Session 17 - Proteins- PI Flashcards
What is the main function of albumin?
a. Contributes to the immune response
b. Contributes to colloidal oncotic pressure
c. Contributes to hydrostatic pressure
d. Participating in the coagulation cascade
Contributes to colloidal oncotic pressure
What is true of the acute phase response?
a. It can cause erythrocytosis.
b. It is due to the effects of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-alpha on production of proteins in the liver.
c. It causes hyperalbuminemia.
d. It causes an increase in immunoglobulins.
It is due to the effects of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-alpha on production of proteins in the liver.
Which of the following are functions of globulins?
a. Major contributor to colloidal oncotic pressure
b. Involved in the immune response
c. Serve as transport proteins
d. Participate in coagulation
e. B and C
f. B, C, and D
g. A, B, C, and D
B, C, and D
What is true of the acute phase response?
a. It can cause erythrocytosis.
b. It is due to the effects of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-alpha on production of proteins in the liver.
c. It causes hyperalbuminemia.
d. It causes an increase in immunoglobulins.
It is due to the effects of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-alpha on production of proteins in the liver.
- Immunoglobins will be made in the chronic phase due to the fact that it takes time to make antibodies
Which is true about protein measurement?
a. Globulins are a measured value on the chemistry analyzer printout.
b. The total protein measurement provided by the refractometry is affected by high concentrations of urea, glucose, and lipids.
c. The total protein concentration will be higher when measured off serum than off plasma.
d. Serum protein electrophoresis is an in-clinic test typically utilized to differentiate causes of hypoproteinemia.
The total protein measurement provided by the refractometry is affected by high concentrations of urea, glucose, and lipids.
Which of the following is an example of nonselective hypoproteinemia?
a. Failure of passive transfer
b. Protein-losing nephropathy
c. Inflammation (acute phase response)
d. Blood loss
Blood loss
What is the only cause of hyperalbuminemia?
a. Acute inflammation
b. Dehydration
c. Renal failure
d. Blood loss
Dehydration
What are the top two causes of hyperglobulinemia?
a. Chronic inflammation and B-cell neoplasia
b. Acute inflammation and kidney failure
c. Chemical burns and small intestinal disease
d. Liver failure and pregnancy
Chronic inflammation and B-cell neoplasia
In liver failure, why do we typically see hypoalbuminemia but not hypoglobulinemia?
a. Albumin is only produced by the liver, globulins are produced in the liver and by B-lymphocytes (plasma cells).
b. Liver failure is always inflammatory, so only albumin will decrease.
c. The diseased liver can still absorb smaller proteins like albumin, but not larger proteins like globulins.
d. Increases in liver enzymes during liver failure interferes with the analyzer’s ability to measure albumin, but not globulins.
Albumin is only produced by the liver, globulins are produced in the liver and by B-lymphocytes (plasma cells).
A 15-year-old DSH cat has a globulin concentration of 9.8 g/dL (reference interval: 3.0-4.5 g/dL). You send serum off for serum protein electrophoresis. The pathology report indicates the cat has a monoclonal gammopathy. What is your top differential diagnosis?
a. Hyperthyroidism
b. Multiple myeloma (plasma cell neoplasia)
c. Chronic histoplasmosis (fungal infection)
d. Recent cat bite abscess
Multiple myeloma (plasma cell neoplasia)
What are the two main causes of hyperfibrinogenemia?
a. Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) and liver failure
b. Inflammation and dehydration
c. Inflammation and iron deficiency anemia
d. Addison’s disease and young age
Inflammation and dehydration
