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STS > SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE ANCIENT TIMES > Flashcards

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE ANCIENT TIMES Flashcards

1
Q

_____ was the southernmost region of ancient Mesopotamia (modern day Iraq and Kuwait).

A

Sumer

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2
Q

The cradle of the world’s earliest known civilization and was first established in the region about 3600 BC.

A

Sumer

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3
Q

Known as the “first cities” in the world.

A

Sumer

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4
Q

Transformed families into tribes which became cities and were later called the states.

A

Sumer

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5
Q

is the first writing system, developed around 3100 BC.

A

Cuneiform

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6
Q

pictographs and drawings representing actual things were its basis

A

Cuneifrom writing

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7
Q

Cuneiform

A

SUMERIAN CIVILIZATION

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8
Q

contains the Sumerian historical information and culture. It began as record keeping for trade and evolved for writing down laws and stories.

A

Sumerian clay tablet

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9
Q

The concept of the wheel

A

SUMERIAN CIVILIZATION

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10
Q

The __________ were among the first astronomers, mapping the movement of stars, planets and the moon into sets of constellations,
many of which were recognized by the ancient
Greeks.

A

Sumerians

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11
Q

They built the foundation of logic, mathematics, engineering, architecture, agriculture, transportation and medicine.

A

Sumerians

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12
Q

Sailboat

A

Sumerians

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13
Q

_______ system of counting in units of 60 which served as the basis of 360 degree circle and 60 minute hour.

A

Sexagesimal

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14
Q

Sexagesimal system of counting

A

Sumerians

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15
Q

Developed systemized technique of farming:
seed plow and irrigation.

A

Sumerians

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16
Q

Wool from sheep made into the textiles, mastered the arts of bleaching and dyeing.

A

Sumerians

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17
Q

______ was the ancient region bordering the Tigris and Euphrates river (Iraq).

A

Babylonia

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18
Q

The capital is _____, and served as commercial and religious center in the Tigris-Euphrates valley.

A

Babylon

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19
Q

________________–was the first leader of the Babylonian Empire, promulgating the famous law code that served as rule and standards which helped maintain a period of stability in the region.

A

Hammurabi (1792-1750 BC)

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20
Q

_____________ was the Neo Babylonian Emperor who ordered the construction of the “Hanging Gardens of Babylon” (one of the seven wonders of the world) and Isthar Gate.

A

Nebuchadnezzar II

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21
Q

Hanging Gardens

A

Babylonia

22
Q

Hammurabi

A

Babylonia

23
Q

Contributed to the development of science and technology such as: irrigation, a system of canals flanked by earthen dikes; system of
bookkeeping, double entry accounting, multiplication and division tables and calculations using geometry.

A

Babylonia

24
Q

Adopted the Sumerian sexagesimal system; made accurate predictions of astronomical phenomena like solar and lunar eclipses.

A

Babylonia

25
Q

Situated in the northeastern part of the African continent

A

EGYPTIAN CIVILIZATION

26
Q

is located along the Nile River
which provided a fertile delta.

A

Egypt

27
Q

gave life to the civilization of Egypt. The early settlers were nomadic animal hunters, who soon changed their lifestyles to be farmland settlers.

A

Nile River

28
Q

_______ learned to heat metal ore (copper, gold, and bronze) and made weapons and utensils.

A

Ancient Egyptians

29
Q

They may have been the first people to make glass. They learned to heat sand in a hot furnace and blow the molten sand into glass.

A

Egyptians

30
Q

They wrote with ink and brushes on paper made of papyrus reels; their writing was pictorial symbols known as hieroglyphics.

A

Egyptians

31
Q

Their knowledge of human anatomy, physiology, surgery and medical plants enabled them to embalm their dead.

A

Egyptians

32
Q

Created the calendar based on the phases of the moon, consisting of 29 1⁄2 days.

A

Egyptians

33
Q

Interest in astronomy focused on the stars. The early calendar was based on the appearance of Sirius, the brightest in their horizon which coincided with the annual rise and fall of the Nile River. This helped them predict the annual flooding on the Nile River.

A

Egyptians

34
Q

still stand today as evidence of the Egyptians’ scientific expertise and technical skills in geometry, engineering, architecture and labor management.

A

Pyramids

35
Q

Iconic monuments include Giza Necropolis (oldest of the ancient wonders and only one still in existence) and its Great Sphyinx, Ruins of Memphis and and the Valley of Kings.

A

Egyptians

36
Q

Located on the island of Crete and other Aegean islands such as Santorini, flourished on 2600 to 1400 BC. it was rediscovered in the 20th century through the work of British archaeologist Athur
Evans.

A

CRETAN (MINOAN) CIVILIZATION

37
Q

CRETAN CIVILIZATION also known as

A

MINOAN CIVILIZATION

38
Q

“The first link in the European chain.” - Will Durant

A

CRETAN (MINOAN) CIVILIZATION

39
Q

CRETAN (MINOAN) CIVILIZATION is ruled by

A

King Minos

40
Q

CRETAN (MINOAN) CIVILIZATION Capital

A

Knossos

41
Q

They were an Aegean Bronze Age civilization,
ruled by King Minos.

A

CRETAN (MINOAN) CIVILIZATION

42
Q

is located between Turkey, Egypt, and Greece

A

Crete

43
Q

______ were mercantile people engaged in overseas trade.

A

Cretans/ Minoans

44
Q

Many historians believe they were involved in the Bronze Age’s important tin trade: tin, alloyed with copper apparently was from Cyprus.

A

Cretans/ Minoans

45
Q

became the central exporter of wine, oil, jewelry, and highly crafted works. They become importers of raw materials and food.

A

Crete

46
Q

They built the first major navy ship in the world in which its main purpose was trade, not war.

A

Cretans/ Minoans

47
Q

made carved statues, ceramics, frescoes, jewels, and inscriptions. These showed their knowledge in mathematics, engineering, and architecture.

A

Cretans/ Minoans

48
Q
A

Cretans/ Minoans

49
Q
A

Cretans/ Minoans

50
Q

cities were connected with stone-paved roads, formed from blocks cut with bronze saws. Streets were with good drainage and sewer facilities.

A

Minoan Cities

51
Q

Around 1600 BC, _______ was shaken by a violent earthquake. Sometime later, the ______ eruption occurred - it was one of the largest in human history, blasting more than 10 million tons of ash, gas and rock 25 miles into the atmosphere.

A

Akrotiri/ Theran

STS (21 decks)

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