Fungicides

Question 1

Fungicides generally have a high or low toxicity

Answer 1

low if properly used

Question 2

Pentachlorophenol abbr.

Answer 2

PCP

Question 3

PCP stands for

Answer 3

Pentachlorophenol

Question 4

PCP use

Answer 4

• old wood preservative no longer in use

Question 5

Source of PCP exposure

Answer 5

• vapor can penetrate intact skin
• inhalation from treated wood (sheds/ barns)
• licking wood
• contaminated feeds/ water

Question 6

what is the most toxic route of exposure for PCP

Answer 6

• dermal

- especially for newborn animals

Question 7

Properties of PCP

Answer 7

• chlorinated hydrocarbon
• very soluble in oils but not water unless in salt form
• volatile
• decomposed by bacteria

Question 8

PCP toxicity

Answer 8

• acute= oral or dermal LD50 is 100-200 mg/ kg

- chronic= 40-70 mg/ kg

Question 9

Factors that increase PCP toxicity

Answer 9

• High temperature
• oily vehicles
• previous exposure
• newborn
• hyperthyroidism

Question 10

Factors that decrease PCP toxicity

Answer 10

• cold temperature
• antithyroid drugs
• body fat

Question 11

PCP toxicokinetics

Answer 11

• Absorbed from GI tract, inhalation and intact skin
• distributed through body
• half life 2 days ish

Question 12

How is PCP metabolized

Answer 12

• conjugates to glucuronic acid

- excreted as such or unchanged in urine

Question 13

How long until PCP residues are not in the body

Answer 13

1 week

Question 14

MOA of PCP

Answer 14

• uncouples oxphos and blocks/ decreases ATP
• increased oxygen demand
• leads to overheating, metabolic acidosis and dehydration

Question 15

PCP clinical signs in acute cases

Answer 15

• may see no signs

- hyperthermia, tachycardia, dyspnea, cyanosis, seizure, collapse and death

Question 16

PCP clinical signs in chronic toxicosis

Answer 16

• weight loss, decreased milk production, anemia, fetal malformations
• possible abortions

Question 17

PCP lesions

Answer 17

• rapid rigor mortis
• irritation of membranes
• pulmonary congestion and edema
• dark blood
• hyperkeratosis

Question 18

what to test for PCP poisoning

Answer 18

• blood and urine in live animal

- kidney and skin in dead animal

Question 19

treatment for PCP

Answer 19

• no specific antidote

- detox with emetics, gastric lavage (5% sodium bicarb), activated charcoal, mineral oil, bath

Question 20

Supportive therapy for PCP

Answer 20

• lowering body temp
• IV fluids
• antibiotics to prevent secondary infections

Question 21

Prognosis for PCP

Answer 21

• fair if the animal survives 24 hours