What ligament is found within the humeoradial joint? What does it connect?

A

Radial Collateral Ligament

  • connects LATERAL epicondyle to radial notch of ulna and annular ligament
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15
Q

What kind of joint is the Proximal Radio-Ulnar Joint? What important movement does it permit?

A
  1. Synovial
  2. Uniaxial
  3. PIVOT joint
  • allows PRONATION/SUPINATION
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16
Q

What ligament is found within the Proximal Radio-Ulnar joint? What is its purpose?**

A

Annular Ligament

Purpose: surrounds Radial Head and radial notch of Ulna –> keeps head of radius in notch

17
Q

What fibrous joint (syndesmosis) connects the Radius and Ulna and divides the forearm into the anterior and posterior compartments?

A

Interosseus Membrane

18
Q

What membrane of the forearm serves as site of muscle attachments for both anterior (FDP, FPL) & posterior compartment (AbPL, EPL, EPB, EI) muscles

A

Interosseus Membrane is the attachment for

  1. Flexor Digitorum Profundus
  2. Flexor Pollicis Longus
  3. Abductor Pollicis Longus
  4. Extensor Pollicis Brevis
  5. Extensor Pollicis Longus
  6. Extensor Indices
19
Q

What kind of a joint is the Distal Radio-Ulnar Joint? What movement does it allow?

A
  1. Synovial
  2. Uniaxial
    (extends from ulnar head around ulnar notch of radius)

Allows pronation and supination at the WRIST

20
Q

What ligaments are found at the Distal Radio-Ulnar Joint? What does it connect?

A

Palmar & Dorsal Radioulnar Ligaments

Connects: radius and ulna, articular disc of Ulna binds bones together

21
Q

What type of joint is the RadioCarpal Joint? What movement does it allow?

A
  1. Synovial
  2. Biaxial
  3. ELLIPSOID joint (movement in 2 planes) aka condyloid*

Movement: flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, CIRCUMDUCTION

(no retraction/protraction like the humerus)

22
Q

What joint extends from radius to scaphoid, lunate & triquetrum

A

RadioCarpal Joint (palmar and dorsal radiocarpal ligaments )

23
Q

What strong/stabilizing ligament connects the radius to scaphoid, lunate & triquetrum?

A

Palmar Radiocarpal Ligament (volar)

24
Q

What weak ligament connects the radius to scaphoid, lunate & triquetrum?

A

Dorsal Radiocarpal Ligament

25
Q

What type of joints are the Intercarpal Joints?What movement does it permit?

A
  1. Synovial
  2. PLANE joins

Movement: sliding/gliding

26
Q

What type of joint is the Carpometacarpal Joint? Movement?

A
  1. Synovial
  2. PLANE joint (except thumb)

Movement: gliding/sliding

*dorsal ligament is the strongest

27
Q

Where would one find the TMZ joint?

A

The trapeziometacarpal Joint is found at the THUMB

28
Q

What type of joint is the TMZ/thumb joint? Movement?

A
  1. Biaxial
  2. SADDLE joint

Movement: flex/extend, adduction/abduct, OPPOSITION of thumb

29
Q

What type of joints are the Metacarpophalangeal Joints? Movement?

A
  1. Synovial
  2. Biaxial
  3. CONDYLOID (ellipsoid)

M: flex/extend, adduct/abduct, CIRCUMDUCTION of individual fingers

30
Q

What type of joint are the INTERphalangeal Joints? Movement?

A
  1. Synovial
  2. Uniaxial

M: ONLY FLEX AND EXTEND

  • -collaterals [med/lat] are oriented to prevent side to side movement (abd/add)
  • palmar lig. prevent HYPERextension
31
Q

What ligaments and discs are found at the Ulnar-Carpal Joint?

A
  1. Ulnocarpal ligament - styloid process of ULNA to medial side of TRIQUETRAL bone (dorsal) and the pisiform & flexor retinaculum (palmar)
  2. Articular disc- covers distal end of ulna.
  3. Ulnar collateral ligament- ulna to triquetral & pisiform bones **helps stabilize proximal row of carpals
32
Q

On an x-ray there is a gap between the Ulna and the Carpal bones: True or False?

A

TRUE

  • the Articular Disc is found in between this space
33
Q

What articulates with the scaphoid and lunate?

A

RADIUS

SHB - Exam 1 (14 decks)

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