Shampoo Flashcards
is basically water and detergent mixtures.
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Other ingredients such as ……, may or may not be added
.
The primary objective of shampoo is to….
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……….. is rarely an indicator of detergent concentration or quality.
.
Cost is mostly about ……
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Shampoos for oily hair ….. detergent at the same concentration as shampoos for dry hair
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The difference may be reduced amount of oil or conditioning agent in oily hair shampoo, or the difference may even just be the packaging.
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The thickness of the shampoo is not an
P
Do not be swayed on buying a shampoo for the additional ingredients like herbal extracts, proteins etc. Frankly, these will not do much.
O
Many of the health related additives associated with these claims are added to support a product image and have no real effect.
O
Shampoo must clean at
L
It should cleanse the scalp thoroughly with
P
It must develop a ……. that can be easily rinsed.
L
It should have enough viscosity (2000cps) so that it
P
It should be simple to apply, two in one shampoo is …..as a separate shampoo and conditioner.
L
The hair should be left ……
.
The shampoo should rinse away easily and ,….
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The shampoo should …..irritating to scalp skin.
.
Shampoo must satisfy the tastes in ……
.
Soap versus detergent shampoos:
P
Detergents are preferred over soap because of:
L
Types of detergents used in shampoo:
P
Anionic
O
Soaps
O
Alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates:
O
Alpha olefin sulfonates (AOS)
O
Sulfosuccinate
O
Typically potassium and ammonium salts of oleic and coconut fatty acids.
P
The problem with Soaps is…
L
facilitating soil removal as a result of mutual charge repulsion.
O
Act by adsorbing to soiled particles and the surfaces of substrate imparting negative charges on both,
O
Lauryl (ammonium, sodium, triethanolamine and diethanolamine) and laureth (sodium and ammonium) sulfates.
O
Are highly stable against hydrolysis at alkaline pHs
P
is not very soluble at low temperatures
O
solubility increases substantially with temperatures
O
solubility increases by addition of …
.
ethylene oxide
L
laureth sulfate)
L
The main problems in these two surfactants are:
O
The produced lather
L
The formed lather …
L
That why a secondary surfactant is added to…..
L
alkanolamides
L
foam booster.
O
Are less expensive than SLS
L
more soluble than SLS
L
exhibit excellent stability over a wide pH range including the low pH
L
The foaming properties are …… to those of the alkyl, alkyl ether sulfates and AOS
.
Combine with other detergents to,……
L
slight skin and eye irritation
O
slight conditioning
O
improved lathering
O
used in baby shampoo
L
Cationics
L
Cationics:
Limited use because:
O
inferior foaming properties
O
their ability to strongly bind to the hair’s negatively charged surface
O
difficulty to remove during rinsing.
O
This result in increased attraction of ……..to the hair and the potential for re- soiling.
L
Nonionic surfactants:
O
superior as detergent but have inferior foaming characteristics
O
used extensively as foam modifier,
O
viscosity builders,
O
solubilizing aids
O
conditioning agents
O
co-surfactant
O
Amphoterics
O
Amphoterics:
Have a very low …..
L
Amphoterics Should avoid low …..
.
cocoamphopropionate
O
What are harsh detergent shampoos
O
What are the mildest detergent shampoos?
O
sodium sulfates
L
ammonium lauryl sulfatesl
L
are cheap
O
good cleaning job
O
not be appropriate unless you have normal to oily hair
O
These types of cleaning agents are most frequently found in baby shampoos
P
sorbitol esters,
.
tween
O
polyglyceryl ether.
O
alkyl amino acids.
O
There are some factors that may affect the cleansing process:
O
negative charge on hair structure
O
hydrophobicity of hair
O
uneven distribution of negatively charged sites due to exposure to sunlight and other oxidizing agents
O
The soils need to be cleaned up are two types:
O
Solid particulates coming from the environment which include …..s (soot, clays, or rubber abraded from automobile tires)
.
Oily or liquid deposits coming from ….
L
Mechanisms of cleansing of oily soils:
O
Roll-back mechanism
O
Solubilization of soils
O
Emulsification
O
The detergent is adsorbed to the hair surface,
O
This is accomplished inside the micelles …… the CMC.
L
Anionic surfactants have ….. CMC values than nonionics because of the repulsion between adjacent surfactant heads
.
Nonionic surfactants have a …… solubilization capacity than anionics.
.
Nonionic micelles tend to have …… aggregation numbers than anionics (more room in the micelle interior to solubilize oily soils).
.
Surfactant is adsorbed onto the oily soil particles, break them down into
L
