Hair

Question 1

dead material when it leaves its root (we do not feel pain on hair cutting).

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Question 2

average lifetime of 2-6 years and this period is responsible for the maximum hair length.

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Question 3

Baby hair begins to grow around the

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Question 4

After that, the number of hairs never…….. It just ……..

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Question 5

Hair is composed of strong structural protein called…..

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Question 6

Each hair consist of two parts:

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Question 7

Each hair consists of three layers

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Question 8

present in thick hairs.

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Question 9

provides strength, color and texture.

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Question 10

thin and colorless.

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Question 11

outermost layer or the cuticle

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Question 12

innermost layer or medulla

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Question 13

The hair root is enclosed …

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Question 14

Is the point from which the hair grows and is buried deep in the fat of the scalp

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Question 15

At the base of the hair follicle is the…

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Question 16

Conatin blood capillaries and receptor for androgen

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Question 17

The hair follicle can be divided into two regions:

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Question 18

The hair bulb:

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Question 19

structure of actively growing cells, which eventually produce the long fine cylinder of the hair.

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Question 20

As they grow and develop, they steadily push the previously formed cells upwards.

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Question 21

When the cells reach the upper part of the bulb they begin to….., and they arrange themselves into six cylindrical layers, one inside the other.

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Question 22

The inner three layers of cells become the actual hair and the outer three layers become the lining of the hair follicle.

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Question 23

Special cells in the hair bulb (melanocytes) produce the ….. (melanin ) that colors the hair.

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Question 24

The mid-follicle region

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Answer 24

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Question 25

In this part, the actively growing cells die and harden into what we call a hair.

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Question 26

As the cells below continue to divide and push upwards, the hair grows….. out of the skin.

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Question 27

It now consists of a mixture of different forms of the special hair protein….

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Question 28

plays an important part in the way the hair behaves, especially when it is given cosmetic treatments.

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Question 29

Some of these keratins contain a high level of ……., some much less

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Question 30

The hair shaft

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Question 31

This is the part of the hair that can be seen above the scalp.

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Question 32

It consists mainly of dead cells that have turned into …… and binding material, together with small amounts of water.

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Question 33

…… are lubricated by a natural oil (sebum) produced by the sebaceous glands of the follicles.

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Question 34

How much natural oil your glands produce is mostly determined by your ………. and more oil is produced when levels of …………

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Question 35

It consists of three main layers: .

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Question 36

The cuticle

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Question 37

The cortex

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Question 38

The medulla

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Question 39

Each hair can be compared to a …….

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Question 40

all its moisture lies in its center, behind a tough outer layer of protective bark.

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Question 41

If the ‘bark’ of the hair is well looked after,…..

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Question 42

If the ‘bark’ is stripped off to expose the center……

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Question 43

Is made from 6 to 11 layers of overlapping semi-transparent (contain no natural pigments) scales

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Question 44

These scales are separated, flattened, horny, and can move ……, overlap over each other.

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Question 45

The gaps between these scales contain ……. which impart sheen and maintain the condition and …… of the hair.

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Question 46

The scales lie along the surface of the hair like …….with their free edges directed towards the tip which allow the hair to be stretched.

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Question 47

Cuticle damage result to ……

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Question 48

Intact cuticle cell are ……and reflect …. from their surface

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Question 49

It consists of spindle shaped cells, ……….. lying along the length of the hair.

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Question 50

These keratin fibers are made of ………….., and are compressed into ………

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Question 51

These are held together by a mass of ………

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Question 52

………..is extremely strong and resists stretching and other strains such as twisting

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Question 53

The strength and elasticity of the hair is due, ………

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Question 54

The cortex also contains granules of the hair pigment

……, produced when the hair was growing in its follicle.

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Question 55

The granules are of two types:

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Question 56

smooth, dark granules which tend to be

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Question 57

lighter granules that are more irregular in shape and are

scattered randomly through the ……..

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Question 58

A ….. may contain just one type of granule or a mixture.

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Question 59

In some of the terminal hairs, especially gray

(unpigmented) ones, the cortex has a central hollow core, the …..

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Question 60

The medulla:

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Question 61

Occupy the middle of the hair fiber.

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Question 62

Consists of hollow cells composed of soft protein and ……….. properties of the fiber.

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Question 63

and they play a part in the regulation of body temperature.

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Question 64

in the hairs of many animals

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Question 65

Bonding in keratin protein

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Question 66

There are many bonds that keep the……..

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Question 67

The hydrogen bond

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Question 68

Is responsible for the ability of the hair to be ……… (elasticity) and return back to its original shape.

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Question 69

Are much weaker than the disulphide

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Question 70

more easily broken whenever the hair is wetted, and form again as it dries.

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Question 71

If the wet hair is coiled onto rollers,….

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Question 72

if it is dried on the rollers it ….

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Question 73

The change in shape is only …… and lost when the hair is dampened, because the new …….are broken again.

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Question 74

The salt bond

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Question 75

is an ionic bond formed by the electron transfer from the side chain of a ….. to the side chain of an ……

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Question 76

is responsible for approximately 35% of the strength of the hair and 50% of the hair’s elasticity.

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Question 77

The Sugar Bond

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Question 78

➢is formed between the side chain of an ……. having an OH group and an ……..

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Question 79

It gives the hair toughness but little strength .

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Question 80

The cystine bond

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Question 81

It is also known as the disulfide bond, sulfur bond, S-S bond or just S bond.

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Question 82

It is formed by cross links between ………(amino acids) of the main ……. chains

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Question 83

is strong and a single hair can support a load of about 100 grams without breaking.

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Question 84

You could even spin rope out of hair.

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Question 85

The keratin protein of the …… is responsible for this unusual strength.

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Question 86

The long keratin molecules in the cortex are compressed to form a regular structure, which is not only ……

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Question 87

Keratin contains high concentrations of…….

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Question 88

Every cystine unit contains two ……..n different chains which are linked together by two ……, forming the forming the
strongest bonds known anywhere in nature.

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Question 89

Many ……. form down the length of the keratin chains, joining them together like the rungs of a ladder.

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Question 90

For a healthy individual with no hair diseases, hair fiber is very strong with tensile strength around 1.6 x10-9 N / m2 = copper wire of the same diameter.

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Question 91

So how does hair break if it is so strong?

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Question 92

It depends on the speed at which the pulling force is applied to the hair. slowly and steadily with gradual increasing force, the hair ……

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Question 93

But sudden force and yank on the hair will break.

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Question 94

So despite the apparent strength of hair, it will break if you brush or comb too vigorously because this applies a sudden force to the hair.

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Question 95

Can you hang by your hair ?

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Question 96

The short answer is, yes.

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Question 97

The primary limiting factor is the …….l rather than the strength of hair.

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Question 98

For a healthy individual with no hair diseases, hair fiber is very strong and the key weak spot……

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Question 99

is the strength by which the hair fiber is anchored in the hair follicle in the skin.

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Question 100

The primary limiting factor is the …….rather than the strength of hair.

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Question 101

For a healthy individual with no hair diseases, hair fiber is very strong and the key

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Question 102

The average ……… for normal anagen (growing) hair is 70g.

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Question 103

The hair growth cycle

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Question 104

Each individual hair is formed inside a hair bulb deep in a hair follicle.

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Question 105

Hair follicles grow in repeated cycles from baby’s birth and for several decades with no stop.

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Question 106

Anagen

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Question 107

Catagen.

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Question 108

Transitional phase

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Question 109

Telogen

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Question 110

Resting phase

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Question 111

Each hair passes through the phases independent of the neighboring hairs. .

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Question 112

The length of the cycle varies with the individual, and also with the part of the body on which the hair is growi

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Question 113

This phase starts at the moment a new hair begins to grow.

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Question 114

At that time, there is very active growth (the highest ever) in the hair bulb.

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Question 115

This usually lasts for 3-7years, without interruption.

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Question 116

Since human hairs grow at a rate of roughly 1 cm/month, hairs can grow to a length of a meter or more.

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Question 117

Approximately 80-85% of all hairs are in the growing phase 20-15% in the other phases
at any one time.

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Question 118

is made in the hair bulb throughout this phase of the hair cycle and less pigment is made in the hair of older people.

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Question 119

That why white hairs start to appear, even though the hair itself may still be growing strongly.

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Question 120

As people grow older the period of anagen shortens, the follicles gradually give up and the hairs become ………

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Question 121

Over the years, the number of follicles capable of growing hair …… naturally.

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Question 122

The decline is especially noticeable…..

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Question 123

Some follicles increasingly produce only fine, short non- pigmented hairs that look more like ……

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Question 124

In older women, this leads to a general

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Question 125

In …… it tends to lead to common baldness.

