Nail Cosmetics Flashcards
WHAT IS AN ATTRACTIVE NAIL?
.
The ideal nail polish application procedure includes three layers:
L
1.Base coat:
L
2.Nail polish:
L
3.Top coat:
L
This is the first layer to be applied
L
It
is transparent with a strong adhering capability due to higher resin content.
L
It protects the nail plate from staining.
L
A plethora of colors are available,
L
The expertise of
the nail technician provides various styles of nail
polish application, of which the “French nail
manicure” is very popular.
;
This transparent layer contains more of
nitrocellulose and less resin, so as to protect the
varnish from chipping.
.
Nail Polish Formulation
.
Nail lacquer system
.
Lacquer base
D
Coloring agent
F
Other formulating agent
F
Solvent
Plasticizer
.
Film former resin
D
Dyes lake
C
Suspending agent
F
Opacifying agent
C
Pigments
L
Pearl essence
D
Suspending agents
L
Opacifying agents
P
Iv absorber
D
Perfume
D
Film former Resin
2 kinds:
L
The tough material that holds polish together
L
’s a type
of polymer, meaning it is made of large molecules that string
smaller molecules together.
Ll
Nail polish traditionally requires two
types of resin:
.
film-forming
L
adhesive
,
The film-forming
resin gives the dried polish a …… texture, while the adhesive
polymer adds ….., so the lacquer is less brittle.
L
Nitrocellulose
L
polymer
L
copolymer
L
resin
P
Solvent
L
The solvent makes the polish easy to apply and dry relatively quickly.
L
helps the lacquer spread easily over the nail, and as the polish
dries,
L
, it evaporates to leave behind dry lacquer
L
The key is to make
sure the solvent doesn’t evaporate too quickly (which causes
bubbles), but that it evaporates fast enough to allow nails to dry before
getting smudged.
L
Ethyl acetate
L
butyl acetate
L
propyl acetate,
L
isopropyl
acetate
F
Toulene
,
an inexpensive (and formerly common) solvent but
is used less frequently now due to talk of health and environmental
concerns.
G
Plasticizer
K
Added to keep the resin flexible once it’s dry,
L
what help your manicure last longer.
L
Trimethyl pentanyl di-isobutyrate
L
triphenyl phosphate
L
camphor
0
ethyl tosylamide.
L
Colouring agents
L
Often the main reason a polish is chosen is the color.
,
Multiple
ingredients make up that particular shade.
K
Dyes, for one, are
…., while pigments are not soluble in the solvents used.
L
are often organic materials while pigments are not.
K
CL” followed by numbers on the label;
K
Suspending agents
K
These are additives that help pigments mix with the resin and
solvent, slowing the process of the color settling and separating
in the bottle.
J
Stearalkonium hectorite
U
stearalkonium bentonite.
U
UV absorbers
J
These prevent polish from changing color or fading when
exposed to sunlight.
H
Benzophenone
L
Titanium dioxide
D
Nitrocellulose
J
Isopropyl alcohol
L
Camphor
K
Dibutyl phthalate
K
Stearalkonium hectorite
K
Butyl acetate
K
Ethyl acetate
,
MANUFACTURE OF NAIL LACQUERS
L
The manufacture of nail
enamels involves following
distinct processes:
K
Grinding of pigments
I
Manufacture of Nail
lacquers
K
Mixing of pigments with
lacquer
K
Safety aspects
K
Manafture of nail lacquers
D
FILLING
S
Since nail lacquers are highly inflammable, filling, capping and packing must be carried out under fire-proof and explosion- proof condition,
K
Proper care and precautions should be followed, for example, good ventilation, proper electrical wiring and prohibition of cigarette smoking in the working area.
L
PACKING & LABELLING:
L
the most conventional container which
is used for the packaging of nail
lacquers.
H
The applicator consists of an air-tight aluminium canister with an acrylic fiber tip or nib which applies polish directly to nails. مزل يش يا لبق يرتشت يعلا هنل مهم دياو 2
J
Evaluation
J
Before nail lacquer is packed , the following tests should be carried out as a measure of quality control :
K
Hardness
J
Gloss
J
Smoothness
U
Drying rate
M
Colour marching
F
Non volatile content
F
Stability
D
Viscosity
D
Water resistance
F
Adhesion
I
Abrasion resistance
K
Application properties
K
Nail elongators and nail extenders
L
These may show some harmful effects e.g.
K
irritation
J
inflammation
K
discoloration
K
Splitting and loss of fingernail
D
Infection of the nail bed and nail fold
D
There are different types of fingernails and elongators currently in the market, among these types are:
O
Gel nails:
K
Acrylic tip and overlay nails:
I
Fiberglass nails:
L
latest
innovation in the
world of professional
nail enhancements.
K
easy to apply
K
odour free
K
hard wearing and
M
beautiful look
K
it’s beautiful
K
strong
K
natural looking
K
are not so popular as Gel or Acrylics, but in some ways are superior.
K
They are the first choice for a
client that chews her nails and
if applied correctly will look
natural.
K
The finished nails are tough
and are easier to remove than
the other systems
K
Other types of Specialty nail products
K
Cuticle remover
D
…… is the parts of the skin where the skin
adjoin the nails
De
Sometimes it become cornified
D
are used when the removal of
excess cuticle by cutting is unsatisfactory
D
They are in the form of liquid, cream or gel,
based principally on alkaline material such as
potassium hydroxide 1-5% in aqueous or
hydroalcoholic solution
K
helps to counteract the irritation,
J
retard
evaporation and to increase viscosity.
K
Humectants such as glycerin or propylene glycol
K
Other additives such as color, fragrance are
added
K
Cuticle softeners
K
Nail bleach
M
Nail strengtheners or hardeners
K
These are creams, facilitate subsequent removal
of the cuticle
A
Their action is the result of their affinity for protein
H
Composed mainly of quaternary ammonium
compounds
G
Are solutions or creams used for the removal of
ink, tobacco, stains from the nails
J
These are based on aqueous solutions of organic
acids such as citric or tartaric acids in water and
glycerin
H
They are creams containing emollients such as oils,
lanolin
H
To strengthen brittle nail and eliminate dryness,
cracking or splitting
H
To counteract the effect of solvents, present in nail
polish removers and improve the adhesion of nail
lacquer applied subsequently
H
often contain formaldehyde as the
active ingredient.
H
FDA does not object to use of formaldehyde despite its irritation and allergic reaction
provided the product:
U
Contains no more than 5% formaldehyde
J
Provides the user with nail shields which restrict application to the tip (and not the nail bed or fold)
J
Furnishes adequate directions for safe use, and
H
Warns consumers about the consequences of misuse and potential for causing adverse reactions in
sensitized users.
J
