SFA MODULE 1 (INFLAMMATION & HEALING) Flashcards by Laura Cybulski

Wound dehiscence may place a patient at risk for which of the following?

Dehydration

Anemia

Infection

Electrolyte imbalance

INFECTION

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The MD is seeing a patient 6 days postop, the examination of the patient’s wound reveals serosanguinous fluid and extensive fascial dehiscence. What is the most appropriate action?

Place an abdominal binder on the patient

Culture the wound

Return to the OR

An order for daily dressing changes

RETURN TO THE OR

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A wound that is clean, and closed at the end of the surgery is called:

First intention

Second intention

Third intention

Fourth intention

FIRST INTENTION

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Which lymphocytes help to regulate and coordinate the immune system?

Plasma cells

B cells

Yellow cells

Helper T cells and suppressor T cells

HELPER T CELLS AND SUPPRESSOR T CELLS

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What would you think is the most likely cause of fever on postoperative day 7?

UTI

Wound infection

Atelectasis

DVT

WOUND INFECTION

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A wound that is delayed and closed at a later date is closed by:

First intention

Second intention

Third intention

Fourth intention

FIRST INTENTION

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Thinking about the different types of wound classification that you learned as a surgical technologist, which of the following is not true of dirty wounds?

They require meticulous debridement

They require broad-spectrum antibiotics

Primary closure is necessary to prevent further contamination

A second-look operation is always an option

PRIMARY CLOSURE IS NECESSARY TO PREVENT FURTHER CONTAMINATION

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A wound that is left open to heal, because of infection or tissue breakdown is called:

First intention

Second intention

Third intention

Fourth intention

SECOND INTENTION

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What organisms is most commonly isolated from surgical site infections? Usually found on the skin.

Streptococcus

E. coli

Bacteroids

Staphylococcus

STAPHYLOCOCCUS

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What is the most common organism isolated from SSIs after a clean-contaminated bowel procedure?

E. coli

Staphylococcus

Streptococcus

Peptostreptococcus

E COLI

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Who introduced the use of disinfectant agents to clean surgical wounds in order to control infections in humans?

Martin

Lister

Semelweiss

Jenner

LISTER

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Which of the following does not increase the chance of infection after a clean surgery?

Longer surgery

Bleeding

Hematoma

Preop antibiotics

PREOP ABNTIBIOTICS

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Phagocytosis is a function of which connective tissue type?

Adipose

Cranial

Reticular

Bone

RETICULAR

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Which of the following is a descriptive prefix for bacteria appearing in clustered groups?

Cocci

Staphylo

Stepto

Bacilli

STAPHYLO

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An acute, inflamed, open, fresh wound is considered:

Clean

Clean-Contaminated

Contaminated

Dirty

CONTAMINATED

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Inflammation of a sweat gland is known as:

Hidradenitis

Rhinitis

Pyelitis

Colitis

HIDRADENITIS

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Which of the following heals the quickest after injury:

Muscle tissue

Bone tissue

Epithelium tissue

Tendon tissue

EPITHELIUM TISSUE

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Scar tissue consist primarily of

granulation tissue

epithelial cells

collagen fibers

new capillaries and smooth muscle fibers

COLLAGEN FIBERS

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Which statement applies to the recommended emergency care for burns

drop and lie completely still on your back

call a neighbor for help if the burn appears to be extensive

apply lotion and cover burn tightly with a sheet or towel

cover the burn area with clean, cool, or tepid water and remove nonsticking clothing

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Which of the following drugs relieves fever and some types of pain but is NOT an anti-inflammatory agent?

acetaminophen

prednisone

aspirin

ibuprofen

acetaminophen

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The warmth and redness related to the inflammatory response result from

increased interstitial fluid

production of complement

a large number of white blood cells (WBCs) entering the area

increased blood flow into the area

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The advantages of applying a biosynthetic skin substitute to a large area of full-thickness burns include:

reduced risk of infection.
decreased loss of plasma protein and fluid.
developing stronger fibrous scar tissue.
more rapid healing.
regeneration of all glands, nerves, and hair follicles.

reduced risk of infection , decreased loss of plasma protein fluid, more rapid healing

