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Study Group > Science - States of matter > Flashcards

Science - States of matter Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 states of matter

A

Solid, Liquid and Gas

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2
Q

Tell me the properties of a Solid

A

keep their shape, cannot flow, difficult to compress

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3
Q

Tell me the properties of a Liquid

A

keep their volume, take shape of container, difficult to compress

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4
Q

Tell me the properties of a Gas

A

change shape, spread out in all directions, easy to compress

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5
Q

What is diffusion

A

When gases or liquids mix without anything moving them, because particles move
around all the time

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6
Q

What is expansion

A

When materials expand (take bigger volume) when heated, because the particles vibrate more violently

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7
Q

What is contracting

A

When materials contract (take smaller volume) when cooled, because particles move
slower

P.S. The exception is water: water expands when frozen

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8
Q

What is Density

A

Density is the mass divided by the volume
When a material contracts, its density increases
When a material expands, its density decreases

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9
Q

Why do materials contract

A

Materials contract because particles move Slower

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10
Q

What does diffusion cause

A

Diffusion causes fluids to mix constantly

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11
Q

Are gases easy to compress

A

Gases are easy to compress

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12
Q

Are Solids easy to compress

A

No (You Can’t)

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13
Q

Are Liquids easy to compress

A

No (You can’t)

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14
Q

How do you calculate density

A

By dividing the mass of an object with its volume

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15
Q

What do we use to measure mass

A

We use an electronic balance to measure mass.

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16
Q

What are particles held together by

A

Particles are held together by forces, called bonds

17
Q

Why is energy needed when solid changes to liquid

A

• When solid changes to liquid, energy is needed to break these bonds

18
Q

what type of change is melting, freezing and evaporating?

A

• Melting, freezing, condensing etc. are physical changes

19
Q

Why do solids expand when heated?

A

• Solids expand when heated – the particles vibrate more

20
Q

How much is atmospheric pressure? (In pascal)

A

100,000 pascal

21
Q

Why do we not feel the pressure of the air particles hitting our body?

A

• We do not feel the pressure, because the fluid inside our bodies exert pressure from inside.

22
Q

The higher you go, the LOWER or HIGHER the pressure?

A

Lower

23
Q

The Lower you go, the LOWER or HIGHER the pressure?

A

Higher

24
Q

What are gases and liquids also known as?

A

Fluids

25
Q

How do objects float

A

• When the two forces, upthrust and weight balance, the object floats

26
Q

What is the density of water

A

• The density of water is 1g/cm3

27
Q

What are the 2 factors effecting upthrust

A

• The factors affecting upthrust are density and depth of the liquid

28
Q

Why do hot air balloons fly

A

• Hot air balloons fly because the overall density of the whole balloon is less than the air around it (balloon is very big)

29
Q

Where does convection take place

A

• Convection takes place in fluids (liquids and gases).

30
Q

Why do particles turn less dense when heated

A

• When part of a fluid is heated, the particles spread further apart and the fluid becomes less dense.

31
Q

What are other names for drag

A

• Water resistance and air resistance are called drag

32
Q

What is drag caused by

A

• Drag is caused by moving objects that are pushing particles out of the way

33
Q

What objects have higher drag and what objects dont?

A

• Smooth objects have less drag while rough objects have more drag

34
Q

What are streamlined objects shaped to have

A

• Streamlined objects are shaped to reduce drag. They have a smaller front area.

35
Q

What does a smooth object moving at a steady speed have

A

• An object moving at a steady speed, has balanced forces

36
Q

What will the force from the engine balance

A

• The force from the engine will balance drag and friction

37
Q

What causes more drag

A

• The faster the object moves, the more the drag

Study Group (26 decks)

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