Science C4 Flashcards
aperture
the opening in a lens through which light passes to enter the camera; opens to different sizes to allow more or less light to enter the lens.
camera eye
The ability to record or recall detailed impressions of what one sees with photographic accuracy.
charge-coupled device (CCD)
the sensor used in digital cameras instead of film, used for serious astronomy; an electron device used for data acquisition; composed of many tine pixels, each of which records a buildup of charge to measure the amount of light striking it.
ciliary muscle
a ring of smooth muscle in the eye’s middle layer that adjusts the shape of the lens to allow for focusing objects at various distances on the retina
compound eye
- mostly in insects; use many small vision units called ommatidium. A tiny lens sits at the outside end of one end, touching a cone that directs light to the receptors within the tube walls.
cones
-cones detect colour
-Cones can’t function in low light, so all you can see are shades of grey.
Humans have three types of cones, Birds have five different types of cones
Nocturnal animals have MORE rods than cones in their retinas.
Remember: Rods = light, Cones = colour & detail
cornea
the transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris and pupil; helps refract light
diaphragm
a device for varying the effective aperture of the lens in a camera or other optical system.
far-sightedness
Farsightedness - cannot see close objects clearly
- lens is unable to refract light enough to focus on the retina
- image falls behind the retina
- corrected by converging (convex) lenses
film
When light strikes the film, the film changes chemically, forming an image.
iris
band of muscle in the eye that controls the size of the pupil and the amount of light entering the eye (similar to the diaphragm of a camera)
lens
Lens (eye): a transparent biconvex structure in the eye that helps to refract light to be focused on the retina
Lens (1): a transparent biconvex glass lens that refracts light
near-sightedness
Nearsightedness - cannot see distant objects clearly
- lens refracts light too much
- image falls in front of the retina
- corrected by diverging (concave) lenses
nocturnal
Nocturnal Animal Eyes - animals are awake at night.
-The eyes of nocturnal vertebrates allow them to collect as much light as possible in 3 main ways:
Pupil size
Tapetum Lucidum
More Rods
Nocturnal animals have MORE rods than cones in their retinas.
optic nerve
nerve that leads from the retina to the brain
- the optic nerve connects to the retina; this creates a blind-spot