Nada Question For Note 1 And 2

Question 1

intended to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled, sprayed on, introduced into, or otherwise applied to the human body for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance without affecting the body’s structure or function.

Answer 1

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Question 2

influence the biological function of the skin.

Answer 2

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Question 3

fastest-growing segment of the natural personal care industry.

Answer 3

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Question 4

testing to determine whether beneficial ingredients actually live up to a manufacturer’s claims is not mandatory.

Answer 4

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Question 5

not subject to review by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Answer 5

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Question 6

manufacturer may not claim that these products penetrate beyond the skin’s surface layers or that they have drug like or therapeutic effects.

Answer 6

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Question 7

no division between active ingredients and other ingredients is required; they are all listed together.

Answer 7

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Question 8

became a controversial nationalistic issue in which a product or ingredient was safe for distribution in one location but not in another.

Answer 8

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Question 9

To date, there is no agreement on the following :

Answer 9

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Question 10

Establishment of an agency with worldwide responsibility for the safety of ingredients and of their blends (finished products).

Answer 10

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Question 11

Agreement between countries or legislative units enforcing such rules globally and their modifications whenever newly developed information should require this.

Answer 11

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Question 12

Whether a product falls under the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) jurisdiction (control) as cosmetic product depends largely

Answer 12

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Question 13

To determine a product’s intended use, the FDA relies on the

Answer 13

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Question 14

Any enforcement actions against an adulterated or misbranded cosmetic product can by necessity be taken

Answer 14

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Question 15

are misleading if they fail to bear all the information required under the FDCA.

Answer 15

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Question 16

result from insufficient information for the consumer, for an improperly formed or filled container.

Answer 16

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Question 17

The FDA’s primary discovery tool is the

Answer 17

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Question 18

FDA also investigates

Answer 18

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Question 19

may bring a criminal suit against the company and its officials.

Answer 19

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Question 20

FDA regulations require products whose safety has not been confirmed to bear a .

Answer 20

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Question 21

PROHIBITED AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES

Answer 21

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Question 22

Bithionol

Answer 22

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Question 23

hexachlorophene

Answer 23

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Question 24

mercury

Answer 24

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Question 25

vinyl chloride (

Answer 25

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Question 26

chloroform

Answer 26

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Question 27

methylene chloride

Answer 27

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Question 28

chlorofluorocarbon

Answer 28

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Question 29

nitrosoamine

Answer 29

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Question 30

Cosmetics that contain color additives not covered by a regulation are

Answer 30

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Question 31

All foreign (that is, non- U.S.) drug manufacturing establishments should

Answer 31

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Question 32

does not inspect the production facilities of foreign OTC drug makers for compliance with current Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs).

Answer 32

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Question 33

The primary purpose of ingredient labeling is the need to

Answer 33

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Question 34

The FDA regulations permit three different formats for the ingredient declaration:

Answer 34

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Question 35

Warning statements are required by regulation for

Answer 35

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Question 36

Warning statements must be

Answer 36

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Question 37

lot and batch codes are commonly added to the cosmetic product labeling to

Answer 37

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Question 38

that a cosmetic product represented for nonprescription, over the counter (OTC) drug, purposes will be held to the applicable OTC drug standard.

Answer 38

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Question 39

The top most layer of skin,

Answer 39

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Question 40

contains melanocytes,

cells produce a pigment called melanin.

Answer 40

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Question 41

from the squamous layer
are pushed up through two thin epidermal
layers; the stratum granulosum and the strat.
lucidum

Answer 41

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Question 42

the outermost visible

layer of the epidermis.

Answer 42

;

Question 43

made up of 10 to 30 thin layers of these dead

cells.

Answer 43

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Question 44

takes nearly a month
for the…….. to be completely
replaced.

Answer 44

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Question 45

nuclei of the cells in the epidermis

and the collagen of the dermis.

Answer 45

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Question 46

In normal epidermis, the water content gets

less

Answer 46

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Question 47

particularly

important barrier to the control of moisture loss.

Answer 47

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Question 48

highly effective barrier against the
outside environment, being tough but flexible;
provided it is well hydrated

Answer 48

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Question 49

is the first barrier against invasion by

micro-organisms.

Answer 49

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Question 50

provides the next

level of defense.

Answer 50

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Question 51

composed of
corneocytes surrounded by a matrix of lipid-
enriched membranes.

Answer 51

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Question 52

are

filled with structural proteins (keratin filaments.

Answer 52

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Question 53

The matrix between corneocytes is composed

Answer 53

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Question 54

provides a barrier
to systemic water loss and impede (hinder) the
uptake of xenobiotics (foreign substances).

Answer 54

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Question 55

calcium
ions are passively lost as water evaporates
through the stratum corneum.

