SFA MODULE 11 (BLOOD & CIRCULATORY) Flashcards
The large blood vessel that collects most of the venous blood from organs located elow the level of the diaphragm is the:
Azygos vein
Common iliac
Great saphenous vein
Inferior vena cava
INFERIOR VENA CAVA
A person’s blood pressure is generally taken with a cuff around the humerus where constriction is applied to the:
Subclavian artery
Ulnar artery
Radial artery
Brachial artery
BRACHIAL ARTERY
The blood vessels whose histological structure permits a two-way exchange of substances between blood and body cells are the:
Capillaries
Arterioles
Venules
All of the above
CAPILLARIES
The most common site for taking a person’s pulse is the:
Radial artery
Median artery
Carotis artery
Brachial artery
RADIAL ARTERY
The most common site for taking a blood samples is the:
Brachial vein
Ulnar vein
Median cubital vein
Brachial artery
MEDIAN CUBITAL VEIN
Korotkoff sounds are evaluated when:
Counting the apical heartbeat
Determining the blood pressure
Performing ultrasonography
Counting the respirations
DETERMINE THE BLOOD PRESSURE
Patients with which one of the following diseases are treated with injections of vitamin B-12?
Bell’s palsy
Crohn’s disease
Diabetes mellitus
Pernicious anemia
PERNICIOUS ANEMIA
what is the name of the artery that bifurcates into the internal and external carotid?
This structure is initially incised during carotid endarterectomy.
common carotid artery
This structure can be used as a conduit during a CABG.
Runs anterior-medially down leg.
greater saphenous vein
what are the layers of an artery?
tunica adventitia
tunica media
tunica intema
medical term that denotes an extremely disabling condition with characteristic exercise-induced cramping pain when oxygen supply does not meet demand in active muscles? Often the pain is relieved by rest.
claudication
These vessels have the highest concentration of oxygen.
located near the heart
pulmonary veins
When performing a high ligation and stripping of the great saphenous vein, this artery is located at the saphenofemoral junction and should be kept from injury.
Superficial external pudendal
the internal mammary arteries are a direct branch of this artery.
subclavian artery
What will the surgeon access using the Seldinger Technique?
Vessel access for percutaneous procedures
this artery is a direct branch of the internal carotid.
aorta
A mitral valve replacement patient coming off bypass shows signs of cardiac ischemia. What artery maybe occluded?
circumflex artery
Which of the following is a vein in the arm, commonly used for IV access during advance cardiac life support?
brachial vein
This artery provides primary blood supply to the pancreas
superior mesenteric artery
This artery is the most common site for peripheral aneurysm.
popliteal artery
DVTs occur more commonly in this area:
left iliac vein
This vein is found beneath the collarbone
subclavian vein
Jaundice is one typical sign of:
sickle cell anemia.
aplastic anemia.
iron deficiency anemia.
acute leukemia.
sickle cell anemia
All of the following apply to vitamin K EXCEPT:
it is used as an antidote for warfarin (Coumadin).
the liver requires it to produce prothrombin.
it is a fat-soluble vitamin.
the bone marrow requires it to synthesize hemoglobin.
the bone marrow requires it to synthesize hemoglobin.
Which of the following diagnostic tests would be within the normal range for an individual with hemophilia A?
Bleeding time
Coagulation time
PTT time
Prothrombin time
bleeding time
Which of the following would result from a reduced number of erythrocytes in the blood?
Increased hemoglobin in the blood
Decreased hematocrit
Increased risk of hemostasis
Decreased osmotic pressure of the blood
decreased hematocrit
Petechiae and purpura are common signs of:
excessive hemolysis.
leucopenia.
increased bleeding.
hemoglobin deficit.
increased bleeding
Why is excessive bleeding a common occurrence with acute leukemia?
Deficit of calcium ions
Impaired production of prothrombin and fibrinogen
Decreased platelets
Dysfunctional thrombocytes
decreased platelets
Which of the following applies to the leukemias?
Chronic leukemias are more common in older people.
AML is the most common childhood leukemia.
Exposure to chemicals is not considered a predisposing factor.
Lymphoid tissue produces abnormal leukocytes.
Chronic leukemias are more common in older people.
What are the two circulations that comprise the overall circulatory system?
Pulmonary and systemic circulations
Peripheral and central circulations
Cardiovascular and lymphatic circulations
Cardiopulmonary and peripheral circulations
Pulmonary and systemic circulations
Which of the following occurs when disseminated intravascular coagulation develops?
Increased thrombocytes and blood clotting
Hemolysis with loss of blood cells
Massive sepsis and hemorrhage
Multiple thrombi and deficit of clotting factors
multiple thrombi and deficit of clotting factors
Individuals with type O blood are considered to be universal donors because their blood:
contains A and B antibodies.
contains A and B antigens.
lacks A and B antibodies.
lacks A and B antigens.
lacks A and B antigens.
Chronic blood loss causes anemia because of the:
shortened life span of the erythrocytes.
lower metabolic rate.
loss of protein and electrolytes.
smaller amount of recycled iron available
smaller amount of recycled iron available
Predisposing factors to leukemia commonly include:
exposure to radiation.
certain fungal and protozoal infections.
familial tendency.
cigarette smoking.
exposure to radiation.
What are the typical early general signs and symptoms of anemia?
Chest pain, palpitations
Jaundice, stomatitis
Pallor, dyspnea, and fatigue
Bradycardia, heat intolerance
Pallor, dyspnea, and fatigue
Which of the following applies to the condition disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?
It is usually a secondary complication.
It is always initiated by excessive bleeding.
It results in an inability of platelets to adhere.
It is not life threatening.
It is usually a secondary complication.
Vitamin K is required by the liver to synthesize:
heparin.
prothrombin.
amino acids.
bilirubin.
prothrombin
Which of the following substances acts as an anticoagulant?
Prothrombin
Heparin
Fibrinogen
Vitamin K
heprin
Why is pernicious anemia treated with injections of vitamin B12?
An immune reaction in the stomach would destroy the vitamin.
Digestive enzymes would destroy the vitamin.
The vitamin irritates the gastric mucosa.
The ingested vitamin would not be absorbed into the blood.
The ingested vitamin would not be absorbed into the blood.
What is the primary treatment for the leukemias?
Radiation
Chemotherapy
Surgery
Immunotherapy
chemotherapy
Capillary walls consist of:
multiple endothelial layers.
a thick layer of smooth muscle.
two or three epithelial layers.
a single endothelial layer.
a single endothelial layer
Thrombophilia can result in conditions such as:
severe chronic kidney disease.
peripheral vascular disease.
deficient calcium levels in the long bones.
excessive bleeding of hematomas.
peripheral vascular disease
Multiple opportunistic infections develop with acute leukemia primarily because:
the number of white blood cells is decreased.
many circulating leukocytes are immature.
severe anemia interferes with the immune response.
decreased appetite and nutritional intake reduce natural defenses.
many circulating leukocytes are immature.
