SFA MODULE 13 (SKIN) Flashcards
How can pediculosis be diagnosed?
Pruritus in hairy areas of the body
Loss of blood due to lice bites
Finding lice in clothing
The presence of nits at the base of hair shafts
The presence of nits at the base of hair shafts
Which of the following factors has contributed to the increased incidence of Kaposi’s sarcoma?
Excessive sun exposure
Increased number of nevi
Increase in immunosuppressed individuals
Presence of more seborrheic keratosis
Increase in immunosuppressed individuals
One factor that is responsible for increasing the mortality rate among patients suffering with necrotizing fasciitis is:
a delay in initial diagnosis.
lack of proper antibiotics.
the appearance of additional opportunistic infections.
secondary fungal infections.
a delay in initial diagnosis.
Which of the following is a common effect of a type I hypersensitivity response to ingested substances?
Contact dermatitis
Urticaria
Discoid lupus erythematosus
Psoriasis
URTICARIA
Tinea capitis is an infection involving the:
trunk.
feet.
scalp.
nails.
SCALP
Which of the following skin lesions are usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus?
Furuncles
Verrucae
Scabies
Tinea
FURUNCLES
What is the common signal that a recurrence of herpes simplex infection is developing?
Severe pain around the mouth
Malaise and fatigue
Fever and severe headaches
Mild tingling along the nerve or on the lips
Mild tingling along the nerve or on the lips
The pathological change associated with scleroderma is:
abnormal activation of T lymphocytes and an increase of cytokines.
an autoimmune reaction damaging the epidermis.
collagen deposits in the small blood vessels of the skin and sometimes the viscera.
Type I hypersensitivity and increased serum IgE levels.
collagen deposits in the small blood vessels of the skin and sometimes the viscera.
What is a raised, thin-walled lesion containing clear fluid called?
Papule
Pustule
Vesicle
Macule
VESICLE
Why do secondary infections frequently develop in pruritic lesions?
Loss of protective sebum
Entry of resident flora while scratching the lesion
Blockage of sebaceous glands
Increased sweat production
Entry of resident flora while scratching the lesion
Which type of microbe causes Tinea infections?
Fungus
Virus
Gram-negative bacterium
Mite
FUNGUS
Which lesion distinguishes Tinea corporis?
Small, brown pruritic lines
Painful and pruritic fissures
Erythematous ring of vesicles with a clear center
Firm, red, painful nodule or pustule
Erythematous ring of vesicles with a clear center
Which of the following areas lacks blood vessels and nerves?
Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous tissue
Fatty tissue
Epidermis
Systemic effects of acute necrotizing fasciitis include:
low-grade fever and malaise.
toxic shock and disorientation.
mild nausea and vomiting.
headache and difficulty breathing.
toxic shock and disorientation.
All of the following statements apply to malignant melanoma EXCEPT:
The malignant cell is a melanocyte.
They present as non-pruritic purplish macules.
The neoplasm grows rapidly and metastasizes early.
The lesion is usually dark or multicolored with an irregular border.
They present as non-pruritic purplish macules.
Herpes virus is usually spread by all of the following EXCEPT:
saliva during an exacerbation and for a short time thereafter.
contact with the fluid in the lesion.
contaminated blood.
autoinoculation by fingers.
contaminated blood.
Choose the best description of the typical lesion of impetigo.
Large, red, painful nodule filled with purulent exudates
Small vesicles that rupture to produce a crusty brown pruritic mass
Red, swollen, painful areas often with projecting red streaks
Firm, raised papules that may have a rough surface and may be painful
Small vesicles that rupture to produce a crusty brown pruritic mass
What causes the pruritus associated with scabies?
An allergic reaction to the causative microbe due to endotoxins
Mites burrowing into the epidermis and reaction to their feces
Bleeding and injected toxin from bites of the larvae
Neurotoxins secreted by mites on the skin surface
Mites burrowing into the epidermis and reaction to their feces
What change occurs in the skin with psoriasis?
Recurrent hypersensitivity reactions
Autoimmune response
Increased mitosis and shedding of epithelium
Basal cell degeneration
Increased mitosis and shedding of epithelium
How are antiviral drugs effective in treating a viral infection?
They destroy the virus if administered for at least 2 weeks.
They limit the acute stage and viral shedding.
They prevent any systemic effects of viruses.
They prevent any secondary bacterial infection.
They limit the acute stage and viral shedding.
Choose the correct match of the skin condition and its usual location.
Scabies—fingers, wrists, waist
Impetigo—legs, feet
Pediculosis humanus corporis—scalp
Seborrheic keratosis—feet, hands
Scabies—fingers, wrists, waist
Which of the following applies to actinic keratoses?
They predispose to malignant melanoma.
They arise on skin exposed to ultraviolet radiation.
They occur primarily on dark-skinned persons.
They are malignant and invasive.
They arise on skin exposed to ultraviolet radiation.
Leprosy (Hansen’s disease) is caused by:
a fungus.
a bacterium.
a virus.
a helminth.
a bacterium.
Which of the following best describes the typical lesion of psoriasis?
Purplish papules that can erode and become open ulcers
Firm, raised pruritic nodules that can become cancerous
Moist, red vesicles, which develop into bleeding ulcers
Begins as a red papule and develops into silvery plaques
Begins as a red papule and develops into silvery plaques
Plantar warts are caused by:
the fungus aspergillus.
a parasitic arthropod.
human papillomavirus.
the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes.
human papillomavirus
What is the major predisposing factor to squamous cell carcinoma?
Viral infection
Presence of nevi (moles) on the skin
Exposure to ultraviolet light
Frequent hypersensitivity reactions
Exposure to ultraviolet light
Which of the following statements regarding acute necrotizing fasciitis is TRUE?
Infection is localized in a small area of the epidermis.
It is usually caused by S. aureus.
Spontaneous recovery usually occurs in 48 hours.
Infection rapidly causes extensive tissue necrosis and toxic shock.
Infection rapidly causes extensive tissue necrosis and toxic shock.
Which disease is considered an autoimmune disorder?
Pemphigus
Erysipelas
Contact dermatitis
Scleroderma
Pemphigus
Which of the following statements applies to impetigo?
Lesions usually appear on the hands and arms.
The cause is usually a virus.
The infection is highly contagious.
Scar tissue is common following infection.
The infection is highly contagious.
The cause of contact dermatitis can often be identified by:
using a culture and sensitivity test on the exudate.
checking the frequency of the exacerbations.
noting the location and size of the lesion.
the type of pain associated with the lesion.
noting the location and size of the lesion.
