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SFA Questions > SFA MODULE 9 (ENDOCRINE) > Flashcards

SFA MODULE 9 (ENDOCRINE) Flashcards

1
Q

This vein is shared by the pancreas and liver.

A

PORTAL VEIN

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2
Q

These are supply blood to the thyroid gland

A

External carotid and superior thyroid

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3
Q

This structure is responsible for the following hormone: Thyroxine. Also, divided into left and right lobes by the isthmus.

A

Thyroid Gland

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4
Q

Responsible for glucagon, insulin, and somatostatin

A

Pancreas

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5
Q

This structure is response for the following hormones: Antiduretic hormone (ADH), oxytocin, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), dopamine (DA). part of the brain which links the endocrine and nervous system, and controls the pituitary gland. Also, regulates body temperature.

A

Hypothalamus

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6
Q

This endocrine organ regulates the circulating amounts of calcium (an increase) in the bloodstream

A

Parathyroid Gland

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7
Q

This muscle may be retracted during a thyroidectomy.

A

sternocleidomastoid

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8
Q

Mumps occur in this structure.

A

Parotid Gland

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9
Q

Which of the following endocrine organs is responsible for uterine contraction, milk expulsion, and concentration of the urine?

A

Posterior Pituitary

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10
Q

This structure is the master gland of the endocrine system

A

Pituitary Gland

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11
Q

Assisting on a liver and pancreas procedure, you realize in order to preserve the hepatic artery this nerve needs to be identified and ligated.

A

Gastroduodenal Nerve

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12
Q

This endocrine gland releases cortisol, aldosterone, epinephrine, and norepinephrine.

A

adrenal

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13
Q

Assisting on a thyroid case, you need to note that the laryngeal nerve that supplies the vocal cords lies very close to what artery?

A

inferior thyroid artery

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14
Q

This artery supplies blood to the thyroid gland

A

External Carotid Artery

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15
Q

Assisting on a thyroidectomy, with the aid of a Green loop retractor, you retract what muscle?

A

Sternocleidomastoid

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16
Q

Klatskin Tumor

A

malignant tumor that involves the junction of the right and left hepatic ducts

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17
Q

Which treatment is commonly indicated for type 2 diabetes mellitus?

A

oral antidiabetic agent

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18
Q

Excessive secretion of growth hormones in adults causes:

A

Acromegaly

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19
Q

Cushing’s syndrome may be caused by which of the following?

A

Glucocorticoid excess

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20
Q

The thyroid gland consists of right and left lobes joined by the:

A

Isthmus

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21
Q

Nontoxic goiter is more common in:

A

Females

22
Q

Which of the following is the master gland of the endocrine system?

A

pituitary gland

23
Q

A patient with weight loss, GI disturbances, dehydration, fatigue, and craving for salty food might have which disorder?

A

Addisons Disease

24
Q

Which of the following is NOT exclusively an endocrine gland?

Thyroid gland

Pituitary gland

Pineal gland

Pancreas

A

pancreas

25
Q

Name the hormone that stimulates the conversion from primordial to primary follicles and subsequent follicular development.

A

FSH (Follicular Stimulating Hormone)

26
Q

Which of the following glands in NOT endocrine?

Adrenal glands

Parathyroid glands

Parotid glands

Pineal glands

A

parotid gland

27
Q

The most common type of exocrine gland is this type:

Apocrine

Merocrine

Endocrine

Holocrine

A

Merocrine

28
Q

A chemical reaction that provides energy by the breakdown of food molecules is called

A
29
Q

Which of the following is the body cavity that contains the pituitary gland?

Cranial

Abdominal

Pleural

Thoracic

A

cranial

30
Q

What is the most common cause of endocrine disorders?

A

Benign tumor

31
Q

Differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes include which of the following?

A

Type 1 diabetes occurs more frequently in children and adolescents, and type 2 diabetes occurs more often in adults.

32
Q

Immediate treatment for insulin shock may include:

A

consumption of fruit juice or candy.

33
Q

How do many oral hypoglycemic drugs act?

A

To stimulate the pancreas to produce more insulin

34
Q

Blood glucose levels are increased by:
1. glucocorticoids.
2. glucagon.
3. epinephrine.
4. norepinephrine.
5. parathyroid hormone (PTH)

A

123

35
Q

Which of the following applies to oxytocin?
1. It stimulates contraction of the uterus after delivery.
2. It stimulates ejection of breast milk during lactation.
3. It stimulates mammary gland production of milk.
4. It is released from the adenohypophysis.

A

1,2

36
Q

A type of diabetes that may develop during pregnancy and disappear after delivery is called

A

gestational diabetes

37
Q

Which of the following hormones is involved in both the stress response and the anti-inflammatory response?

A

cortisol

38
Q

What is the most common cause of type 1 diabetes mellitus?

A

Destruction of pancreatic cells by an autoimmune reaction

39
Q

Early signs of hyperglycemia include polyphagia, which means:

A

polyphagia

40
Q

Which signs are typical of Graves’ disease?

A

Exophthalmos and tachycardia

41
Q

Diabetic retinopathy results from

A

bstruction or rupture of retinal blood vessels.

42
Q

Choose the statement that applies to type 1 diabetes mellitus.

A

Onset often occurs during childhood.

43
Q

Which of the following is an effect of Addison’s disease?

A

poor stress response

44
Q

Which of the following applies to acromegaly?

A

It results from excessive secretion of growth hormone (GH).

45
Q

A benign tumor of the adrenal medulla that secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine is called:

A

pheochromocytoma.

46
Q

Which of the following is a major function of the hormone norepinephrine?

A

Visceral and cutaneous vasoconstriction

47
Q

Which of the following may cause goiter?
1. Hyperthyroidism
2. Hypothyroidism
3. Lack of iodine in the diet
4. Pheochromocytoma

A

1,2,3

48
Q

Which of the following is recommended for immediate treatment of hypoglycemic shock?
1. If conscious, immediately give sweet fruit juice, honey, candy, or sugar.
2. If unconscious, give nothing by mouth (require intravenous glucose 50%).
3. Treat immediately with insulin.
4. Give large quantity of clear fluids for shock.

A

1,2

49
Q

What is caused by hyperparathyroidism?

A

Bone demineralization

50
Q

Diabetes may cause visual impairment through damage to the lens; this is referred to as:

A

cataracts

SFA Questions (14 decks)

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