scientific process Flashcards
what is the aim
reasonable idea on what your trying to achieve “to investigate”
what is the hypothesis
statement that predicts what we expect to find
difference between directional and non-directional hypothesis
directional predicts an increase or decrease whereas non-directional simply states there was a change
what is the independent variable
variable that is made to change
what is the dependant variable
what we’re measuring
what is operationalisation of variables
putting variables in situation to be measured better
what is extraneous variables
those that might/could affect what you are trying to measure
what are confounding variables
those that will definitely interfere or influence DV
what are situational variables
stem from aspects of the environment e.g weather noise
what are participant variables
stem from the ways participants vary from one another e.g gender IQ age
what are demand characteristics
pps try to work out what’s going on leading to them changing behaviour adding bias to study
what are investigator effects
any effect of investigators behaviour conscious or unconscious this could be stern tone discouraging pps
what is a single blind procedure
involves pps having no clue what condition of study they are in reducing demand characteristics
what is a double blind procedure
neither pps or researcher knows condition pps are in reducing both demand characteristics and investigator effects
what is randomisation
attempt to reduce the researchers influence on studies design by randomising e.g shuffling cards so researcher didn’t create the order
