Sexual Disorders Test Bank Flashcards by Holly Chapman

Persistent disruptions in the ability to experience sexual arousal, desire, or orgasms, or pain associated with intercourse, is called

a) sexual dysfunction.
b) sexual function.
c) paraphilia.
d) all of the above.

a) sexual dysfunction.

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Persistent and troubling attractions to unusual sexual activities or objects is called

a) sexual dysfunction.
b) sexual function.
c) paraphilia.
d) all of the above.

c) paraphilia.

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In contrast to the general Victorian view, the contemporary Western world believes that __________ of sexual expression contributes to problems.

a) an excess
b) inhibition
c) the amount
d) the type

b) inhibition

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Which of the following foods was originally developed as food that would lessen sexual interest?

a) Doritos
b) Nabisco Animal Crackers
c) Kellogg’s Corn Flakes
d) Hostess Twinkies

c) Kellogg’s Corn Flakes

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Research suggests that gender differences in sexuality are

a) consistent across cultures.
b) vary greatly by culture.
c) vary slightly by culture.
d) more of a result of culture than biology.

a) consistent across cultures.

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Which of the following categories is NOT included in the DSM-5 for sexual disorders?

a) sexual dysfunctions
b) paraphilias
c) sexual functions
d) they are all included in the DSM-5

c) sexual functions

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Which of the following is NOT a subcategory of paraphilia in the DSM-5?

a) fetishistic disorder
b) sexual arousal disorder
c) transvestic disorder
d) exhibitionistic disorder

b) sexual arousal disorder

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Which of the following is considered to be a paraphilia, according to the DSM-5?

a) premature ejaculation
b) genito-pelvic pain disorder
c) sexual sadism disorder
d) delayed ejaculation disorder

c) sexual sadism disorder

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According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, _________ percent of women will be diagnosed with a sexually transmitted illness by the age of 19.

a) 10
b) 25
c) 40
d) 60

b) 25

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Which of the following did NOT contribute to recent changes in sexual experiences?

a) the Internet
b) AIDS
c) sexually transmitted infections
d) all of the above contributed to recent changes in sexual experiences

d) all of the above contributed to recent changes in sexual experiences

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Which age group has the highest number of new HIV cases being diagnosed each year?

a) 15-19
b) 20-24
c) 25-29
d) 30-34

b) 20-24

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The majority of heterosexual couples report having sexual intercourse

a) less than 3 times per month.
b) at least once per week
c) more than 3 times per week
d) not at all

b) at least once per week

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The preference for a male or female partner − or both − is called

a) sexual identification.
b) gender identity.
c) sexual orientation.
d) sexual proclivity.

c) sexual orientation.

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The sense of oneself as being male or female is called

a) sexual identification.
b) gender identity.
c) sexual orientation.
d) sexual proclivity.

b) gender identity.

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Homosexuality was listed as a disorder in the DSM until the

a) 1950s
b) 1970s
c) 1980s
d) 1990s

b) 1970s

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A person who is homosexually aroused, is persistently distressed by this arousal, and wishes to become heterosexual was considered in the DSM-III to have the diagnosis of __________.

a) ego-dystonic homosexuality
b) pathological homosexuality
c) psychosomatic homosexuality
d) sexual identity disorder

a) ego-dystonic homosexuality

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People who feels deep within themselves, usually from early childhood, that they are of the opposite gender are given the diagnosis of

a) gender distortion disorder.
b) gender dysphoria.
c) sexual distortion disorder.
d) all of the above are possible diagnostic labels

b) gender dysphoria.

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Gender dysphoria almost always begin in

a) childhood.
b) adolescence.
c) early adulthood.
d) middle age.

a) childhood

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Which of the following diagnoses is among the most debated in the DSM-5?

a) sexual aversion disorder
b) gender dysphoria
c) vaginismus
d) female sexual arousal disorder

b) gender dysphoria

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Inclusion of the label gender dysphoria in the DSM-5 has been controversial in part because

a) no effective treatments are available.
b) inclusion fosters social prejudice.
c) diagnosis is highly subjective.
d) the label has been misused in court.

b) inclusion fosters social prejudice.

