Anatomy of the shoulder and arm

Question 1

What makes up the shoulder girdle?

Answer 1

scapula, clavicle and muscles

Question 2

Where do the muscles that move the scapula attach?

Answer 2

trunk

Question 3

serratus anterior attachment and function

Answer 3

medial border of scapula

protracts and stabilises pectoral girdle

Question 4

2 muscles responsible for adduction

Answer 4

pec major and serratus anterior

Question 5

As the humerus abducts the scapula rotates…

Answer 5

upwards

Question 6

what muscle gives the contour of the shoulder and what is its main movement?

Answer 6

deltoid

abduction

Question 7

triceps brachii function

Answer 7

extend arm and forearm

Question 8

where does biceps brachii attach?consequence of this

Answer 8

scapula to the radius

supination

Question 9

brachialis is a strong flexor or extensor of elbow?

Answer 9

flexor

Question 10

When is brachioradialis a strong flexor?

Answer 10

midpronated

Question 11

How can the radius move around the ulna?

Answer 11

articulating at superior and inferior radioulnar joints

Question 12

biceps brachii supination antagonist

Answer 12

pronator teres and quadratus

Question 13

3 muscles attaching to greater tuberosity of humerus

Answer 13

SIT
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor

Question 14

What muscle attaches to greater tuberosity of humerus?

Answer 14

subscapularis

Question 15

3 functions of clavicle

Answer 15

support shoulder
protect brachial plexus
attachment of muscles

Question 16

Name some muscles that attach to the clavicle

Answer 16

SCM 
sternohyoid 
subclavius
trapezius 
deltoid 
pec major

Question 17

Name the clavicle ligaments

Answer 17

coracoclavicular

coracoacromial

Question 18

What is a bankart lesion?

Answer 18

injury of anterior glenoid labrum due to shoulder dislocation

Question 19

Describe the glenoid labrum

Answer 19

fibrocartilage elevating glenoid edge
doubles glenoid depth and increase SA
chock block limiting glenohumeral transition

Question 20

When can axillary nerve be injured? (2)

Answer 20

shoulder dislocation

fracture of surgical neck of humerus

Question 21

Axillary nerve injury signs

Answer 21

weak deltoid

sensory loss in badge area

Question 22

4 rotator cuff muscles

Answer 22

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis

Question 23

Rotator cuff function

Answer 23

protect
give stability
hold humerus head against glenoid cavity in movements

Question 24

only rotator cuff muscle which is not a rotator of the shoulder?

Answer 24

supraspinatus

Question 25

overall ratio of glenohumeral and scapulothoracic movement

Answer 25

2:1

Question 26

3 bones and 2 articulation of elbow joint

Answer 26

humerus, ulna, radius | humeroulnar and humeroradial

Question 27

attachments of ulnar collateral ligaements

Answer 27

medial epicondyle to coronoid process and olecranon

Question 28

Attachments of radial collateral ligaments

Answer 28

lateral epicondye and blends with annular ligament

Question 29

3 flexors of elbow

Answer 29

brachialis, biceps and brachioradialis

Question 30

3 extensors of elbow

Answer 30

triceps, anconeus and gravity

Question 31

shoulder flexion - 4 muscles

Answer 31

pec major coracobrachialis biceps anterior deltoid

Question 32

Shoulder extension - 3 muscles

Answer 32

teres major lats posterior deltoid

Question 33

shoulder abduction - 2 muscles

Answer 33

middle deltoid | supraspinatus

Question 34

shoulder adduction - 2 muscles

Answer 34

pec major | lats

Question 35

medial rotation of shoulder - 2 muscles

Answer 35

teres major and subscapularis

Question 36

lateral rotation of shoulder - 2 muscles

Answer 36

teres minor and infraspinatus

Question 37

superior and inferior radioulnar joint types

Answer 37

uniaxial synovial pivot

Question 38

middle radioulnar joint

Answer 38

syndemosis | fibrous

Question 39

3 pronators

Answer 39

pronator quadratus and teres | gravity

Question 40

When is supinator muscle active?

Answer 40

slow unresisted movements

Question 41

Weakness in serratus anterior can lead to...

Answer 41

winging of scapula