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neuroanatomy > Section 4 Part 2 > Flashcards

Section 4 Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a radiculopathy?

A

damage to a spinal nerve in the dorsal or ventral root

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2
Q

What are the symptoms of a radiculopathy?

A
  • burning or tingling down dermatome affected
  • weakening of muscles affected by spinal nerve

-not complete sensory/motor loss because dermatomes and myotomes overlap

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3
Q

Where is the most common location for a disc herniation?

A

C6, C7, L5, S1

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4
Q

Describe axons of:
epicritic nerves
nociceptive

A

epi -large and heavily myelinated

noci - small and less myelinated

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5
Q

Where is the number of motor nuclei in the ventral horn the greatest?

A

(Lateral motor nuclei) in the limb segments:
brachial - C5-T1
lumbrosacral - L3 - S2

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6
Q

As you ascend rostrally, what happens to the white matter?

A

it increases

  • more and more sensory axons join
  • less and less motor axons have branched off
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7
Q

What two features are unique about the thoracic segments and what vertebrae does this correspond to?

A

T1-L2

  • intermediolateral cell group
  • Clarke’s nucleus
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8
Q

What is the intermediolateral cell group?

A

cell bodies of preganglionic sympathetic efferent neurons

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9
Q

What is clark’s nucleus?

A

cerebellar relay nucleus

-origin of the dorsal spinocerebellar tract

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10
Q

What is unique about sacral segments?

A

preganglionic parasympathetic neurons

not contained in a special area however

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11
Q

What are the three types of funicul

i?

A

dorsal - btwn the two dorsal horns
lateral - lateral to gray matter
ventral - btwn the two ventral horns

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12
Q

If Disc C4-C5 is compressed, injuring C5, what muscles will become weak?

A
  • deltoid
  • infrapinatus
  • biceps
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13
Q

If Disc C4-C5 is compressed, injuring C5, what reflex is lost?

A

biceps reflex

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14
Q

If Disc C4-C5 is compressed, injuring C5, where will there be sensory loss?

A

shoulder

upper lateral arm

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15
Q

If disc c5-c6 is compressed, injuring C6, what muscles become weak?

A

wrist extensors

biceps

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16
Q

If disc c5-c6 is compressed, injuring C6,where will there be a decreased reflex?

A

biceps

brachioradialis

17
Q

If disc c5-c6 is compressed, injuring C6, where will there be sensory loss?

A

lateral arm and forearm

skin of thumb and index finger

18
Q

If disc C6-C7 is compressed, injuring C7 what muscles become weak?

A

triceps

19
Q

If disc C6-C7 is compressed, injuring C7, what reflex is lost ?

A

Triceps

20
Q

If disc C6-C7 is compressed, injuring C7, where will there be sensory loss?

A

posterior arm and forearm

skin of index and middle fingers

21
Q

If nerve root L1-L2 is damaged, following compression of T12-L1 and L1-L2, what muscles will be weak? What movement?

A

illiopsoas
psoas major

Hip flexion

22
Q

If nerve root L1-L2 is damaged, following compression of T12-L1 and L1-L2, what reflex will be decreased?

A

none

23
Q

If nerve root L1-L2 is damaged, following compression of T12-L1 and L1-L2, where will there be sensory loss?

A

around the hip - front and back

24
Q

If nerve root L2-L3 is damaged, following compression of L2-L3, L3-4, what movements will be weak?

A

adduction of thigh
knee extension
“waddling gait”

25
Q

If nerve root L2-L3 is damaged, following compression of L2-L3, L3-4, what reflex will be affected?

A

patellar knee jerk

26
Q

If nerve root L2-L3 is damaged, following compression of L2-L3, L3-4, where will there be sensory loss?

A

around hip

anterior and medial thigh

27
Q

If nerve root L4 is damaged, following compression of L3-L4, what muscles will be weak? What movement?

A

Tibialis anterior
tibialis posterior

Foot inversion

28
Q

If nerve root L4 is damaged, following compression of L3-L4,what reflex will be affected?

A

none

29
Q

If nerve root L4 is damaged, following compression of L3-L4, where will there be sensory loss?

A

medial leg

lateral and anterior thigh

30
Q

If nerve root L5 is damaged, following compression of L4-L5, what movements will be affected?

A

foot dorsi flexion
hip abduction
heel walk
“ trendelenberg sign “

31
Q

If nerve root L5 is damaged, following compression of L4-L5, what reflexes will be affected?

A

none

32
Q

If nerve root L5 is damaged, following compression of L4-L5, where will there be sensory loss?

A

dorsum and sole of foot

lateral leg

33
Q

If S1 is damaged due to compression of L5-S1, what movements will be affected?

A

foot plantar flexion

tip-toe walk

34
Q

If S1 is damaged due to compression of L5-S1, what reflexes will be affected?

A

achilles tendon - ankle jerk

35
Q

If S1 is damaged due to compression of L5-S1, where will there be sensory loss?

A

lateral foot
small toe
plantar surface surface of foot (sole)

neuroanatomy (23 decks)

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