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In sex-reassignment surgery,

a) opposite-sex genitals are constructed and hormones are taken.
b) genital transplants are inserted from donors.
c) hormones are taken but genitals are left intact.
d) secondary features (e.g., Adam’s apple, chin, nose) are altered, but genitals are left intact.

a) opposite-sex genitals are constructed and hormones are taken.

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Cross-gender behavior is

a) unique to the U.S.
b) universal.
c) present in people but not animals.
d) all of the above.

b) universal.

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Which of the following is NOT a phase in the sexual response cycle?

a) resolution
b) excitement
c) anticlimax
d) desire

c) anticlimax

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In the human sexual response cycle, what is the name of the phase in which blood flows to the genitalia and pleasurable sensations build?

a) desire
b) excitement
c) orgasm
d) anticipatory

b) excitement

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Which of the following lists the correct order for the four responses in the human sexual response cycle? a) desire, excitement, orgasm and resolution b) desire, excitement, resolution and climax c) excitement, desire, orgasm and resolution d) desire, orgasm, excitement and resolution

a) desire, excitement, orgasm and resolution

Elizabeth is slipping into her nightgown and watching her husband get into bed. She is fantasizing about what they will soon be doing together. In which phase of the human sexual response cycle is Elizabeth at this moment? a) resolution b) orgasm c) desire d) excitement

c) desire

Barbara is concerned about her husband’s premature ejaculation, which occurs before she reaches orgasm. From her perspective, which of the following phases of the sexual response cycle is problematic in Barbara’s husband? a) orgasm b) excitement c) resolution d) desire

a) orgasm

Occasional symptoms of sexual dysfunction a) are fairly common. b) typically cause marked distress. c) are labeled only if they reoccur. d) require immediate treatment.

a) are fairly common.

Hannah reports that she has a low sex drive and sometimes has trouble reaching orgasm. However, when asked by her doctor, she does not report distress or impairment from these symptoms. The most likely diagnosis for Hannah would be a) female orgasmic disorder. b) sexual aversion disorder. c) Hannah would not receive a clinical diagnosis. d) dyspareunia.

c) Hannah would not receive a clinical diagnosis

Jane is finding that her interest in sex has diminished greatly. She not only avoids having sexual contact with her husband, but has even stopped fantasizing and masturbating. Jane would likely be diagnosed as having which of the following DSM-5 disorders? a) female orgasm disorder b) female sexual interest/arousal disorder c) hypoactive sexual desire disorder d) none of the above

b) female sexual interest/arousal disorder

Female orgasmic disorder is defined as a) lack of orgasm and no desire. b) lack of orgasm without direct clitoral stimulation. c) lack of orgasm despite normal sexual excitement and stimulation. d) orgasm during masturbation only, if at all.

c) lack of orgasm despite normal sexual excitement and stimulation.

Delayed ejaculation disorder a) is the most common sexual disorder in men. b) is associated with childhood sexual abuse. c) is a problem that is situationaly bound. d) is defined as persistent difficulty in ejaculating.

d) is defined as persistent difficulty in ejaculating.

When Sheila attempts to have sexual intercourse, the outer part of her vagina has an involuntary spasm, and it becomes impossible for her to have intercourse. Which of the following DSM-5 diagnoses would fit Sheila’s problem? a) vaginismus b) dyspareunia c) female orgasmic disorder d) sexual aversion disorder

a) vaginismus

Joan experiences pain during sexual intercourse. The frequency of pain has been so great that she now dreads the prospect of possible sexual encounters, despite experiencing sexual arousal while observing films depicting sexual acts other than intercourse. Joan most likely is suffering from a) female orgasmic disorder. b) genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder c) imperforate hymen. d) vaginismus.

b) genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder

In men, a persistently deficient or absent sexual fantasies and desires is called __________ in the DSM-5. a) male hypoactive sexual desire disorder b) hyperactive sexual desire disorder c) asexuality disorder d) none of the above

a) male hypoactive sexual desire disorder

Which of the following is NOT a DSM-5 criterion for sexual interest/arousal disorder in women? a) diminished interest in sexual activity b) increase in sexual fantasies without arousal c) absence of sexual arousal d) absence of genital sensations during most sexual encounters

b) increase in sexual fantasies without arousal

Persistent or recurrent pain during sexual intercourse is called __________ in the DSM-5. a) genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder b) genital pain disorder c) sexual intercourse pain disorder d) sexual id pain disorder

a) genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder

Which of the following is a current or proximal cause of sexual dysfunctions, according to Masters and Johnson? a) psychosexual trauma b) fear of performance c) excessive intake of alcohol d) homosexual inclinations

b) fear of performance

Sexual desire can be affected in part by a) anger towards one’s partner. b) communication problems. c) certain medications such as SSRIs. d) all of the above

d) all of the above

Which of the following psychological disorders are associated with an increased risk of sexual dysfunction? a) borderline personality disorder and specific phobias b) bipolar disorder and antisocial personality disorder c) depression and anxiety d) generalized anxiety disorder and dependent personality disorder

c) depression and anxiety

Studies indicate that __________ can interfere with specific sexual arousal. a) erotic films b) low general physiological arousal c) low blood pressure d) relaxation

b) low general physiological arousal

In a study of the role of self-blame and erectile dysfunction, men who were given an internal explanation for their low arousal after watching erotic films a) reported and showed less physiological arousal. b) reported and showed more physiological arousal. c) reported more, but showed less physiological arousal. d) believed they had an erectile dysfunction.

a) reported and showed less physiological arousal.

Masters and Johnson found that many individuals who have sexual dysfunction a) were college-educated. b) had low socioeconomic status. c) had negative views of sexuality. d) were encouraged to express their sexuality at a young age.

c) had negative views of sexuality.

Bill and Deborah are in sex therapy. One exercise that they are directed to practice involves touching each other and feeling comfortable with contact, but without any sexual intercourse. This intervention is called a) sensate focus. b) sensuality training. c) physical redirecting. d) cognitive restructuring

a) sensate focus.

During the first few days of Masters and Johnson’s sex therapy, a) couples are instructed to have sex as often as possible and to practice the techniques they are being taught. b) couples are instructed not to make any changes in their sexual relationship until the assessment period is over. c) couples are instructed not to engage in any sexual activity. d) instructions about sexual activities vary depending on the particular dysfunction being treated

c) couples are instructed not to engage in any sexual activity.

In sex therapy, the sensate focus exercise involves a) having sexual intercourse without taking on the spectator role. b) engaging in intercourse as often as possible to sensitize each other’s bodies. c) nonsexual touching. d) caressing without engaging in intercourse.

d) caressing without engaging in intercourse.

Directed masturbation is often used a) to train individuals who have difficulty achieving orgasm. b) as a means for redirecting attention from inappropriate sexual stimuli. c) for excessive sexual appetite. d) as part of a program of treatment for sex offenders.

a) to train individuals who have difficulty achieving orgasm.

For women with sexual dysfunctions in the context of marital relationship distress, which of the following has been found to improve many aspects of sexual functioning? a) SSRI medications b) behavioral marital couples therapy c) anti-anxiety medications d) psychoanalysis

b) behavioral marital couples therapy

The squeeze technique is used in the treatment of a) vaginismus. b) male orgasmic disorder. c) dyspareunia. d) premature ejaculation.

d) premature ejaculation.

The most common medical interventions for erectile dysfunction include a) sildenafil (Viagra) and related medications. b) silicone rod implants. c) antidepressants such as SSRIs. d) none of the above – there are no known medical interventions for erectile dysfunction.

a) sildenafil (Viagra) and related medications.

Viagra, a medication for improved erectile function, acts primarily by a) increasing the level of dopamine, which is associated with sexual arousal. b) relaxing smooth muscles, allowing increased blood flow to the penis. c) stimulating the amygdala in the limbic system. d) inhibiting the response of the serotonin system.

b) relaxing smooth muscles, allowing increased blood flow to the penis.

Which of the following disorders is most associated with legal consequences? a) gender identity disorder b) schizophrenia c) paraphilias d) dyspareunia

c) paraphilias

Those with fetishistic disorder are sexually aroused by a) inanimate objects. b) exposing themselves to people while masturbating. c) observing other people engaging in sexual activity. d) children.

a) inanimate objects.

Transvestic disorder a) typically disappears by adulthood. b) is part of gender identity disorder. c) occurs equally in men and women. d) refers to sexual arousal from cross-dressing

d) refers to sexual arousal from cross-dressing

Ben can become sexually aroused only when he is wearing women’s clothing. He especially enjoys having sexual relations with his wife while he is wearing her garments. Which of the following diagnoses would fit Ben’s case? a) transvestic disorder b) transsexualism c) voyeuristic disorder d) exhibitionistic disorder

a) transvestic disorder

Someone who derives sexual pleasure from contact with prepubertal children would be diagnosed with a) fetishistic disorder. b) exhibitionistic disorder. c) pedophilic disorder . d) gender dysphoria.

c) pedophilic disorder .

Child molesters are usually a) women, contrary to popular belief. b) other children. c) strangers who molest children out of anger, not for sexual gratification. d) men and someone whom the child knows.

d) men and someone whom the child knows.

Child molesters frequently deny that they are forcing themselves on the victim because a) they leave no physical marks. b) they threaten the child to deny the incident. c) there is rarely physical force, but instead coercion. d) the child may not understand the significance of being molested.

c) there is rarely physical force, but instead coercion.

The incest taboo a) is limited to Western societies. b) is virtually universal in human societies. c) produces guilt in the assailant. d) generalizes to pedophilic urges.

b) is virtually universal in human societies.

Those with voyeuristic disorder (peeping Toms) are typically a) disturbed, confused, and do not understand social codes. b) angry, violent, controlling, and hostile toward women in general. c) rigidly moralistic, ashamed of their uncontrollable sexual urges. d) fearful of actual sexual contact with a woman.

d) fearful of actual sexual contact with a woman.

Which of the following would be most stimulating to a voyeur? a) a woman undressing privately, unaware that he is watching. b) a prostitute undressing for him. c) a beautiful but proper woman undressing for his exclusive benefit. d) a couple having sexual relations in the same room as him, while he observes but does not participate.

a) a woman undressing privately, unaware that he is watching.

Most exhibitionists a) do not seek physical contact with their victims. b) seek to persuade the woman to have physical contact without using force. c) seek to force physical contact with their victims, but stop short of rape. d) go on to commit rape.

a) do not seek physical contact with their victims.

Frotteuristic disorder involves a) the sexually oriented touching of an unsuspecting person. b) the exposing of oneself to others to achieve sexual stimulation. c) incestuous behavior. d) none of the above.

a) the sexually oriented touching of an unsuspecting person.

Sexual sadism is defined by an intense desire to obtain sexual gratification by __________ while sexual masochism is defined by an intense desire to obtain sexual gratification through __________. a) inflicting pain or humiliation on another; subjecting oneself to pain or humiliation b) subjecting oneself to pain or humiliation; inflicting pain or humiliation on another c) watching another undress; exposing oneself d) exposing oneself; watching another undress

a) inflicting pain or humiliation on another; subjecting oneself to pain or humiliation

Speculations about the role of hormones in paraphilias center on a) androgens. b) progesterone. c) estrogen. d) all of the above

a) androgens.

Mark was an exhibitionist, getting sexual gratification only from exposing his genitals to unsuspecting women at bus stops. He went to Dr. Grind, a psychoanalyst, for treatment. What would Dr. Grind view as the cause of Mark’s problem? a) fear of actually having a sexual relationship with a woman b) childhood experience in which he was caught masturbating and found the experience arousing c) castration anxiety leading to extreme hatred of women d) serious marital problems and religious prohibitions

a) fear of actually having a sexual relationship with a woman

A behavioral hypothesis regarding the etiology of paraphilias is based on __________ theory. a) classical conditioning b) Oedipal c) systematic desensitization d) modeling

a) classical conditioning

Which is commonly offered as a psychological possibility for the development of paraphilias? a) high need for sexual novelty. b) social acceptance of unconventional sex. c) accidental classical conditioning. d) lack of interest in conventional sex.

c) accidental classical conditioning.

Ethan engaged in exhibitionism. After one occasion, he remarked to his therapist that his victim “kept looking at me, like she wanted it.” This is an example of a) minimizing sexual intent. b) minimizing consequences. c) misattributing blame. d) justifying the cause.

c) misattributing blame.

After exhibiting, Ethan said of his victim, “She smiled, so I guess she was amused.” This is an example of a) minimizing sexual intent. b) minimizing consequences. c) attributing blame. d) justifying the cause.

b) minimizing consequences.

Carlos had a shoe fetish that he wished to overcome. His therapist had him view slides of shoes while giving him mild electric shocks. This is an example of a) aversion therapy. b) systematic desensitization. c) orgasmic reorientation. d) electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT).

a) aversion therapy.

Which is a common component of psychological treatment of paraphilias? a) support groups modeled on Alcoholics Anonymous b) challenging distorted beliefs c) reinforcing appropriate sex d) exercise and diet to reduce urges

b) challenging distorted beliefs

Bryant, as part of his treatment for committing incest, was trained to experience empathy for his victims. He was likely receiving a) object-relations psychodynamic therapy. b) behavioral therapy. c) cognitive therapy. d) family therapy.

c) cognitive therapy.

Megan’s Law involves a) notification of members of a community when a convicted sex offender is released and moving into that neighborhood. b) additional compensation for victims’ families following sex crimes. c) more rigid conviction standards for sex offenders. d) intensive therapy for sex offenders following their first offense.

a) notification of members of a community when a convicted sex offender is released and moving into that neighborhood.

Which of the following disorders is most likely to develop in the aftermath of rape? a) paranoid personality disorder b) posttraumatic stress disorder c) bipolar disorder d) masochistic personality disorder

b) posttraumatic stress disorder

Most rapists a) have a high degree of hostility toward women. b) are shy and reserved. c) can be readily distinguished from non-rapists on the basis of physical characteristics. d) are also voyeurs.

a) have a high degree of hostility toward women.

A meta-analysis of studies in which men viewed videos containing violent sexual activities indicated that after watching these videos, a) men were more likely to commit violence toward women in the weeks following the viewing of the videos. b) men were less likely to report that violence toward women was acceptable. c) men were more likely to report that violence toward women was acceptable. d) men were more sexually aroused after watching violent sexual activities than non-violent sexual activities.

c) men were more likely to report that violence toward women was acceptable.

Rapists who enter therapy for their behavior do best when a) the groups are highly confrontational. b) they complete the therapy program. c) they receive support from their family. d) they begin dating again

b) they complete the therapy program.

All of the following are reasons why women often do not report rapes EXCEPT a) believing the police would be of little assistance. b) fearing that the rapist or his family and friends may seek revenge. c) fearing that people will think she has a paraphilia. d) considering rape to be a private and personal matter.

c) fearing that people will think she has a paraphilia.

All of the following are criteria in the DSM-5 diagnosis for erectile disorder EXCEPT a) decrease in penile rigidity interferes with pleasure or penetration. b) duration of symptoms for at least three months. c) inability to maintain an erection for completion of sexual activity. d) symptoms do not resolve with the use of medications.

d) symptoms do not resolve with the use of medications.

Tyler has noticed that over the course of his last two years of graduate school, he has been experiencing very little sexual desire. He states that he rarely, if ever, fantasizes about sex. If Tyler finds this distressing, the most likely diagnosis would be a) Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder. b) Male sexual interest/desire disorder. c) Inhibited sexual desire disorder. d) Erectile dysfunction.

a) Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder.

The criteria for premature ejaculation specify that ejaculation must occur within _______ minute(s) during at least _____ % of sexual occasions. a) 1, 75 b) 5, 50 c) 1, 50 d) 5, 75

a) 1, 75

Sexual attraction to prepubescent children is known as _________________. a) Sexual aggression disorder b) Pedophilic disorder c) Exhibitionistic disorder d) Sexual aversion disorder

b) Pedophilic disorder

Which of these diagnoses does not include a criterion specifying that the victim be non-consenting? a) Sexual masochistic disorder b) Voyeuristic disorder c) Exhibitionistic disorder d) Frotteuristic disorder

a) Sexual masochistic disorder