Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuro AM > Sensory systems > Flashcards

Sensory systems Flashcards

1
Q

What is the receptive field?

A

Receptors that respond to stimulus over a specific area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How is the receptor potential produced?

A

Sensory receptors transduce adequate stimuli into depolarisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the size of the receptor potential control?

A

Whether an action potentials is fired

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What doe the frequency of action potential encode?

A

Intensity of stimulua

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the receptive field encode?

A

Intensity of stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What determines acuity?

A

Density of innervation

Size of receptive fields

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are action potentials transmitted to the CNS by?

A

Axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the 3 types of afferent fibres involve din cutaneous sensation?

A

A β
A δ
C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the structure of A beta fibres?

A

Large myelinated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the structure of A delta fibres

A

Small myelinated fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the structure of C fibres?

A

Unmyelinated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do A beta fibres detect?

A

Touch
Pressure
Vibration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do A delta fibres detect?

A

Cold
“fast” pain
Pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do C fibres detect?

A

Warmth

“slow” pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What types of fibres mediate proprioception?

A

A alpha and A beta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where do sensory fibres enter the spinal cord?

A

Via dorsal root ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where do sensory fibres enter the CNS in the head?

A

Cranial nerve ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the mechanoreceptive sensory receptors?

A

A alpha and A beta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the thermoreceptive and nociceptive sensory receptors?

A

A delta and C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How do the mechanoreceptors reach the brain?

A

Project straight up through the ipsilateral dorsal column and synapse at the cutenate and gracile nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where do mechanoreceptive fibres cross over?

A

In the brainstem

22
Q

Where to 2nd order mechanoreceptive fibres project to in the brain

A

Reticular formation
Thalamus
Cortex

23
Q

Where do thermoreceptive and nociceptive fibres synapse?

A

Dorsal horn

24
Q

Where do thermoreceptive and nociceptive fibres cross the midline?

A

Spinal cord

25
Q

How do thermoreceptive and nociceptive fibres get to the brain?

A

Project up through the contralateral spinnothalamic tract

26
Q

Where do thermoreceptive and nociceptive fibres go to in the brain?

A

Reticular formation
Thalamus
Cortex

27
Q

What would happen if there was damage to the dorsal columns?

A

Loss of touch, vibration, proprioception below lesion on ipsilateral side

28
Q

What route up the spinal cord does the spinothalamic tract take?

A

Anterolateral

29
Q

What would happen if the was damage to the anterolateral quadrant?

A

Loss of nociceptive and temperature below lesion on contralateral side

30
Q

Where do somatosensory fibres ultimately terminate?

A

Somatosensory cortex of post central gyrus

31
Q

What is the extent of representation of each region in the somatosensory cortex related to?

A

Density of receptors in each area

32
Q

What is adaption?

A

Change over time of responsiveness to a constant stimulus

33
Q

What does adaption cause?

A

Only notice when there is a change in stimulus to prevent sensory overload

34
Q

What is the function of convergence?

A

Saves neurones

35
Q

What is a downside of convergence?

A

Reduces acuity

36
Q

What is lateral inhibition?

A

Activation of one sensory inut causes synaptic inhibition of its neighbors

37
Q

What is the function of lateral inhibition?

A

Gives better definition of boundaries

Cleans up sensory information

38
Q

What can alter perception?

A

State of mind can alter perceived importance of stimulus

39
Q

What causes transduction of low pH?

A

ASIC

40
Q

What causes transduction of heat?

A

VR1

41
Q

What are the local chemical receptors of nociceptors?

A

Bradykinin
Histamine
Prostaglandins

42
Q

What fibres are involved in the processing of nociceptive information?

A

A delta and C

43
Q

Where do processing nociceptive fibres synapse?

A

Dorsal horn

44
Q

What is the pathway of nociceptive fibres to the brain?

A

Synapse at dorsal horn, then cross over in spinal cord and project up through spinothalamic tract to reticular formation, thalamus and cortex

45
Q

What role do a alpha and beta fibres have in prevention of pain?

A

Activate inhibitory interneurons that release endorphins and inhibit transmitter release from A delta and C fibres
Activate descending pathways from periaqueductal grey matter and nucleus raphe magnus

46
Q

Hw do NSAIDs prevent pain?

A

Desensitise nociceptors to bradykinin

47
Q

By what process do NSAIDs desensitise nociceptors to bradykinin?

A

Inhibit cycle-oxygenase, which normally converts arachidonic acid to prostaglandins, which normally sensitise nociceptors to bradykinin

48
Q

How do local anaesthetics prevent pain?

A

Block Na+ action potential and therefore all axonal transmission

49
Q

How does transcutaneous nerve stimulation pres=vent pain?

A

Activation of mechanoreceptors to block transmission of nociceptive stimuli

50
Q

How do opiates prevent pain?

A

Reduce sensitivity of nociceptors
Block transmitter release in dorsal horn
Activate descending inhibitory pathways

Neuro AM (38 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions