Fungicides Flashcards
1
Q
Fungicides generally have a high or low toxicity
A
low if properly used
2
Q
Pentachlorophenol abbr.
A
PCP
3
Q
PCP stands for
A
Pentachlorophenol
4
Q
PCP use
A
- old wood preservative no longer in use
5
Q
Source of PCP exposure
A
- vapor can penetrate intact skin
- inhalation from treated wood (sheds/ barns)
- licking wood
- contaminated feeds/ water
6
Q
what is the most toxic route of exposure for PCP
A
- dermal
- especially for newborn animals
7
Q
Properties of PCP
A
- chlorinated hydrocarbon
- very soluble in oils but not water unless in salt form
- volatile
- decomposed by bacteria
8
Q
PCP toxicity
A
- acute= oral or dermal LD50 is 100-200 mg/ kg
- chronic= 40-70 mg/ kg
9
Q
Factors that increase PCP toxicity
A
- High temperature
- oily vehicles
- previous exposure
- newborn
- hyperthyroidism
10
Q
Factors that decrease PCP toxicity
A
- cold temperature
- antithyroid drugs
- body fat
11
Q
PCP toxicokinetics
A
- Absorbed from GI tract, inhalation and intact skin
- distributed through body
- half life 2 days ish
12
Q
How is PCP metabolized
A
- conjugates to glucuronic acid
- excreted as such or unchanged in urine
13
Q
How long until PCP residues are not in the body
A
1 week
14
Q
MOA of PCP
A
- uncouples oxphos and blocks/ decreases ATP
- increased oxygen demand
- leads to overheating, metabolic acidosis and dehydration
15
Q
PCP clinical signs in acute cases
A
- may see no signs
- hyperthermia, tachycardia, dyspnea, cyanosis, seizure, collapse and death
