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Grade 10 1Q > SCIENCE - WEEK 1 > Flashcards

SCIENCE - WEEK 1 Flashcards

1
Q

3rd planet from the sun

A

Earth

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2
Q

radius of Earth

A

3959 miles / 6,371 km

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3
Q

5th largest planet in the Solar System

A

Earth

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4
Q

only planet known to have liquidwater on its surface

A

Earth

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5
Q

not named after a Roman deity, instead named “earth” which is Germanic for:

A

ground

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6
Q

time it takes the Earth to revolve around the sun

A

365.25 days

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7
Q

Earth’s distance from the Sun

A

93 million miles

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8
Q

time it takes the Earth to rotate in it’s axis

A

23.9 hours

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9
Q
  • composed of the crust and the upper mantle
  • rigid and breaks under stress
  • broken into large and small tectonic plates
A

lithosphere

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10
Q

outermost layer of the Earth

A

crust

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11
Q

two types of crusts

A

continental crust and oceanic crust

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12
Q

thickness of CONTINENTAL crust

A

40-70 km

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13
Q

composition of CONTINENTAL crust

A

granitic rock, aluminum silicates

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14
Q

thickness of OCEANIC crust

A

7-10 km

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15
Q

composition of OCEANIC crust

A

basaltic rocks, magnesium silicates

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16
Q

semisolid, rocky, and very hot layer below the crust, the thickest layer

A

mantle

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17
Q

thickness of the mantle

A

2900 km

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18
Q

composition of the mantle

A

ferromagnesium silicates

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19
Q

temp. of upper mantle

A

900 C

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20
Q

temp. of lower mantle

A

1000 C - 3700 C

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21
Q

contains hot, molten rocks or magma

A

asthenosphere

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22
Q

can deform & reshape as a result of the hot, molten mantle, which circulates as convection current.

A

asthenosphere

23
Q

rising, cooling, and sinking of magma, generates earthquakes

A

convection current

24
Q

only liquid layer of the Earth

A

outer core

25
Q

composition of the outer core

A

liquid nickel and iron

26
Q

temp of the outer core

A

3700 C - 4300 C

27
Q

thickness of outer core

A

2270 km

28
Q

solid iron

A

inner core

29
Q

temp of inner core

A

6000 C

30
Q

thickness of inner core

A

1220 km

31
Q

boundary between crust and upper mantle

A

Mohorovicic Discontinuity

32
Q

boundary between lower mantle and outer core

A

Gutenberg Discontinuity

33
Q

boundary between outer core and inner core

A

Lehmann Discontinuity

34
Q

waves inside earth

A

body waves

35
Q

waves that can pass through solid, liquid, and gas

A

primary waves

36
Q

cannot pass through liquid waves

A

secondary waves

37
Q

comes from the Greek word “tekton” meaning builder

A

plate tectonics

38
Q

are massive, irregular slab of solid rocks that envelop the surface of the Earth.

A

plate tectonics

39
Q

explains the structure of Earth’s crust due to many phenomena

A

Plate Tectonic Theory

40
Q

author of the Plate Tectonic Theory

A

Abraham Ortelius

41
Q

author of the Continental Drift Theory

A

Alfred Wegener

42
Q

80% of earthquakes occur along the boundary of this plate

A

Pacific Plate

43
Q

country located above the Mid-Atlantic Range

A

Iceland

44
Q

volcanic island but not located on plate boundary, instead uses hotspots

A

Hawaii

45
Q

destructive plate boundary

A

Convergent Plate Boundary

46
Q

the third basic type of landforms that rise high above the surrounding land, forms when two continental plates collide

A

Mountains

47
Q

are formed when the crust is pushed up by forces from Earth’s interior

A

Upwarded Mountain

47
Q

with folded rock layers looking like a rag that has been pushed up

A

Folded Mountain

48
Q

are made of big blocks of rocks that are tilted and separated from surrounding rocks by faults

A

Fault-Block Mountain

49
Q

What are the 7 primary plates?

A

Eurasian Plate
African Plate
Australian Plate
Antarctic Plate
South American Plate
North American Plate
Pacific Plate

50
Q

What are the 8 secondary plates?

A

Indian Plate
Arabian Plate
Scotia Plate
Caribbean Plate
Cocos Plate
Nazca Plate
Juan de Fuca Plate
Philippine Plate

51
Q

What theory says that earth is linked to a grape that contracted into raisin due to a cooling process that occured after the bigbang, by Eduard Suess, and Australian geologist?

A

Raisin Theory or Contraction Theory

52
Q

author of “Theatrum Orbis Terrarum”

A

Abraham Ortelius

53
Q

author of “The Origins of Continents and Oceans”

A

Alfred Wegener

Grade 10 1Q (25 decks)

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