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SFA Questions > SFA MODULE 10 (MUSCOLOSKELETAL) > Flashcards

SFA MODULE 10 (MUSCOLOSKELETAL) Flashcards

1
Q

The elbow is ____________ to the wrist.

Distal

Lateral

ventral

Proximal

A

Proximal

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2
Q

Which of the following can be found in cartilage but not bone tissue:

Lacunae

Protein fibers

Blood vessels

Chondroitin

A

chondroitin

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3
Q

These cells are located in bone tissue:

Chondroblasts

Osteocytes

Fibroblasts

Carbonates

A

osteocytes

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4
Q

The dense connective tissue covering outer surface of bone diaphyses is termed:

Periosteum

Perichondrium

Endosteum

Articular cartilage

A

Periosteum

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5
Q

Which of the following bones is considered a seasmoid bone:

Sternum

Ethmoid

Femur

Patella

A

patella

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6
Q

these two components in bone are responsible for the hardness and pliability of bone:

Osteoclasts & collagen

Mineralized salts & osteocytes

Mineralized salts & collagen

Collagen & elastic fibers

A

Mineralized salts & collagen

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7
Q

A fracture in teh shaft of a long bone would be a break in the:

Epiphysis

Diaphysis

Metaphysis

Epiphyseal plate

A

Diaphysis

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8
Q

These structures are at the center of compact bone lamellae and carry blood vessels along the bone length:

Haversian canals

Canaliculi

Perforating canals

Osteocytes

A

Haversian canals

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9
Q

The cell type that is responsible for maintaining bone matrix once it has formed is:

Osteoclasts

Chondrocytes

Osteocytes

Fibroblasts

A

Osteocytes

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10
Q

“Articulations” refers to:

Broken bones

The study of individual bones

Bone growth and remodeling

Joints

A

Joints

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11
Q

Which of the following is flexible connective tissue that covers bones at the joints?

Adipose

Cartilage

Epithelial

Muscle

A

Cartilage

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12
Q

Which of the following terms describes the motion of bending the forearm toward the body?

Abduction

Eversion

Flexion

Pronation

A

Flexion

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13
Q

If the foot is abducted, it is moved in which direction?

Inward

Outward

Upward

Downward

A

Outward

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14
Q

A patient has a fracture in which the radius in bent but not displaced, and the skin is intact. This type of fracture is known as which of the following?

Closed, greenstick

Complex, comminuted

Simple, pathologic

Open, spiral

A

Closed, greenstick

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15
Q

Which of the following is the large bone found superior to the patella and inferior to the ischium?

Calcaneus

Femur

Symphysis pubis

Tibia

A

Femur

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16
Q

The surgeon directs the medical assistant to complete a request form for an x-ray study of the calcaneus. The procedure will be performed on which of the following structuers?

Heel

Lower leg

Thight

Pelvis

A

Heel

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17
Q

The surgery of excision arthroplasty of the base of the proximal phalynx for a hallux valgus is named after:

Mayo

McBride

Steinder

Keller

A

Keller

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18
Q

One of the following is a disease caused by Osteoclast dysfunction:

Osteoporosis

Rickets

Renal osteodystrophy

Osteogenesis imperfecta

A

Osteoporosis

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19
Q

In congenial dislocation of the hip, the clinical sign of Crown IV which shows that the hip:

Will not dislocate on its own

Less than 50% chance of dislocating

50 to 75% chance of dislocating

100% chance of dislocating

A

100% chance of dislocating

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20
Q

Osteochondritis known as Sever’s disease involves:

Talus

Lunate

Tarsal navecular

Calcaneus

A

Calcaneus

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21
Q

A small boy who was brought to the emergency department by his parents is found to have spiral fracture of the femur, with a variety of ecchymoses. Most likely cause of injury includes:

Automobile hit & run

Fall from tree

Child abuse

Fall from cycle

A

Child abuse

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22
Q

Lachman’s test is meant for:

Anterior cruciate ligament

Posterior cruciate ligament

Medial meniscus

Medial collateral ligament

A

ACL

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23
Q

The contracture of muscles leading to deformity of hand & wrist following tight bandaging is describedby:

Dupuytren

Volkmann

Waston-Jones

Watterson

A

Volkmann

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24
Q

Commonest donor site for autologous bone graft is:

Fibula

Rib

Greater trochanter

Iliac crest

A

Iliac crest

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25
Q

The activity of __________ results in producing new bones matrix, while that of __________ can remove bone matrix.

Osteocytes, osteoblasts

Osteoblasts, osteocytes

Osteoclasts, osteocytes

Osteoclasts, osteoblasts

A

Osteoblasts, osteocytes

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26
Q

The component bones of the pectoral girdle include:

Ilium and pubis

Clavicle and scapula

Scapula and humerus

radius and ulna

A

Clavicle and scapula

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27
Q

Among the prominent bone markings of the scapula are the:

Supraspinous fossa, patellar fossa, iliac fossa

Superior border, medial angle, inferior

Coracoid process, acromion process, scapular spine

Olecranon process, coronoid process, styloid process

A

Coracoid process, acromion process, scapular spine

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28
Q

The two proximal carpals that articulate with the radius in making the wrist joints are the:

Scaphoid and lunate

Triangular and scaphoid

Triangular and pisiform

Lunate and pisiform

A

Scaphoid and lunate

29
Q

Among the prominent bone markings of the tibia are the:

Interochanteric line, interochanteric crest, patellar surface

Anterior crest, tibial tuberosity, medial malleolus

Lateral malleolus, anterior crest, interosseous crest

Medical malleolus, lateral malleolus, tibial crest

A

Medical malleolus, lateral malleolus, tibial crest

30
Q

Which is not part of the appendicular skeleton?

