Selenium Flashcards
1
Q
Disease associated with deficiency
A
- White muscle disease in lambs, calves and foals
- hepatosis dietetica in pigs
- exudative diathesis in chicks
- nutritional pancreatic atrophy in chickens
- porcine stress syndrome
2
Q
Low sodium areas
A
Northeast, East coast, florida, washington and half of west coast
3
Q
Use
A
- feed supplements
- antioxidant supplement
- medicated shampoo for dermatitis
4
Q
Source
A
- Cattle, sheep and horses get it from plants
- swine and poultry get grains from selenium rich soil
5
Q
Seleniferous plants
A
- Obligate accumulators
- Facultative accumulators
- passive accumulators- normal crops
- unpalatable and have a bad odor
6
Q
Toxicosis
A
- Overdosage
- contaminated water
- improper use of shampoos
7
Q
Properties
A
- Essential trace element
- Similar to sulfur and arsenic
- combines with -SH
- is a component of glutathione peroxidase
- irritant to mucous membranes
8
Q
3 oxidation states
A
- selenate +6
- selenite +4
- selenide -2
9
Q
How does selenium act as an antioxidant
A
- prevents cellular degeneration with vitamin E
10
Q
Toxicity most to least
A
organic –> selenate–> selenite –> selenide –> synthetic
11
Q
How is toxicity reduced
A
- high protein diet
- ingestions of other elements that bind Se (copper)
12
Q
Toxicokinetics
A
- absorbed from small intestine
- organic is more absorbed than other states
- elemental Se is not absorbed/ soluble in water
- distributed throughout the body
- can cross placenta and is excreted in milk
13
Q
Where will you find high conc. of Se
A
- Hair and hoof
14
Q
What increases biliary excretion
A
arsenic
15
Q
MOA
A
- Irritant of GI
- depletion of tissue glutathione
- replaces sulfur in amino acids = fucked up proteins
- decrease ATP
- decrease tissue ascorbic acid
