Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSY 200 > Sensation > Flashcards

Sensation Flashcards

1
Q

sensory information

A

is gathered through vision, hearing, smell, taste, and touch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Perception

A

allows us to organize and interpret sensory information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

transduction

A

conversion of external energy to neural energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

coding

A

transformation of neural energy by the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

equilibrioception

A

sense of balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

sense of balance

A

equilibrioception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Thermoception

A

sense of temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

sense of temperature

A

thermoception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

proprioception

A

sense of limb position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

sense of limb position

A

proprioception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

kinesthesia

A

sense of physical movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

sense of physical movement

A

kinesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

nociception

A

sense of pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

sense of pain

A

nociception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The conversion of sensory information from external energy to a neural, electrical signal is called _______, and the way that neural energy is transformed and understood by the brain is called ________.

A

transduction, coding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

change in responsiveness due to change in stimulus

A

sensory adaptation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

perception

A

nterpretation of sensory stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

physical properties are translated into neural activity patterns.

A

coding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

felt him/herself falling?

A

kinesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

felt his/her limbs sprawling on the floor?

A

proprioception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Another name for balance besides equilibrioception?

A

vestibular sense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The sense that helps you stay upright is the…

A

vestibular sense, which tells you your head is up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

sclera

A

outer white part of eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

cornea

A

transparent part at front of eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

pupil

A

hole through which light enters eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

iris

A

colored area surrounding pupil that controls amount of light entering eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

lens

A

structure that changes shape to adjust focus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

retina

A

located at the back of the eye and contains photoreceptors, or receptor cells, that detect light entering eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

rods

A

sensitive to brightness and function best in dim light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

cones

A

sensitive to color and function best in daylight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

optic disc

A

has no rods or cones; it is known as the blind spot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

T or F

Cones function best in dim light, while rods function best in bright daylight.

A

F

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

T or F

Cones are more numerous at the center of the retina, while rods are more numerous at the edge of the retina.

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

T or F

The iris controls the amount of light entering the eye.

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Brightness of a light wave is controlled by…

A

amplitude

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Color of a light wave is controlled by…

A

wavelength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Where are rods more numerous at?

A

More numerous at edge of retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Order these:

1) light enters through the pupil
2) Light passes through the cornea
3) light hits the retina
4) light passes through the lens

A

Light passes through the cornea, then enters through the pupil, then passes through the lens then hits the retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

short cones

A

are best at detecting blue light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

are best at detecting blue light

A

short cones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

long cones

A

are best at detecting red light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

light mixing

A

occurs when lights are mixed to create other colors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

pigment mixing

A

occurs when dyes and inks are reflected rather than emit light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

RG cells

A

activated by red light and inhibited by green light

45
Q

YB cells

A

are activated by yellow lights and inhibited by blue lights

46
Q

extrastriate cortex

A

receives information on movement, orientation, and color

47
Q

parietal lobe

A

handles depth and motion

48
Q

receives information on movement, orientation, and color

A

extrastriate cortex

49
Q

ganglion

A

retina cells that receive information from rods and cones

50
Q

striate

A

cortex located in the occiptal lobe

51
Q

Which lobe handles depth and motion?

A

parietal lobe

52
Q

where is the visual cortex located in?

A

The occipital lobe

53
Q

Which lobe handles information on form and color?

A

Temporal

54
Q

pitch

A

frequency of a sound wave heard by the ear

55
Q

volume

A

height, or amplitude of a wave

56
Q

sound waves

A

enter the auditory system through outer ear, then travel through the ear canal and vibrate the ear drum

57
Q

Ossicles

A

located in middle ear and consist of three small bones -hammer,anvil, and stirrup

58
Q

cochlea

A

coiled, fluid filled structure inside the inner ear that receives sound vibrations from ossicles

59
Q

auditory signal

A

shifts from mechanical energy travelling through the air, bone, and fluid to neural energy in cochlear hair cells

60
Q

brain region where neural energy is processed

A

auditory cortex

61
Q

What are the steps of processing sound in their correct order?

A

1) Sound waves hit the pinna
2) Sound waves travel through the ear canal
3) Sound waves vibrate the ear drum
4) Vibrations travel through the ossicles
5) Vibrations reach the cochlea, which releases neurotransmitters
6) Neural energy is processed in the auditory

62
Q

Another name for outer ear

A

pinna

63
Q

Another name for eardrum

A

tympanum

64
Q

Know how to label the different parts of the ear?