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Question 126

If you look at a bald scalp you will see these fine, poorly pigmented hairs.
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Question 127

Plucking a hair from a follicle brings…….

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Question 128

Nothing interrupts the activity of the hair follicle.

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Question 129

Nothing that is put on the scalp or hair can interfere with the growth of the hairs.

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Question 130

Only severe burns or scars can affect the hair follicle.

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Question 131

Certain drugs that are given for cancer treatment can prevent hairs from growing.

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Question 132

However, the interruption is only temporary and hairs begin to grow again when the medication is stopped.

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Question 133

It lasts about one or two weeks

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Question 134

The hair follicle ……. due to disintegration and the dermal papilla detaches and “rests”, cutting the hair strand off from its nourishing blood supply.

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Question 135

Ultimately, the follicle is 1/6 its original length, causing the hair shaft to be pushed upward.

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Question 136

While hair is not growing during this phase, the length of the terminal fibers increase when the follicle pushes them upward

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Question 137

No pigment is made during that time.

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Question 138

resting phase

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Question 139

This phase lasts for 3-4 months.

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Question 140

During this time, the hair…..

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Question 141

At the end of this phase, the hair follicle ……

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Question 142

………… join together again and a new hair begins to form.

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Question 143

As it grows upwards, the old hair will be shed naturally or may be pulled out….

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Question 144

These are the hairs that come out when you shampoo or brush your hair.

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Question 145

The new hair emerges from the same opening at the surface of the skin as the old one, and the hair cycle begins again.

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Question 146

It is easy to remember the lengths of the different phases of the growth cycle.

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Question 147

The anagen phase of scalp hair follicles typically persists

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Question 148

is a major determinant of the maximal hair length.

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Question 149

is only 70 days,while eyelashes grow for 100–150 days.

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Question 150

Telogen effluvium

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Question 151

scalp disorder characterized by massive hair loss

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Question 152

resulting from the early entry of hairs into the telogen phase.

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Question 153

eating disorders

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Question 154

fever

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Question 155

chronic illness,

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Question 156

major surgery,

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Question 157

sever emotional stress,

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Question 158

hypothyrodism

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Question 159

drugs

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Question 160

childbirth

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Question 161

the follicles enter the catagen then to the telogen phase)

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Question 162

Hair loss can happen after one pregnancy but not the next.

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Question 163

Normal shampooing can continue because hairs were going to come out anyway

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Question 164

No special treatment is needed

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Question 165

What controls hair growth?

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Question 166

No one can answer this question with certainty.

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Question 167

General health and nutritional factors are …….. believed to be important for healthy hair growth.

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Question 168

Many alcoholics have poor hair growth or even hair loss because their way of life tends to lead to ……..

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Question 169

Some minerals may be particularly important for hair growth where some people who lack …….. in their diet produce only fine, sparse hairs and even loose their hair

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Question 170

plays a part in hair growth

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Question 171

It also improves the physical properties (elasticity, strength and gloss) of the hair shaft.

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Question 172

Vitamin B.

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Question 173

The hair cycle for each individual hair is influenced by the

levels of various ……. in the blood.

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Question 174

speeds up growth in resting hair

follicles.

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Question 175

slow it down while inhaled one does not

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Question 176

Oral steroids

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Question 177

is most sensitive to the effects of

androgens hormones

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Question 178

change to terminal hairs due to rise in androgen levels

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Question 179

slow down hair growth

during the growing period but also make that period longer.

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Question 180

What is the maximum length that hair can grow to?

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Question 181

between 0.3 to 0.35mm a day

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Question 182

The scalp hair fiber growth rate is

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Question 183

The active hair fiber growth phase may last from

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Question 184

1000 to 2000 day.

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Question 185

In normal haired individuals about 80% of hair follicles are in a ……….with the remaining 20% in ……

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Question 186

Hair follicle density on the scalp is

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Question 187

200-300/cm2 ,

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Question 188

about 100,000 to 150,000 hairs total).

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Question 189

If you put it all together in a calculation, the research would suggest that the maximum length scalp hair can grow to is between …….;

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Question 190

The upper limit to scalp hair length is determined by our …..

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Question 191

Does cutting hair promote new growth?

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Question 192

is a common belief that cutting the hair stimulates ….. hair growth or …. and ….. hair.

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Question 193

this belief is not true

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Question 194

if it is cut there is no way for it to send a signal back to the hair follicles in the skin to grow more hair.

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