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SHB - Exam 1 > Hand > Flashcards

Hand Flashcards

1
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi

A

(most lateral)
O: Pisiform Bone & tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris
I: base of PROXIMAL phalanx of little finger (5th digit)
A: Abduction of pinky
N: Ulnar N. (deep branch)

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2
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

A 
(medial)
O: Flexor Retinaculum, hook of hamate 
I: base of Proximal Phalanx (same as abductor)
A: Flexion of proximal phalanx of pinky
N: Ulnar N. (deep branch)
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3
Q

Opponens Digiti Minimi

A 
(found under the abductor digit minimi)
O: Flexor Retinaculum & hook of hamate 
I: palmar surface of 5th metacarpal
A: Opposition of the little finger 
(draws pinky anteriorly + rotates to face thumb)
N: MEDIAN N.
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4
Q

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

A 
(most lateral)
O: Flexor retinaculum, tubercles of SCAPHOID and Trapezium
I: base of proximal phalanx of thumb
A: abducts thumb 
N: Median Nerve (recurrent branch)
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5
Q

1/2 LOAF

A

MEDIAN nerve innervates the 1st and 2nd lumbricals and the opponent pollicis, abductor pollicis brevis, and flexor pollicis brevis

(the rest of the intrinsic muscles of the hand = ULNAR N. _

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6
Q

Flexor Pollicis Brevis

A 
(medial)
O:Flexor Retinaculum, tubercle of TRAPEZIUM
I: base of proximal phalanx of thumb
A: Flexion of Proximal phalanx of thumb
N: Median N (recurrent branch)
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7
Q

Opponens Pollicis

A

(underneath the abductor pollicis brevis)
O: flexor retinaculum and tubercle of trapezium [ same as flexor p.brevis]
I: 1st metacarpal**
A: draws thumb forward and rotates medially
N: Median N. (recurrent branch)

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8
Q

ADDuctor Pollicis

A

has 2 heads - oblique and transverse
O: oblique: bases of 2nd 3rd metacarpals +capitate
transverse: surface of 3rd metacarpal (middle f.)
I: base of proximal phalanx (medial side)
A: adducts thumb
N: Ulnar Nerve**

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9
Q

Dorsal Interossei

A

DABS (4 of them)

O: on both sides of metacarpal bones
I: base of proximal phalanges, EXTENSOR EXPANSION HOOD of fingers 2-4
A: Abducts fingers AWAY from midline
-flex at MCP joints, extend at DIP and PIP
N: Ulnar N. (deep branch)

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10
Q

Palmar Interossei

A

PAD (only 3 - on 2, 4, 5)

O: Sides of metacarpals 2, 4, 5
I: extensor expansion hood and base of proximal phalanx
A: ADDuct fingers 2,4,5 TO midline
-flex at MCP joints, extend at DIP and PIP
N: Ulnar N. (deep branch)

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11
Q

Palmaris Brevis

A

(rarely seen, unimportant)

Superficial branch of Ulnar nerve innervates

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12
Q

1st and 2nd Lumbricals

A

O: lateral 2 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
I: Extensor Expansion HOOD of digits 2, 3
A: flex at MCP (metacarpal) joints, extend at DIP and PIP (distal and proximal)
N: Median N. (digital branches)

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13
Q

3rd and 4th Lumbricals

A

O: medial 3 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
I: Extensor Expansion HOOD of digits 4, 5
A: flex at MCP joints, extend at DIP and PIP
N: Ulnar N. (deep branch)

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14
Q

Name the carpal bones

A

So Long To Pinky, Here Comes The Thumb

Scaphoid (most often fractured)
Lunate (most dislocated)
Triquetrum
Pisiform
Hamate
Capitate
Trapezoid
Trapezium
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15
Q

Superficialis Splits in two,

To Permit Profundus Passing through.

A

Superficialis Digitorum splits and Profundus continues to the Distal Phalanx

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16
Q

Why is Brachioradialis such an odd muscle?

A

Function: Its the Beer Raising muscle, flexes elbow, strongest
when wrist is oriented like holding a beer.

Innervation: Breaks Rule: it’s a flexor muscle, But Radial.

Important relation: Behind it is the Radial nerve in the cubital
fossa.

