Science B1 Flashcards
Characteristics of living things
- all are made of cells -living things grow and develop
- living things need energy -they reproduce
- respond to environment -have adaptations for environment
basic unit of life: cells
can perform all the processes that life depends on (unicellular- one cell. multi-cellular- multiple cells. non-living things are not made of cells unless alive at one time)
basic unit of life: energy
ability to make things move or change (plants use energy from sun (photosynthesis) animals get own food) Nutrients=substances that provide the
energy that organisms need to grow, develop, reproduce.
metabolism
An organisms metabolism is the sum of all the different processes that happen within it
what are the basic units of life
cells, energy, responding to environment, growth and development, reproduction, adaptations
what is a stimulus
stimulus is anything that causes a response in an organism. (Jumping out of the way of the car is a reaction, or response, to a stimulus.)
growth and development and examples
Growth is not just about getting bigger-> involves a change in structure. ex; Your skin keeps replacing itself
as it gets worn away. When you plant a seed, it grows roots and produces a stem and leaves. A snake replaces
its skin all the time
adaptation (structural and behavioral)
-An adaptation is a characteristic that allows an organism to live in its environment. Structural – in which organisms have a structural feature that is a part of them that enables them to survive. (fur on bear or gills on fish) Behavioral – is an action the organism does to survive. For example, bird calls and migration are behavioral adaptations.
spontaneous generation and example and what is it
Francesco Redi disproved spontaneous generation for large organisms by showing that maggots arose from meat only when flies laid eggs in the meat. spontaneous generation- the supposed production of living organisms from nonliving matter, as inferred from the apparent appearance of life in some supposedly sterile environments.
reproduction and importance
reproduction- All living things come from other living things. Reproduction isn’t necessary for an organism to survive. Since all individual organisms die, reproduction is necessary for the survival of each type of organism.
similar functions of different structures
different plants and animals have developed different structures for doing similar functions.
functions and main organs in the circulation system
-transport oxygen, food,wastes to other organs for elimination and other substances
throughout the body
• defend the body against diseases
heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, blood
functions and main organs in the respiratory system
-transport oxygen in from air, carbon dioxide out from the nose to mouth to trachea (wind pipe), diaphragm, bronchi, lungs
functions and main organs in the digestive system
Salivary glands, Mouth, esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, gall bladder, small intestine to large intestine
-break down food into smaller pieces so they can be absorbed and transported
functions and main organs in the nervous system
- controls body. detects and responds to inside and outside stimuli
- brain, spinal cord, nerves, eyes, ears, and other sensing organs (hands, nose, etc.)
