Sensation Quiz Flashcards
Selective attention
state of awareness in which one’s focus is upon one particular stimuli • multi-tasking is impossible • most sensations are never perceived
Inattentional blindness
focusing upon a particular stimulus so that… √ one is “blind” to any other stimuli
Bottom-up processing
a. process of sensation b. senses send information to the brain (see top-down processing of perception) c. Absolute thresholds: √ the weakest level of a stimulus that can be correctly detected at least half the time
iris:
√ colored muscle surrounding the pupil: √ regulates the size of the pupil opening
pupil:
√ opening in the iris √ affected by arousal √ affected by psychoactive drug use
Light enters
retina
Incorporates photo receptor cells (rod and cones) and incorporates bypolar cells and gangalin cells
rods:
√ photoreceptor cells in the retina √ detect black, white, and gray and movement √ necessary for peripheral and dim-light vision when cones do not respond
cones:
√ photoreceptor cells in the retina √ detect color and fine detail in daylight or in bright-light conditions √ most are concentrated at the fovea of the retina
fovea:
√ in the direct line of sight √ incorporates the highest concentration of cones √ visual acuity is sharpest
optic nerve:
√ the nerve pathway which carries data from the eye to the brain √ formed by ganglion cell axons
pinna:
• funnels sound into the ear
Cochlea:
→ snail-shaped fluid-filled tube with hair cells on the basilar membrane → transduces vibrations via hair receptor cells aka next inline with hearing
Tranduces vibrations
hammer anvil stirrup
• transmits eardrum’s vibrations via mechanism of 3 tiny bones: → further amplifies sound to inner ear
eardrum:
• vibrates with sound waves • amplifies vibrations
hearing takes place heer
Auditory nerve:
• sends transduced stimuli to the brain
Transduction
process by which sensory systems convert physical and chemical stimuli into electrical signals that the nervous system can use (convert energy for PSN/CSN)
Sensation
The world providing info (stimuli) into our brains Stimuli= energy Physical energy: sound, light, temp, pressure Chemical: odor, flavor
Wave length
Allows humans to perceive color
Amplitude
Allows humans to perceive brightness
Cocktail-party effect
Selectively attending to one stimuli such as listening to someone talking to u and u change ur focus when u hear it name
Difference threshold and just noticleble difference
Minimum difference between any two stimuli that a person can detect 50% of the time (hold wieghts how much do we add till we notice)
Webers law
Our ability to detect difference between stimli basically formula of two stilumi tocchange
Short wavelength
High pitch sounds blue color
Long wavelength
Low pitch sounds red color
Amplitude big
Loud sounds bright colors
Small amplitude
Short sound dull colors
Cornea
Help to direct light into the eye
Lens
Focuses the light
Accomodation
Process of changing the curvature of the lens to focus light rays onto the retina
ear canal
Directs sound in to the ear