A

Okay

65
Q

What detects light in the eyes?

A

Photoreceptors; Rods see how bright but phtoreceptors in general detect light

66
Q

gustation

A

sense of taste - ability to sense flavor by processing chemicals through the tongue; the five basic tastes are sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and umami

67
Q

taste buds

A

clusters of receptor cells located on the tongue’s bumps (papillae)

68
Q

olfaction

A

sense of smell

69
Q

olfactory bulb

A

located below frontal lob of brain, processes detected smell

70
Q

When food is acidic, it tastes ______. When food is alkaline or toxic, it tastes ______. When food contains sugar, it tastes sweet. The most recently discovered taste is ______.

A

sour, bitter, sweet, umami

71
Q

Tastants are

A

food molecules

72
Q

Taste buds are…

A

clusters of taste receptors

73
Q

Where is the olfactory bulb located?

A

The proper term for the location of the olfactory bulb is subcortical, meaning it is under (sub) the cortex (the outer layer of the brain that contains lobes). In the front of the brain at the bottom

74
Q

Tongue bumps are papillae or taste buds?

A

papillae

75
Q

glutamate corresponds with what taste?

A

umami

76
Q

List the steps of the sense of taste.

A

Food enters your mouth,

tastants dissolve in saliva, tastants bind with taste buds, flavor is perceived

77
Q

Light pressure that is strong enough for us to pinpoint the location of a stimulus is called ________ touch.

A larger area of skin being deflected when a stimulus pushes harder is called _______.

When an object with ridges rubs against the skin, receptors pick up ______.

A

discriminative, stretch, vibration

78
Q

somatosensory

A

system that includes bodily senses

79
Q

Where are tension receptors locate?

A

In our muscle tendons

80
Q

Where are stretch receptors located?

A

In our muscles

81
Q

Endorphins

A

neurotransmitters that reduce pain

82
Q

gate control theory

A

the idea that pain signals can be reduced by competing non-pain signals

83
Q

Reducing the efficiency of some types of neural transmissions can be done through…

A

Painkillers

84
Q

The part of the brain that processes sensations

A

somatosensory cortex

85
Q

Sensory information travels behind the eye to the optic ______.

A

nerve

86
Q

The senses of touch, pain, temperature, and movement are processed in the primary _______ cortex, which is located in the parietal lobe.

A

somatosensory, parietal

87
Q

What structure is the primary somatosensory cortex located in?

A

The postcentral gyrus

88
Q

thresholds

A

upper and lower limits of stimuli

89
Q

absolute threshold

A

lowest level at which stimulus can be correctly detected 50 percent of the time

90
Q

sensory adaption

A

when sensory receptors respond more slowly after repeated or prolonged stimulation

91
Q

sensation of touch

A

adapts quickly when pressure stops changing

92
Q

Which method is used to test thresholds

A

staircase method

93
Q

this sense adapts more quickly than other senses

A

touch

94
Q

Which scientist developed the concept of threshold

A

Fechner

95
Q

psychophysics

A

branch of psychology that studies the effects of physical stimuli upon mental states

96
Q

difference threshold

A

smallest difference that can be recognized 50% of the time

97
Q

Weber’s Law

A

states the smallest detectable change in intensity is proportional to original intensity

98
Q

scaling

A

mathematical way of measuring the difference between actual intensity of a stimulus and its perceived intensity

99
Q

supraliminal

A

stimuli above the threshold

100
Q

subliminal

A

stimuli below the threshold

101
Q

JND

A

smallest difference that is detected 50% of the time

102
Q

Noticing a change that has been made gradually can be described as…

A

indirect scaling

103
Q

How intense a stimulus must be in order to be perceived can be described as….

A

detection

104
Q

Give an example of direct scaling.

A

Rating an intensity on a scale

105
Q

Scaling

A

mathematical way of measuring the difference between actual and perceived intensity

106
Q

After interpretation by the rods and cones, light information is sent to _______ cells in the retina.

A

ganglion

107
Q

Ganglion cells that are activated by red light are called ____ cellse.

Ganglion cells that are activated by yellow light are called ____ cells.

Visual information from ganglion cells travels to the ________ cortex.

A

RG, YB, primary visual

108
Q

What feature of a stimulus is usually measured in psychophysics?

A

intensity

PSY 200 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions