Sepsis Flashcards
What is sepsis?
Life threatening organ dysfunction due to a dysregulated host response to infection
What is septic shock?
Persisting hypotension requiring treatment to maintain blood pressure despite fluid resuscitation
What is bacteraemia?
Presence of bacteria in the blood
What are the sepsis red flags?
Responds only to voice or pain or unresponsive Acute confusional state Systolic BP <90 HR >130 RR >25 Requires oxygen for sats >92% Non-blanching rash Not passing urine properly
What is the sepsis 6?
Give
- oxygen
- empirical ax
- IV fluids
Take
- blood cultures
- urine output
- serum lactate
What is the inflammatory cascade?
Endotoxin binds to macrophages
Local = cytokines - TNF + interleukins
Systemic = cytokines into circulation
Sepsis = infection not controlled
Why are cytokines released?
Stimulate inflammatory response
Promote wound repair
Recruit reticuloendothelial system
Initiate production of thrombin - promote coafulation
What is a common cause of sepsis?
Menigitis
What organism causes meningitis commonly?
Neisseria meningitidis
How is neisseria meningitidis spread?
Direct contact with respiratory secretions
What is the empiric choice of abx for meningitis?
Ceftriaxone
What are life threatening complications of sepsis?
Irreversible hypotension Respiritory failure AKI Raised intercranial pressure Ischaemic necrosis
How can meningitis be confirmed?
Blood culture
LP