Vertebral column

Patella

Clavicle

Acromion

A

Vertebral column

31
Q

A patient is performing the movement of flexion of the hip joint when she does this:

Moves the limb away from the midline in the coronal plane

Moves the limb posteriorly in the paramedian plane

Moves the limb anteriorly in the paramedian plan

Moves the limb towards the median sagittal plane

A

Moves the limb anteriorly in the paramedian plan

32
Q

Inversion of the foot is a movement when the sole faces?

Downwards & posteriorly

Medially

Laterally

Downwards & laterally

A

Medially

33
Q

Comes from a donor (cadaver). Bone-bank bone is collected from people who have agreed to donate their organs after they die. This graft does not have bone-growing cells or proteins, yet it is readily available and eliminates the need to harvest bone from your hip.

Osteogenesis

Disc

Autograft

Allograft

A

Allograft

34
Q

Comes from man-made plastic, ceramic, or bioresorbable compounds. Often called cages, this graft material is packed with shavings of living bone tissue taken from your spine during surgery.

Osteogenesis

Autograft

Allograft

Bone graft substitute

A

Bone graft substitute

35
Q

Following a total knee replacement, this can be a risk associated with the surgery.

Deep vein thrombosis

Fracture

Loss of motion

All of the above

A

All of the above

36
Q

Which of the following may precipitate an attack of gout?

A sudden increase in serum uric acid levels
Severe Hypercalcemia
Mild trauma to the toes
Development of a tophus

A

A sudden increase in serum uric acid levels

37
Q

What are the two types of bone tissue?

A

Compact and Cancellous

38
Q

Describe a Colles’ fracture.

A

The distal radius is broken

39
Q

What is a common effect of long-term use of glucocorticoids to treat rheumatoid arthritis?

A
40
Q

What limits joint movement in osteoarthritis?

A

the osteophytes and irregular cartilage surface

41
Q

Which statement applies to menisci?

A

they prevent excessive movement of joints

42
Q

osteoporosis is predisposed by

A

sedentary lifestyle, long-term intake of glucocorticoids, calcium deficit

43
Q

What is a typical characteristic of the pain caused by osteoarthritis?

A

Increased with weight bearing and acitivity

44
Q

What is the likely immediate result of fat emboli from a broken femur?

A

Pulmonary inflammation and obstruction

45
Q

Ankylosis and deformity develop in rheumatoid arthritis because:

A

replacement of cartilage misalign the joints

46
Q

Which factors delay healing of bone fractures?
1. Lack of movement of the bone
2. Prolonged inflammation and ischemia
3. Presence of osteomyelitis
4. Close approximation of bone ends

A

prolonged inflammation and ischemia

47
Q

Bones classified as “irregular” would include:

A

the mandible bone

48
Q

The inflammation surrounding a fracture site during the first few days may complicate healing by causing:

A

severe ischemia and tissue necrosis

49
Q

A dislocation is:

A

separation of bones in the joint with a loss of contact

50
Q

Fluid-filled sacs composed of synovial membrane located between structures such as tendons and ligaments and act as additional cushions are called:

A

Bursae

51
Q

The type of compound fracture in which there are multiple fracture lines and bone fragments is referred to as a/an:

A

comminuted fracture

52
Q

A sprain is a tear in a:

A

ligament

53
Q

Immovable joints are called:

A

synarthroses

54
Q

The most common type of joint, which are freely movable, are called:

A

Diarthroses

55
Q

Systemic effects of rheumatoid arthritis are manifested as:

A

nodules in various tissues, severe fatigue, and anorexia

56
Q

How does the joint appear during an exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Red, Warm, Swollen, and tender to touch

57
Q

Which of the following cells produce new bone?

A

Osteoblasts

58
Q

What is the typical joint involvement with rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Bilateral small joints, symmetrical progression to other joints

59
Q

Rickets results from:

A

a deficit of vitamin D and phosphate

60
Q

What is the basic pathology of rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Systemic inflammatory disorder due to an autoimmune reaction

61
Q

Paget’s disease often leads to which of the following?

A

Cardiovascular disease

62
Q

During the fracture healing process, the hematoma:

A

is the structure into which granulation tissue grows

63
Q

What is the distinguishing feature of primary fibromyalgia syndrome?

A

specific trigger points for pain presentation

64
Q

When a fracture is healing, the procallus or fibrocartilaginous callus:

A

serves as a splint across the fracture site

65
Q

Which of the following would identify an open or compound fracture?

A

open skin and tissue at the site of the fracture

66
Q

What is a sign of a dislocation?

A

deformity of the joint

67
Q

Which of the following is characteristic of osteoarthritis?

A

pain upon weight-bearing activity at the joint

68
Q

What is a common outcome of fibrosis, calcification, and fusion of the spine in ankylosing spondylitis?

A

compression fractures of the vertebrae

SFA Questions (14 decks)

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