Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Comparative Anatomy > senses > Flashcards

senses Flashcards

1
Q

the chemical or electrical changes induced by a stimulus

A

sensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what you do with the sensation

A

perception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

skin, body surfaces, & skeletal muscles

A

somatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

in viscera

A

visceral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

from environment

A

extertoteceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

sensations from organs

A

interoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

a sense organ in striated muscles, joints and tendons

A

proprioceptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

widely distributed

A

general sensory organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

localized specialized

A

special sensory organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

a type of general sensory sensory receptors that may arborize

  • mainly pain, can be extreme hot or cold or touch
  • no specialized organs
A

free nerve endings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

enclosed in specialized structure

A

encapsulated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

sensory ending wrapped in mesodermal cells- touch

A

meissners corpiscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

skin, joints, deep tissue (pancreas) – pressure

A

Pacinian corpuscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

terminus wrapped around another organ

-ex/ hair

A

associated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

From information gathered in muscles, tendons, and joints

-limb flexion and degree of muscle contraction

A

proprioception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

specialized striated intrafusal muscle cells

-maintain muscle tone

A

intrafusal muscle cells

-muscle spindles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

relaxed state

A

tonus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Relax too much – detect sag – reflex sent to extrafusal cells
Also sense stretch

A

muscle spindles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

record tension in organs

A

golgi tendon organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

control smell and taste

A

chemoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

tastebuds are absent in what

A

Hagfish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

tastebud distribution in mammals

A

sill has orophrynx but mainly tongue aiwht some on epiglottis, soft palate and pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

– pain/temperature receptors – spicy

A

pungency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

mint, menthol, cold receptors

A

coolness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

tingling from Sichuan Pepper

A

Numbness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

puckering – unripe fruit, tannins, wine

A

Astringency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

galvanic reaction

A

metallicness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

chalkiness

A

calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

specialized patch of epithelium that captures chemicals

A

olfactory epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

have tuft of sensory cilia (apical)

(basal) axon through cribiform plate to

A

olfactory sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

mitral cells send long axons to rest of brain (olfactory tract) to piriform lobe and septum

A

olfactory bulb (brain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

the new internal naris in Osteolepimorphs allows

A

breathing and smell to be linked

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Nasal Sac Enlarges, Separate recess – Vomeronasal (Jacobsen’s) Organ

A

amphibians

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Nasal Sac Very large, Extensive terminals, olfactory epithelium back, rest respiratory

A

mammals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Internal Choana

A

Osteolepimorph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Nasal sac differentiated, some with Conchae (turbinals), Jacobsen’s organ separate, Birds with scroll-like conchae

A

reptiles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

vomeronasal organ in squamates

A

tongue flicking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

many fish, reptiles and birds can detect

A

UV light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

vampire bats, pythons and pit vipers can detect

A

IR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

concentrate light on photoreceptive tissue (retina)

A

eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

low light sensors

-sense black and white

A

rods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

detect colors

A

cones

43
Q

focusing

A

visual accomodation

44
Q
  • focusing and protection – portion of sclera that becomes clear
A

cornea

45
Q

Tough capsule of connective tissu

-helps define shape

A

extrinsic eye muscle

46
Q

help reptiles and fish hold shape

A

scleral ossicles

47
Q

largest, highly vascularized, support

Nocturnal animals – tapetum lucidum – reflects light

A

choroid

48
Q

– tiny circle of smooth muscle
controls accommodation
Attached to lens by suspensory ligament (circular)

A

ciliary body

49
Q

smooth muscle

A

iris

50
Q

hole in center

A

pupil

51
Q

innermost layer

A

retina

52
Q

middle layer

A

uvea

53
Q

outer layer

A

sclera

54
Q

in some retina, indented point where light converges

A

fovea

-sharpest focus

55
Q

Filled with transparent fluid that helps maintain shape

A

chambers

56
Q

watery in front of the eye

A

aqueous humor

anterior and posterior chamber

57
Q

Vitreous Humor – viscous

Sometimes called vitreous body

A

Vitreous chamber

58
Q

development of eye

A
  1. optic vesicles
  2. optic placode
  3. optic placode-> lens primordium
  4. optic vesscle->optic cup
  5. mesenchyme surrounds eye
59
Q

choroid and sclera

A

mesenchyme

60
Q

eyelid, cornea, lens

A

ectoderm

61
Q

optic nerve

A

optic stalk

62
Q 
No cornea, lens or melanin
Primitive photoreceptors (wired directly to ganglion cells)
A

hagfish

63
Q

Has pigment spot

A

amphioxous

64
Q

had the earliest focusing eye

-camera lens

A

lamprey, chondrichthys

65
Q

clear skin on front of cornea in lampreys

A

spectacle

66
Q

mucles attached direclty to lens in chondrichthys

A

protractor lentis

67
Q

lens spherical and held by syspersory ligament

A

chondrithyes and bony fish and amphibians

68
Q

muscles attached directly to lens in bony fish

A

retractor lentis

69
Q

circular suspersony ligament stretches lens

A

amiotes

70
Q

not analogous to camera lens

A

amniotes

71
Q

blood vessels to supports retina

A

papillary cone in nonavian reptiles

pecten in birds

72
Q

dim light rods

A

scotopic

73
Q

bright light, color, cones

A

photopic

74
Q

earliest verts has what kind of vision

A

tetrachromic

75
Q

amphibian ision

A

lack cones- trichromic

76
Q

mammals

A

dichromic

77
Q

old wold monkeys

A

trichromic (us)

78
Q

new world monkeys

A

females-dichromic if homo

trichromic if hetero

79
Q

pineal organ or gland

A

epiphysis

80
Q

with parietal foramen so parietal organ

A

ostracoderms

81
Q

epiphysis and parietal organ with some photosensitivity

A

lampreys

82
Q

Epiphysis prominent

Parietal Organ – absent or rudimentary

A

jawed fish

83
Q

Epiphysis and Parietal Organ – generally both present primitively

A

amphibians

84
Q

Distinct parietal eye in fossil

A

lissamphibia

85
Q

Epiphysis and Parietal Organ –both present

Distinct third eye

A

lizards and tuataras

86
Q

Lateral Line Sense, vestibular apparatus, hearing

Based on Hair Cells

A

mechanoreceptors

87
Q
  • Microvilli – projections of unequal length, nonmobile
A

stereocilia

88
Q

one long cilium

A

kinocilium

89
Q

Stereocilia + Kinocilium

A

hair bundle

90
Q

Collection of hair and supporting cells

A

Neuromast Organ

91
Q

Projecting hair bundles usually embedded in gelatinous cap

A

capula

-increase sensitivity

92
Q

called distant touch

-may pick up some sound waves

A

lateral line sense

93
Q

balace organ

A

vestibular apparatus

94
Q

the vestibular apparatus may contain

A

oroliths or smaller otoconia (mammals)

95
Q

A specialized region for hearing

A

Lagena

-coiled in mammals called cochlea

96
Q

Specialized strip of neuromasts connected via VIII

A

organ of corti

97
Q

tube (particularly long in birds and mammals)

A

external auditory meatus

98
Q

therians add what for directional heating?

A

pinnae

99
Q

middle ear

A

typanum

100
Q

remains of cavity remains open to pharynx

A

Eustachian Tube

101
Q

vestibular apparatus (balance organ) and lagena

A

inner ear

102
Q

translates sounds in air to sounds in water

-also amplifies sound

A

ossicles

103
Q

addition of middle ear

A

tympanic ear

-evolved 5x

104
Q

chewing noises transferred through

A

auditory chain

Comparative Anatomy (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions