Intro Test Bank Flashcards
The textbook chapter opens with a clinical case study about Jack, a young man who had been diagnosed with schizophrenia. In the scenario, Jack applied to get an apartment and the landlord
a) accepted him as long as he was on his medication.
b) denied him the apartment because he thought Jack might be violent.
c) denied him the apartment because Jack would be unsupervised.
d) accepted him as long as he had a guardian to look after him.
b) denied him the apartment because he thought Jack might be violent.
The textbook chapter opens with a clinical case study about Felicia. In this scenario Felicia had very few friends and was often teased. What was it that eventually made her life easier?
a) Felicia was diagnosed as having ADHD and received effective treatment.
b) Felicia was taught to keep her mouth shut during class.
c) Felicia was diagnosed as having schizophrenia and was successfully treated and cured.
d) Felicia was transferred to a school for those with behavioral disorders.
a) Felicia was diagnosed as having ADHD and received effective treatment.
The field concerned with the nature, development, and treatment of psychological disorders is called
a) psychopathology
b) psychotherapy
c) psychoanalysis
d) all of the above
a) psychopathology
Students often have __________, which makes it difficult to remain objective when learning about psychopathology.
a) diagnoses
b) fears
c) insecurities
d) preconceived notions
d) preconceived notions
The destructive beliefs and attitudes held by a society that are ascribed to groups considered different in some manner, such as people with psychological illness, are called
a) disorders
b) stigmas.
c) typecasts
d) discriminative categories.
b) stigmas
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of stigma?
a) A label applied to a group of people that distinguishes them from others.
b) A label applied to a group of people that breaks the law.
c) The label is linked to deviant or undesirable attributes by society.
d) People with the label face unfair discrimination.
b) A label applied to a group of people that breaks the law.
The 1996 __________ required that insurance companies cover mental illness at the same level as other illnesses.
a) Federal Mental Health Parity Act
b) Paul Wellstone Mental Health Parity Act
c) Addiction Equity Act
d) Americans with Disabilities Act
a) Federal Mental Health Parity Act
Which of the following acts is (are) the closest we have gotten to true parity?
a) Federal Mental Health Parity Act
b) Paul Wellstone Mental Health Parity Act
c) Addiction Equity Act
d) both b and c
d) both b and c
Which of the following is (are) our best hope for reducing the stigma against those diagnosed with a psychological disorder?
a) Increase contact
b) Increase education
c) Increase equality legislation
d) All of the above
d) All of the above
Which of the following is NOT an organization established to educate and offer support to those diagnosed with a psychological disorder?
a) National Alliance on Mental Illness
b) Mind Freedom
c) Patients Like Me
d) Mad4Life
d) Mad4Life
The best definition of mental disorder takes all of the following into account EXCEPT:
a) personal distress.
b) violation of social norms.
c) disability.
d) syndromes.
d) syndromes
Defining mental disorder on the basis of personal distress is problematic for which reason?
a) High levels of distress and suffering are normal in modern society.
b) Some mental disorders do not involve personal distress.
c) It ignores the suffering that family members of disturbed people experience.
d) It does not apply to physiological disorders.
b) Some mental disorders do not involve personal distress
Which is a limitation of “harmful dysfunction” as a definition of mental disorder?
a) It ignores the personal suffering of disturbed individuals.
b) Many dysfunctional mechanisms are not harmful.
c) Harmful dysfunction also has an impact on others.
d) The dysfunctional mechanisms are largely unknown.
d) The dysfunctional mechanisms are largely unknown
The DSM-5’s definition of “mental disorder” involves all of the following criteria EXCEPT that it:
a) occurs within multiple individuals.
b) involves dysfunction.
c) is not primarily a result of social deviance.
d) is not culturally specific reaction to an event.
a) occurs within multiple individuals
Cindy is an accomplished lawyer who sought psychological help in dealing with the stresses of balancing work and family responsibilities. Which definition of mental disorder applies to Cindy?
a) harmful dysfunction.
b) violation of social norms.
c) personal distress.
d) disability.
c) personal distress
After presenting characteristics of mental disorder, the text concludes that
a) research is needed to identify which characteristic is best.
b) different characteristics apply to various psychopathologies.
c) personal distress is the most useful characteristic.
d) together the characteristics give a comprehensive definition of abnormality.
d) together the characteristics give a comprehensive definition of abnormality.
Demonology is the
a) use of witchcraft to control the world around you.
b) devil worship and satanic cults that some believed to cause mental illness.
c) the idea that an evil being may live in a person and control his or her mind and body.
d) the practice of drilling a hole in a person’s head to allow evil spirits to escape
c) the idea that an evil being may live in a person and control his or her mind and body.
