Shoulder and elbow problems Flashcards
teens/20’s - shoulder
fracture and instability
30’s+40’s - shoulder
rotator cuff, capsulitis and frozen shoulder
50’s+60’s - shoulder
impingement and AC joint
70’s+ shoulder
degenerative
upper limb fractures
young - high energy eg sport, RTA
elderly osteoporotic injury
Traumatic shoulder dislocation - why is it common?
most mobile joint so stability is sacrificed
anterior, posterior and inferior % of shoulder dislocation
anterior - 90%
posterior - 9%
inferior - 1%
bankart lesion
torn labrum
treatment of shoulder dislocation
manipulation, immobilisation, physio, arthroscopic surgery
Subacromial impingement
middle age, painful arc in abduction
Pathology of subacromial impingement
decreased volume of subacromial space eg spur on bone
increased size of contents eg bursa or swollen tendon
3 treatment options for subacromial impingement
subacromial steroid injection
physio
arthroscopic subacromial decompression
frozen shoulder
inject steroid –> surgery
inflamed synovium
PAIN - STIFFNESS - THAWING
2 causes of rotator cuff tear
traumatic or degenerative
Treatment of acute rotator cuff tear
early surgery
treatment of chronic rotator cuff tear
surgery if symptoms
3 types of shoulder arthritis
OA
inflammatory
post-traumatic
young elbow injuries
fracture and dislocation
middle aged elbow problems
tendinopathies
elderly elbow problems
degenerative
any age - elbow problems
cubital tunnel syndrome
nerve involved in cubital tunnel syndrome
ulnar
golfers elbow
inside of forearm pain, flexor muscles on medial epicondyle
tennis elbow
outside of forearm pain, extensor muscles on lateral epicondyle
Treatment for tendinopathies - golfer/tennis elbow
take bloods, centrifuge and inject platelet rich plasma
horse achilles tendon