Attachment: Attaches to Bottom of Radius.

17
Q

Cubital fossa contents “N-MAN”:

A 
From lateral to medial:
Nerve
Muscle
Artery
Nerve
1. radial Nerve 2. biceps Muscle  tendon, 3. brachial Artery 4.  median Nerve.
18
Q

Where does the extensor retinaculum attach?

A

Laterally to radius, medially to pisiform and triquetrum

19
Q

Where does the flexor retinaculum attach?

A

Laterally - hook of hamate and pisiform

Medially - scaphoid tubercle and ridge of trapezium

20
Q

What are the 10 components that pass through the transverse carpal ligament (flexor retinaculum)

A
  1. Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (4)
  2. Flexor Digitorum Profundus (4)
  3. Flexor Pollicis Longus (1)
  4. MEDIAN Nerve

(flexor carpi radialis lies superficial)

21
Q

What are the causes and results of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

A

Causes: excessive exercise, infection, fluid retention

Symptoms: thenar wasting, paresthesia(tingling)/hypoesthesia/anesthesia of lateral 3 1/2 fingers
** ADDUCTION is spared (since innervated by ulnar nerve)

22
Q

What are the components of the extensor expansion hood?

A
  1. Lumbricals
  2. Interossei (PAD/DABS)
  3. Extensor Digitorum**
23
Q

The common palmar digital arteries pass between what? The proper palmar digital arteries?

A
  • Metacarpals

- either sides of digits 2-5

24
Q

Which artery becomes the superficial palmar arch?

A

Ulnar Artery

25
Q

The deep branch of the ulnar artery passes between what two muscles?

A
  1. abductor digiti minimi

2. flexor digiti minimi

26
Q

The deep palmar arch is formed by which artery?

A

Radial Artery

USRD

27
Q

The radial artery supplies blood vessels for the 1st and 2nd digits. What are these vessels called?

A 
The Radial artery passes between 2 dorsal interossei** then becomes:
PRINCEPS Pollicis (medial side of thumb )
&
Radialis Indicis (lateral side of 2nd digit)
28
Q

The palmar cutaneous branch provides sensation to the skin of the central palm from the ______ nerve.

A

Median

(ulnar N. to the medial side of the palm)

29
Q

What nerve is responsible for the common palmar digital nerves and then the proper palmar digital nerves?

A

Ulnar Nerve (superficial branch)

30
Q

Name the six muscles innervated by the Deep Branch of the Ulnar Nerve:

A
  1. Palmaris Brevis
  2. Hypothenar
  3. 3rd and 4th Lumbricals
  4. Dorsal Interossei
  5. Palmar Interossei
  6. Adductor Pollicis Muscles
31
Q

Which nerve is ONLY cutaneous in the hand?

A

Radial Nerve

32
Q

Claw Hand is due to ______ nerve palsy. What are some of the symptoms?

A

ULNAR nerve palsy

  1. Weakness in most intrinsic hand muscles (especially lumbricals 3 and 4)
  2. unopposed activity of extensor digitorum
  3. hyperextension of 4th and 5th MCP jnt.
  4. flexion of PIP and DIP
  5. lose ability to spread fingers –> interossei
33
Q

Ape Hand is due to _____ nerve palsy. What are the symptoms?

A

MEDIAN nerve palsy

  • wasting of thenar muscles
  • inability to oppose/abduct thumb

(lose of million dollar nerve)

34
Q

Hand of benedictine is due to proximal injuries of what nerve? What are some Symptoms?

A

Median Nerve
- no flexion of MCP at digits 2-3
- no flexion/extension PIP and DIP
(due to loss of innervation of 2 LUMBRICALS)
+ lateral half of flexor digitorum profundus
- extensor digitorum is unopposed (fingers 2 and 3 can’t make a fist)

35
Q

Wrist Drop is due to an injury where and to which nerve?

A

Proximal injury at or below the elbow

  • damages the RADIAL nerve
  • loss of wrist extensor innervation in forearm
36
Q

What causes Dupuytren’s Contracture?

A

Fibrosus of Aponeurosis – results in flexion at MCP (can’t extend after***)

37
Q

What is the function of the synovial sheath?

A

Allows the tendons to slide past one another

SHB - Exam 1 (14 decks)

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