ICT - 1.1-2.3 Units Flashcards
Define Hardware
Hardware are the actual components of a computer; each piece of hardware has its own job (task) to do. Internal or external hardware components are used.
Define CPU
the ‘brain’ of the computer, this unit performs calculations to complete software instructions.
Define Memory
Data or instructions that will be executed by the CPU must be stored in main memory.
Define Graphics Video Card
a device that connects to the motherboard and enables the computer to process and display graphics
Define Sound Card
A sound card is a device that connects to the motherboard and allows the PC to process and deliver sound.
Define Internal Hard Disk
It is a device that saves information such as software and files. The hard disk capacity ranges from TB to GB.
Define Network Card
provides a network link to the PC, either via wireless signals or a physical cable connection
Define Optical Disk Drive
a device that allows optical disks to run on a PC.
Define Power Supply
connected to power source to provide power to the computer The power supply connects all of the essential components of the computer so that it can run.
What are some Input Hardware Devices Examples?
Mouse, Keyboard, Microphone
What are some Output Hardware Devices Examples?
Monitor, Printer, Speaker
What are some External Storage devices examples?
USB, SD Card, etc.
What is an Application Software?
It is intended to allow users to perform specified tasks. Writing a letter/presentation, accessing the internet, editing data in a spreadsheet, and altering graphics, video, and sound are all examples of this. Word processing, spreadsheets, and databases are examples of application software.
What is System Software?
The software that enables the PC to function. Examples include operating systems (Windows, Linux, and so on), device drivers, and utility software.
What are some Application software examples?
Word Processor, Spreadsheets, Databases.
What are some System Software Examples?
OS, Device Drivers, Utilities.
What does the CPU do?
The CPU is the PC’s brain; it is responsible for all sorting, calculating, and decision making. The CPU’s speed is measured in gigahertz.
What is the Main Memory for?
Apps are placed in Secondary Storage. Apps’ temporary data is stored in main memory. The CPU will initially look in the cache for the needed data so that it may be processed. If the data is not in cache, the CPU will check the RAM and send the data to the CPU.
What is cache?
The quickest type of memory. It is located between the CPU and RAM and stores frequently used data. The cache will also transport the next set of data from RAM into cache so that it may be processed by the CPU.
What is RAM?
RAM stands for Random Access Memory. It is in charge of temporarily storing instructions for things that are running on the PC while the data is being processed by the CPU. Because RAM is volatile, data is lost every time the computer is shut down.
What is ROM?
ROM stands for Read Only Memory. It has fixed memory that cannot be modified. The boot up instructions for the PC are stored in ROM. Because ROM is non-volatile, the data is retained even if the computer is shut off.
What are Input and Output devices for?
To allow data to be inputted or outputted, devices must be connected. These devices are known as “Peripherals.” They are classified as “input,” “storage,” and “output” devices.
Input devices are devices that allow data to be entered into a computer. Output devices are devices that receive data from the PC.
What are storage devices for?
Secondary storage is used as backup storage. Because it is non-volatile, data is not lost when the computer is turned off. Backing storage is used to store data for an extended period of time. Users may also choose to make backup copies of original files.
What are 3 OS Functions?
- Provides security and prevents unauthorized system access.
- Enables users to execute, load, and save programs.
- Enables user interaction with computers via a user interface.
- Helps in the saving, organizing, finding, and deletion of files.
- Manages devices for input, output, and storage.
- Controls what is loaded and removed from memory.
What is User Interface (GUI)?
It is a graphic-based user interface.
- Windows - information display area
- Menus - a list of options or apps from which users can choose
- Icons - little pictures that symbolize - folders/files or apps
- Pointers are used to select and open files/applications.
What is Post GUI?
Touch screens are enabled by the GUI. It also supports pinching, scrolling, and expanding.
What is CLI (Command Line Interface)?
To interact with the PC, the user must enter commands. Because CLI is more difficult, it is typically utilized by specialists. CLI is also not limited.
What is a Laptop Computer?
It refers to a PC that has all of its components on a single device. The main advantage of a laptop is that it is portable and can connect to network connections wirelessly.
What are Computer Tablets?
Identical to smartphones. They have a wireless internet connection that includes 3G/4G. Touch screen technology is used in tablets to pick options from a menu or icons. Apps are available for download and installation. Speech recognition is one of the sensors.
What are cell phones?
It can make phone calls and send messages via a mobile network using typical ways. They have an operating system that allows them to execute numerous programs at the same time.
What are advantages and disadvantages of a desktop computer?
Advantages:
1) Always connected to a power source
2) It is easily upgradeable.
Disadvantages:
1) Not portable
2) Loose cables that could cause someone to trip and get hurt
What are advantages and disadvantages of laptop computer?
Advantages:
1) Portability
2) Wireless connectivity
Disadvantages:
1) Limited battery life
2) It is possible that it will be stolen or lost.
What are advantages and disadvantages of tablet computer?
Advantages:
1) Anti-glare high-definition display
2) Data can be saved or synced.
Disadvantages:
1) Poor memory
2) Typing can be challenging.
What are advantages and disadvantages of cell phone?
Advantages:
1) Small size
2) Use of touch screen technologies
Disadvantages:
1) The small screen makes it difficult to read.
2) It is possible that it will be misplaced or stolen.