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neuroanatomy > Section 4, Part 1 > Flashcards

Section 4, Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the role of descending nerve tracts?

A

They carry information from the brain to influence motor neurons either directly or indirectly (though interneurons)

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2
Q

What are mixed spinal nerves?

A

Axons from sensory and motor roots that fuse to form a single unit

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3
Q

How many spinal nerves are there?

A

31 pairs

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4
Q

What are mixed spinal nerves made of?

A

Motor axons (innervate particular skeletal muscles concerned with movements of the neck, trunk, back, and limbs) and sensory axons(innervate a corresponding region of skin and muscle)

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5
Q

What are nerve plexuses?

A

Spinal nervs that use together and intermingle

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6
Q

What is a dermatome?

A

The sensory region of skin innervated by an individual nerve root

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7
Q

What is a myotome?

A

The muscles that receive their motor innervation from a given spinal nerve

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8
Q

Does a particular skeletal muscle receive its innervation from multiple peripheral nerves or a single peripheral nerve?

A

A single peripheral nerve

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9
Q

What comprises the peripheral spinal nerves that innervate skeletal muscles?

A

Axons from more than 1 spinal segment and its corresponding spinal nerve

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10
Q

Are the ventral rami of the thoracic spinal nerves part of a plexus?

A

No, they remain as individual nerves

EXCEPTION: T1 and T2

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11
Q

What do the intercostal nerves innervate?

A

They innervate the skin and muscles of the thoracic and abdominal walls

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12
Q

What are the 4 plexi?

A

Cervical, brachial, lumbar, sacral

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13
Q

What are the spinal nerves of the cervical plexus?

A

C1-C4

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14
Q

What is the role of the cervical plexus?

A

Innervation of the skin (sensation) and muscles associate with the neck

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15
Q

What are the spinal nerves of the brachial plexus?

A

C5-T1

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16
Q

What is the role of the brachial plexus?

A

Innervation of the skin and muscles acting on the upper limb

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17
Q

What are the spinal nerves of the lumbar plexus?

A

L1-L4

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18
Q

What is the role of the lumbar plexus?

A

Innervation of the skin and muscles of the lower abdominal wall in the inguinal region and the anterior and medial compartments of the thigh

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19
Q

What are the spinal nerves of the sacral plexus?

A

L4-S4

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20
Q

What is the role of the sacral plexus?

A

Innervation of the skin and muscles of the gluteal region, posterior compartment of the thigh and all of the leg and foot

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21
Q

What is a spinal segment?

A

The region of the spinal cord from which a specific spinal nerve projecs

22
Q

How many spinal segments are there?

A

31

23
Q

Is a spinal segment the same thing as the vertebral level?

A

No, it is not…the vertebral level is a physical landmark used to describe the location of structures

24
Q

For which spinal levels does the spinal level correspond with the vertebral level?

A

Cervical

25
Q

Where are the spinal segments of the lumbar and sacral segments located (which vertebral level)?

A

10th-12th thoracic vertebral level

26
Q

What is the term of the dorsal and ventral roots below the level of the spinal cord?

A

Cauda equina

27
Q

True or False:

The extent of muscle damage and/ or loss of function cannot determine the site of damage

A

FALSE:

The extent of muscle damage and/ or loss of function CAN determine the site of damage

28
Q

These loss of functions are associated with which nerve?

Extend arm, wrist, finger joints, supinate forearm, abduct thumb in the plane of the palm

A

Radial nerve

29
Q

These loss of functions are associated with which nerve?

Flex and oppose thumb, flex digits 2 and 3, flex or abduct wrist (“ape hand”), pronate forearm

A

Median

30
Q

These loss of functions are associated with which nerve?

Adduct and abduct fingers other than thumb, adduct thumb, flex digits 4 and 5(“Claw hand”), flex and adduct wrist

A

Ulnar

31
Q

These loss of functions are associated with which nerve?

Abduct arm at shoulder beyond 15 degrees

A

Axillary

32
Q

These loss of functions are associated with which nerve?

Flex arm at elbow, supinate forearm

A

Musculocutaneous

33
Q

These loss of sensations are associated with which nerve?

Posterior lateral arm, posterior strip on the forearm, dorsal surface of the thumb,lateral surface (thumb side) of the hand, and dorsum of the first 3 digits?

A

Radial

34
Q

These loss of sensations are associated with which nerve?

Lateral palm, ventral thumb and digits 2 and 3, dorsal tip of the thumb and digits 2 and 3

A

Median

35
Q

These loss of sensations are associated with which nerve?

Medial palm, all of the 5th digit and the medial side of the 4th digit

A

Ulnar

36
Q

These loss of sensations are associated with which nerve?

Spot of the lateral arm over the deltoid

A

Axillary

37
Q

These loss of sensations are associated with which nerve?

Lateral Forearm

A

Musculocutaneous

38
Q

These loss of sensations are associated with which nerve?

Portion of anterior thigh, knee, and medial leg

A

Femoral

39
Q

These loss of sensations are associated with which nerve?

Spot on medial thigh

A

Obturator

40
Q

These loss of sensations are associated with which nerve?

Lateral leg and most of foot

A

Sciatic

41
Q

These loss of sensations are associated with which nerve?

Bottom of foot and toes, lateral edge dorsum foot and top of toes 2-5

A

Tibial

42
Q

These loss of sensations are associated with which nerve?

Dorso-lateral leg, most of dorsal foot

A

Superior fibular

43
Q

These loss of sensations are associated with which nerve?

Spot between big and 2nd toe

A

Deep fibular

44
Q

These loss of functions are associated with which nerve?

Flex leg at hip, extend knee

A

Femoral

45
Q

These loss of functions are associated with which nerve?

Adduct thigh

A

Obturator

46
Q

These loss of functions are associated with which nerve?

Flex knee/ extend hip

A

Sciatic

47
Q

These loss of functions are associated with which nerve?

Plantar flex or invert foot, flex toes

A

Tibial

48
Q

These loss of functions are associated with which nerve?

Evert foot

A

Superficial fibular

49
Q

These loss of functions are associated with which nerve?

Dorsiflex foot, extend toes (dorsiflexion)

A

Deep fibular

50
Q

What are the two major branches of the sciatic nerve?

A

Tibial and common fibular nerve

51
Q

What are peripheral mononeuropathies?

A

Injuries to an individual peripheral nerve arising directly from the plexus

52
Q

What are plexopathies?

A

Plexus lesions that produce more extensive but still restricted distribution of symptoms related to the innervation of the components of the plexus that are damaged

neuroanatomy (23 decks)

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