Hippocrates’ early views on mental health contributed to an enduring emphasis on
a) natural causes.
b) spirituality.
c) humors.
d) classification.
a) natural causes
Hippocrates suggested which of the following treatments for mental illness?
a) trephining
b) flogging
c) prayer and chants by faith healers.
d) care in choosing food and drink.
d) care in choosing food and drink
Hippocrates influenced psychology by
a) distinguishing medicine from religion and magic.
b) debunking the notion that the four humors were related to disorders.
c) reforming mental hospitals.
d) suggesting that mental illness was punishment from God.
a) distinguishing medicine from religion and magic
Which of the following best describes treatment of disordered people during the Dark Ages?
a) Monks in monasteries prayed over them.
b) They were chained in early asylums.
c) They were condemned as witches and tortured.
d) They were given bed rest, fed simple foods, and forced to subscribe to clean living.
a) Monks in monasteries prayed over them
Edith was accused of being a witch in 1532. She most likely lived in
a) Russia.
b) China.
c) Europe.
d) Japan.
c) Europe
The ‘Malleus Maleficarum’ was a
a) witch-hunt manual.
b) ceremonial guide used by witches.
c) treatment manual used in early mental hospitals.
d) Freudian perspective on mental illness.
a) witch-hunt manual
Which of the following suggests that many “witches” condemned during the Inquisition were, in fact, mentally disordered individuals?
a) The inquisitors themselves read letters from witches.
b) The witches were typically from lower social classes.
c) The witches “confessed” to delusions and hallucinations.
d) The witches were labeled insane by the courts of the times.
c) The witches “confessed” to delusions and hallucinations.
A detailed re-examination of the witch hunts during the Middle Ages revealed that
a) Most of the accused were not mentally ill.
b) Mental illness was more common during that time period.
c) Most witches were psychotic.
d) Many more men than women were accused, tortured and put to death.
a) Most of the accused were not mentally ill
The word ‘lunacy’ comes from a theory espoused by Paracelsus, who attributed odd behavior to
a) the effects of a full moon.
b) drinking witches’ brew.
c) a misalignment of the moon and stars.
d) witchcraft.
c) a misalignment of the moon and stars
Early asylums were developed
a) for the confinement and care of the mentally ill.
b) to protect people from witch hunts.
c) after the discovery of syphilis.
d) centuries before leprosy hospitals.
a) for the confinement and care of the mentally ill
Bedlam
a) originated from observations of ritualistic chantings of ‘witches.’
b) was a common practice of witches that involved trances and casting spells.
c) is the term associated with the chaotic conditions at early asylums.
d) is the practice of prescribing total bed rest for mentally ill people.
c) is the term associated with the chaotic conditions at early asylums.
In 1791, John was committed to an asylum in the United States. Which treatment was he likely to experience there?
a) group therapy
b) bloodletting
c) moral treatment
d) hypnosis
b) bloodletting
Who is associated with creating more humane environments at mental hospitals?
a) Emil Kraepelin
b) Joseph Breuer
c) Philippe Pinel
d) John Watson
c) Philippe Pinel
Treatment for the mentally ill during the Moral Therapy era became more humane when
a) patients were given individual attention.
b) asylums were abolished.
c) specialty hospital wards were created for the mentally ill within general care facilities
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Moral treatment involved
a) herbal remedies that may have been toxic.
b) fighting social inequities.
c) encouraging patients to engage in purposeful activities.
d) frightening the individual.
c) encouraging patients to engage in purposeful activities.
Elizabeth was receiving moral treatment while in an early asylum. Which of the following treatments was she LEAST likely to receive?
a) medication
b) physical restraints
c) purposeful activities
d) work-related tasks
b) physical restraints
“Moral treatment” was largely abandoned because of the development of
a) psychoanalysis.
b) improved medications.
c) large impersonal hospitals.
d) scandals at retreat centers.
c) large impersonal hospitals
Dorothea Dix is famous for
a) greatly improving the standard of care for people with mental illness.
b) overseeing the creation of thirty-two state hospitals for the mentally ill.
c) providing moral treatment to many people with mental illness.
d) all of the above.
d) all of the above
Similar to the early asylums, present-day mental hospitals
a) provide a great deal of stimulation.
b) provide intensive individual therapy.
c) provide merely for basic needs and medication.
d) are well staffed with nurses and psychiatrists, but have few psychologists.
c) provide merely for basic needs and medication
General paresis is best described as
a) an early term for schizophrenia.
b) hysterical paralysis with no medical cause.
c) a deterioration of mental and physical health associated with syphilis.
d) a bloodletting technique.
c) a deterioration of mental and physical health associated with syphilis.
The germ theory of disease, which states that disease is caused by infection of the body by tiny organisms, was put forth by
a) Emil Kraepelin.
b) Franz Anton Mesmer.
c) Jean Charcot.
d) Louis Pasteur.
d) Louis Pasteur
The discovery of the cause of syphilis was important to the field of mental illness for which reason?
a) Syphilis was widely feared and exacerbated mental illness.
b) It increased interest in determining biological causes for mental illness.
c) More asylum patients were diagnosed with syphilis.
d) It highlighted the need for valid diagnostic systems.
b) It increased interest in determining biological causes for mental illness.
