Adaptive Immune Response Flashcards
What are key cells in the adaptive immune response?
T lymphocytes
Antigen presenting cells
What are features of antigen presenting cells?
In a strategic location
Capture pathogens
Diversity in pathogen sensors (PRRs)
Where are antigen presenting cells found?
Skin (SALT)
Mucous membranes (GALT)
Lymphoid organs
Blood circulation
How to APCs capture pathogens?
Phagocytosis
Macropinocytosis
What are the different types of APCs?
Dendritic cells
Langerhan’s cells
Macrophages
B cells
Where are dendritic cells found?
Lymph nodes
Mucous membranes
Blood
What do dendritic cells present to?
Naïve T cells
Where are Langerhan’s cells found?
Skin
What do Langerhan’s cells present to?
Naïve T cells
Where are macrophages found?
Various tissues
What do macrophages present to?
Effector T cells
Where are B cells found?
Lymphoid tissues
What to B cells present to?
Effector T cells
Naïve T cells
What makes up humoral immunity?
Antibodies
Complement
What makes up cell-dependent immunity?
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes
Antibodies
Macrophages
What are the types of major histocompatibility complex?
Class 1 - found on all nucleated cells
Class 2 - found on dendritic cells, macrophages, B cells
What are features of MHC molecules?
Co-dominant expression
Polymorphic genes
What is the main function of MHC class 1?
Present peptides from intracellular microbes
What is the main function of MHC class 2?
Present peptides from extracellular microbes
What cells recognise MHC class 1?
CD8+ T cells
What cells recognise MHC class 2?
CD4+ T cells
What are clinical problems with MHC molecules?
Organ transplant rejection
HLA association in automimmune disease
What happens with extracellular microbes?
Presented via MHC class 2
Presneted to CD4+ T cells (TH2)
Humoral immunity
What happens with intracellular microbes?
Presented via MHC class 2
Presented to CD4+ T cells (TH1)
Cell-dependent immunity
Presented via MHC class 1
Presented to CD8+ T cells
Become cytotoxic T cells
