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SHB - Exam 1 > Anterior Triangle of the Neck > Flashcards

Anterior Triangle of the Neck Flashcards

1
Q

At what vertebral levels are the following structures:

  1. Mandible
  2. Hyoid Bone
  3. Thyroid Cartilage
  4. Cricoid Cartilage
  5. Jugular Notch
A
  1. Mandible - C2
  2. Hyoid Bone - C3
  3. Thyroid Cartilage - C4
  4. Cricoid Cartilage - C6
  5. Jugular Notch - T2
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2
Q

What are the boundaries of the carotid triangle?

A
  1. ant. border of SCM
  2. Omohyoid M.
  3. Post. belly of Digastric Muscle
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3
Q

What are the boundaries of the Anterior triangle?

A
  1. SCM
  2. Midline of Neck
  3. Mandible
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4
Q

What are the boundaries of the submandibular triangle?

A
  1. Pos. Belly of Digastric
  2. Ant. Belly of Digastric
  3. lower border of Mandible
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5
Q

What is the most superficial fascia? What muscles does it enclose?

A

ENVELOPING/ INVESTING FASCIA

  • divides to envelope Trapezius and SCM
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6
Q

What is the space between the Pre-Vertebral Fascia and the Buccopharangeal fascia?

A

Retropharangeal Space

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7
Q

What fascia contains most of the viscera?

A

Pre-tracheal fascia

contains:
1. thyroid gland
2. trachea
3. larynx
4. esophogus

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8
Q

What fascia extends over the scalene muscles, legator scapulae, and splenius muscles?

A

Pre-vertebral fascia

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9
Q

What four structures are within the Carotid Sheath?

A
  1. Common Carotid A.
  2. Internal Carotid A.
  3. Internal Jugular Vein
  4. VAGUS NERVE
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10
Q

What innervates the two bellies of the digastric muscles?

A

Ant - CN V

Pos - CN VII

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11
Q

What are the strap muscles? What are they innervated by?

A
  1. Omohyoid
  2. Sternohyoid
  3. Sternothyroid
  4. Thyroid

All innervated by Ansa Cervicalis (C1-C3) except for Thyroid which is innervated by a diff branch of C1

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12
Q

What muscles are innervated by the Trigeminal Nerve CN V?

A

Mylohyoid and Ant. Belly of Digastric M.

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13
Q

What muscles are innervated by the Fascial Nerve CN VII?

A

Stylohyoid and Pos. Belly of Digastric M.

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14
Q

What muscles are innervated by the Vagus Nerve CNX?

A

Cricothyroid - tightens the vocal chords to speak

& intrinsic muscles of the larynx –> Superior Larangeal and Recurrent

** Palatoglossus

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15
Q

What three muscles are innervated by Hypolglossal nerve CN XII?

A
  1. Genioglossus
  2. hyoglossus
  3. Styloglossus
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16
Q

What are the scalene muscles innervated by?

A

Cervical Nerves –> Ventral Rami

17
Q

Levator scapula is innervated by what?

A

Cr-C5 and Dorsal Scapulary Nerve

18
Q

Splenius and other back muscles are innervated by:

A

Cervical nerves –> Dorsal Rami

19
Q

What is the blood supply to the inferior part of the neck?

A

Subclavian

20
Q

What is the blood supply to the SUPERIOR part of the neck?

A

External Carotid Artery

SALFORMS

21
Q

What are the different parts of the External Carotid Artery?

A

SALFORMS

1 = (S) Superior thyroid artery 
2 = (A) Ascending pharyngeal 
3 = (L) Lingual - tongue
4 = (F) Facial. 
5 = (O) Occipital – to back
6 = (R) Posterior AuRicular – back of ear
7 = (M) Maxillary – terminal branch
8 = (S) Superficial temporal – terminal branch
22
Q

What nerve is found between the Common Carotid A. and the Internal Jugular Vein?

A

Vagus Nerve

23
Q

What are the SUPRAHYOID muscles?

A
  1. Digastric (V, VII)
  2. mylohyoid (V)
  3. geniohyoid (C1)
  4. stylohyoid (VII)
  5. hyoglossus (XII)
24
Q

What are the the four INFRAHYOID muscles? What is their function?

A

STRAP MUSCLES

fx: move the HYOID BONE
1. Omohyoid
2. Sternohyoid
3. Sternothyroid
4. Thyrohyoid –> C1 innervates!!!

First three : C1-3, ansa cervicales
25
Q

The ascending pharyngeal artery is a branch of which artery?

A

External Carotid Artery

26
Q

On CT your patient shoes a large spur on the C3 pedicle that is compressing the nerve between C3 and C4.
Which muscle would you suspect would have some weakeness?

A

Diaphragm

27
Q

Which cranial nerves innervate structures in the neck?

A

CNV - anterior belly of the digastric m. + mylohyoid)
CNVII – posterior belly of digastric +stylohoid
CNX – cricothyroid muscle of the larynx
CNXI – spinal accessory  SCM + trap
CNXII – hyoglossus

28
Q

Your patient comes to the ER with an arrow piercing the crycoid cartilage. Which vertebra is most likely to be in the CT when viewed in the transverse plane?

A

C6

29
Q

What Cranial Nerve(s) are responsible for:

  1. Swallowing
  2. Talking
  3. Chewing
A
  1. IX and X (9 and 10)
  2. X
  3. V3 (MASTICATION)
30
Q

If you were to sever the sympathetic chain ganglia what would be the result?

A

Horner’s Syndrome

  1. Miosis (constriction of pupils)
  2. Ptosis (droopy eyelid)
  3. Anhydrosis (lack of sweating of the face)
31
Q

What is the exception to the rule for the Autonomic System and is it Parasympathetic or Sympathetic?

A

SPLANCHNICS
- SYMPATHETIC
-. don’t synapse at the chain ganglia but instead synapse in near the target organ
(acting like parasympathetics)

32
Q

Does the sympathetic or parasympathetic system follow the carotid artery?

A

SYMPATHETIC (follows Carotid to the head)

33
Q

What are the innervations of

  1. Styloglossus
  2. Stylohyoid
  3. Stylopharyngeus
A
  1. 12
  2. 7 (stylohyoid is pierced by the posterior belly of the digastric muscle)
  3. 9
34
Q

What nerve pierces the superficial temporal artery (usually splits)

A

Auriculotemporal Nerve

35
Q

Which Cranial Nerve moves the tongue to one side?

A

12

SHB - Exam 1 (14 decks)

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