Answer 55

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Question 56

initiates a burst of lamellar body secretion,
thereby replenishing the stratum corneum
with lamellar membranes.

Answer 56

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Question 57

A second class of signaling molecules is
comprised of

Answer 57

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Question 58

is 1 .5 to 4 mm.

Answer 58

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Question 59

organised in
bundles running horizontally through the
dermis

Answer 59

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Question 60

is responsible for the resilience

(flexibility) and elasticity of the skin.

Answer 60

L

Question 61

are held together by
elastic fibres running through the dermis
(elastin).

Answer 61

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Question 62

Hyaluronic acid surrounds the

Answer 62

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Question 63

It attracts and binds hundreds
of times its weight in water (natural
moisturising ingredient).

Answer 63

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Question 64

This is
one reason why aging skin becomes less
resilient and supple (pliable).

Answer 64

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Question 65

Both collagen

and elastin fibres are made by

Answer 65

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Question 66

Most of the sweat produced by the body

comes from the

Answer 66

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Question 67

the deepest layer of the skin.

Answer 67

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Question 68

is missing where the skin is especially thin—the eyelids, nipples, genitals.

Answer 68

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Question 69

stores fat as an energy reserve.

Answer 69

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Question 70

The blood vessels, nerves, lymph vessels, and

hair follicles also cross through this layer.

Answer 70

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Question 71

Feels neither tight nor greasy.

Answer 71

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Question 72

Feels neither tight nor greasy.

Answer 72

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Question 73

Tight, irritable and flaky

Answer 73

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Question 74

develops fine lines around the eyes

Answer 74

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Question 75

Causes of dry skin

Answer 75

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Question 76

resulting in increasing

the rate of water loss (TEWL).

Answer 76

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Question 77

Rarely after the age of 35

Answer 77

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Question 78

Involves only the upper part of the body

Answer 78

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Question 79

Keratin and epidermal desmosomes (junction

attaching one cell to its neighbor) make skin a

Answer 79

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Question 80

are unfavorable to microbial growth.

Answer 80

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Question 81

makes keratin stiffer and less flexible,

leading to ‘tight’ feeling in the winter

Answer 81

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Question 82

hold more water vapour at higher T

Answer 82

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Question 83

acts as a
partial water barrier, helping to regulate the
amount of water in the skin

Answer 83

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Question 84

there is a gradual thinning of

male skin with age (1% per year).

Answer 84

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Question 85

related to the total collagen
content, which in both sexes falls with
increasing age, but at different rates.

Answer 85

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Question 86

but the

effect is more marked in women

Answer 86

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Question 87

Lack of estrogen slows

Answer 87

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Question 88

• Secretes an oily secretion into the hair follicle

near the surface of the skin.

Answer 88

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Question 89

are primarily found in
association with hair follicles but also occur in
hairless areas of the skin, except for the palms
of the hand and soles of the feet.

Answer 89

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Question 90

is a mixture of fat and the debris of dead

fat-producing cells.

Answer 90

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Question 91

Sebum may collect excessively as a result of:

Answer 91

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Question 92

is produced when the sebaceous gland

disintegrates.

Answer 92

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Question 93

Men produce more sebum than women

Answer 93

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Question 94

Glycerides 
 Free fatty acids 
 Wax esters 
 Squalene (precursor for steroids) 
 Cholesterol esters 
 Cholesterol

Answer 94

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Question 95

increases at puberty up to

fivefold in men

Answer 95

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Question 96

Prolonged starvation

Answer 96

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Question 97

Prolonged starvation

Answer 97

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Question 98

Oestrogens

Answer 98

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Question 99

Vitamin-A derivatives such as isotretinoin

Answer 99

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Question 100

cyproterone

Answer 100

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Question 101

spironolactone

Answer 101

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Question 102

Testosterone

Answer 102

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Question 103

medroxyprogesterone

Answer 103

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Question 104

levonorgestrel

Answer 104

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Question 105

Phenothiazines

Answer 105

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Question 106

are found in almost every part of

the skin

Answer 106

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Question 107

forming tiny coiled tubes embedded in

the dermis or subcutaneous fat.

Answer 107

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Question 108

have fewer sweat glands, both eccrine and

apocrine

Answer 108

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Question 109

They are found particularly in the armpit and the

genital area.

Answer 109

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Question 110

They are found particularly in the armpit and the

genital area.

Answer 110

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Question 111

neomycin

Answer 111

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Question 112

zirconium

Answer 112

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Question 113

formaldehyde

Answer 113

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Question 114

aluminum salts.

Answer 114

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Question 115

hexachlorophene

Answer 115

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Question 116

salicylanilide

Answer 116

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