Healing of large areas of skin loss (including dermis and epidermis) would be most successful through:

rapid mitosis and regeneration of skin layers

resolution of damaged cells in the area

covering the area with biosynthetic skin substitute

graft of fibrous tissue to the area

covering the area with biosynthetic skin substitute

An abscess contains

purulent exudate

A serous exudate is best described as

thin, watery, colorless exudate

Identify the correct statement about burns: The severity of the burn depends on the temperature, duration, and extent of the burn young children are less likely to suffer sever burns from immersion in excessively hot water burns to the palms of the hands are more damaging than burns on the face with a major burn, excessive bleeding usually causes shock

The severity of the burn depends on the temperature, duration, and extent of the burn.

Identify the proper sequence in the healing process:

A blood clot forms > phagocytes remove foreign material and cell debris > granulation tissue grows into the gap> new blood vessels form > and collagen fibers promote the formation of a tight, strong scar.

Replacement of damaged tissue by similar functional cells is termed

Regeneration

Why is an application of cold recommended as part of the RICE first aid measures immediately following an inflammatory response due to injury?

It causes local vasoconstriction to reduce local edema

Systemic effects of severe inflammation include:

fatigue, anorexia, and mild fever

The characteristic appearance of a full-thickness burn is:

dry, firm, charred, or hard white surface

Potential complications after healing by scar formation include all the following EXCEPT lack of sensory function in the area contractures and adhesions increased hair growth keloid formation

increased hair growth

Causes of inflammation include: direct physical damage such as cuts and sprains allergic reaction infection all of these

all of these

A burn area in which the epidermis and part of the dermis is destroyed is classified as:

deep partial-thickness.

The process of phagocytosis involves the

ingestion of foreign material and cell debris by leukocytes

Systemic manifestations of an inflammatory response include:

fever and malaise.

Edema associated with inflammation results directly from:

increased fluid and protein in the interstitial compartment.

Application of ice to an injured knee reduces edema by:

causing local vasoconstriction.

Some local effects of a general inflammatory response would include:

redness, warmth, and swelling.

Which of the following statements regarding inflammation is incorrect? Inflammation caused by an allergen of a burn will typically produce a serous exudate infection is one cause of inflammation inflammation is the body's nonspecific response to tissue injury disorders are named using the ending -sarcoma to indicate inflammation

Disorders are named using the ending -sarcoma to indicate inflammation.

During an inflammatory response, hyperemia is caused by

increased blood flow in the area

What is the correct order of the following events in the inflammatory response immediately after tissue injury? 1. Increased permeability of blood vessels 2. Dilation of blood vessels 3. Transient vasoconstriction 4. Migration of leukocytes to the area 5. Hyperemia

Transient vasoconstriction > dilation of blood vessels > hyperemia >increased permeability of blood vessels > migration of leukocytes to the area

The inflammatory response is a nonspecific response to

any tissues injury

All of the following are factors that promote healing EXCEPT good nutrition: proteins, vitamin A and C a clean, undisturbed wound effective circulation advanced age

advanced age

Which of the following cellular elements found in the inflammatory response are responsible for phagocytosis?

Macrophages

Purulent exudates usually contain

numerous leukocytes, bacteria, and cell debris.

A woman has burns on the anterior surfaces of her right arm, chest, and right leg. The percentage of body surface area burned is approximately:

22.5%

The cardinal signs of inflammation include all of the following EXCEPT redness loss of function nausea swelling

nausea

Systemic manifestations of inflammation include all EXCEPT pyrexia malaise local swelling anorexia

local swelling

The term leukocytosis means

increased white blood cells (WBCs) in the blood.

All of the following are correct statements regarding wound healing EXCEPT: Resolution occurs where there is minimal tissue damage and the ells can recover granulation tissue forms a permanent replacement for damaged tissue regeneration occurs where the cells are capable of mitosis scar tissue forms where the surrounding cells are incapable of mitosis

granulation tissue forms a permanent replacement for damaged tissue

Which of the following promotes rapid healing? closely approximating edges of a wound presence of foreign material exposure to radiation vasoconstriction in the involved area

closely approximating edges of a wound

tissue that is highly vascular, very fragile, and very susceptible to infection

granulation tissue