Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Infection > HIV > Flashcards

HIV Flashcards

1
Q

What is HIV?

A

Human immunodeficiency virus

ssRNA retrovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What cells does HIV infect?

A

Cells with CD4 receptor

- T helper lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How does HIV replicate?

A

Virus binds to CD4 receptor + coreceptor
Virus penetrates cell + empties its contents into cell
Reverse transcriptase converts ssRNA -> dsDNA
Integrase combines viral DNA with host DNA
Viral DNA codes for protein
Viral protein forms immature virus
Immature virus pushes out of cell
Protease cuts viral proteins = mature virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How is HIV transmitted?

A

Contact of infected bodily fluid with mucosal tissue/blood/broken skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the stages of HIV infection?

A 
Primary HIV infection 
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4 / AIDS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Are there any symptoms in primary HIV infection?

A

Asymptomatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the CD4 count in primary HIV infection?

A

Normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Are there any symptoms in stage 1?

A

Asymptomatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the CD4 count in stage 1?

A

> 500

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Are there any symptoms in stage 2?

A

Mild

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the CD4 count in stage 2?

A

<500

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Are there any symptoms in stage 3?

A

Advanced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the CD4 count in stage 3?

A

<350

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Are there any symptoms in stage 4?

A

Severe

AIDS defining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the CD4 count in stage 4?

A

<200

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the symptoms of an acute HIV infection?

A 
Fever
Weight loss
Mouth sores
Myalgia 
Headache 
Lymphadenopathy 
Rash 
N+V
17
Q

What conditions are associated with severe HIV?

A

CMV infection
Oral candidiasis
PCP pneumonia
HPV

18
Q

What factors affect HIV transmission?

A

Type of exposure
Viral load in blood
Condom use
Breaks in skin

19
Q

What are the tests for HIV?

A

Serology
PCR
Rapid tests

20
Q

What is tested for in serology?

A

HIV antigen

HIV antibody

21
Q

What is tested for in PCR?

A

HIV nucleic acid

22
Q

What is tested for in rapid test?

A

HIV antibody

23
Q

What is used to treat HIV?

A

Anti-retrovirals

24
Q

What are the aims of HIV treatment?

A 
Undetectable viral load 
Reconstitute CD4 count
Reduce general inflammation 
Reduce risk of transmission 
Normalise lifespan
25
Q

What ARVs are used?

A

2 NRTIs + NNRTI or protease inhibitor or integrase inhibitor

26
Q

What is an NRTI?

A

nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor

27
Q

What is a NNRTI?

A

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor

Infection (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions