FINALS: LESSON 11 - Climate Change

Question 1

A change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns when that change lasts for an extended period of time.

Answer 1

Climate change

Question 2

Effects of climate change

Answer 2

Glaciers have shrunk
Plant and animal ranges have shifted
Trees are flowering sooner
Global temperature rise
More intense heat waves
Water acidification
And extreme events

Question 3

One manifestation of climate change

Answer 3

GLOBAL WARMING

Question 4

Refers to the increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s near-surface air and oceans in recent decades and its projected continuation

Answer 4

GLOBAL WARMING

Question 5

Refers to recent warming and implies a human influence

Answer 5

GLOBAL WARMING

Question 6

CAUSES OF CLIMATE CHANGE

Answer 6

Mining
Wrong practices in agriculture (like burning of crop)
Illegal logging
Burning of fossil fuel
Deforestation
Too much car that emits carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide
And producing industrial waste

Question 7

THE GREENHOUSE GASES

Answer 7

Water vapor (H2O)
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Ozone (O3)
Methane (CH4), and Chlorofluorocarbon (CFCs)

Question 8

Effects of greenhouse gases

Answer 8

They allow light, infrared radiation, and some ultraviolet radiation from the sun to pass through the troposphere.

Question 9

Small amounts of heat trapping gasses play a key role in determining the Earth’s average temperature and thus its climates.

Answer 9

greenhouse gases

Question 10

Greenhouse Effect: Natural trapping of heat in the ________

Answer 10

troposphere

Question 11

Greenhouse Effect
: First proposed by Swedish chemist ___________ in 1896, has been confirmed by numerous laboratory experiments and atmospheric measurements.

Answer 11

Svante Arrhenius

Question 12

Greenhouse effect: the earth would be a cold and lifeless planet with an average surface temperature of _____

Answer 12

-18℃

Question 13

Greenhouse effect is caused by human activities:

Answer 13

burning fossil fuels, agriculture, deforestation, and use of CFCs.

Question 14

Carbon dioxide is responsible for _____% of the global warming from greenhouse gases produced by human activities since pre-industrial times.

Answer 14

50-60

Question 15

The main sources are fossil fuel burning: coal, oil, and natural gas (How much percent?)

Answer 15

75%

Question 16

land clearing and burning (How much percent?)

Answer 16

25%

Question 17

is nevertheless the main driver of the greenhouse effect.

Answer 17

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Question 18

Because of this, the layer of greenhouse gas is getting thicker, which is, in turn, making the Earth warmer.

Answer 18

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Question 19

contribute to global warming in the troposphere and deplete ozone in the stratosphere.

Answer 19

Chlorofluorocarbon

Question 20

The main sourcesof CFCs are

Answer 20

leaking air conditioners and refrigerators, and evaporation of industrial solvents.

Question 21

is produced when anaerobic bacteria break down organic matter in moist places that lack oxygen.

Answer 21

methane

Question 22

Methane concentration: moist places that lack oxygen includes

Answer 22

swamps and other natural wetlands, rice paddies and landfills, intestinal tract of cattle, sheep, and termites.

Question 23

can trap heat in the troposphere and deplete ozone in the stratosphere.

Answer 23

nitrous oxide

Question 24

Nitrous oxide is released from

Answer 24

nylon production, burning of biomass and nitrogen fertilizers in soil, and livestock wastes.

Question 25

IPCC

Answer 25

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

Question 26

the earth’s mean surface temperature will rise _____℃ between 1990 and 2100.

Answer 26

1 - 3.5℃

Question 27

The ___________ should warm more and faster than the southern hemisphere because the latter has more heat absorbing ocean than the land and because water cools more slowly than land.

Answer 27

northern hemisphere

Question 28

SOME POSSIBLE EFFECTS OF A WARM WORLD

Answer 28

Changes in food production; reduced water supplies Change in the makeup and location of many world’s forests Can cause massive wildfires Reduction in biodiversity due to loss of habitat; destroying the coral reefs Water in the oceans would expand and lead to rising in sea level Warming at the poles caused ice sheets and glaciers to melt, the global sea level would rise far more; melting of polar ice caps Weather extremes are expected to increase in number and severity Poses threats to human health, affects the respiratory tract increasing air pollution in winter months Drought Lead to a growing number of environment refugees. Causing social disorder and political instability.

Question 29

HOW CAN WE LOWER DOWN THE POSSIBLE OUTCOME OF GLOBAL WARMING?

Answer 29

cut fossil fuel use in half Improve energy efficiency; switch off the light when not in use Shift to renewable energy resources Reduce deforestation Use sustainable agriculture Slow population growth Remove carbon dioxide from smokestack and vehicle emissions Plant and tend trees; green your community Trim production of industrial waste; encourage practices of 3R’s Full implementation of laws concerning the conservation of the environment and the planet Earth.

Question 30

In the 1922 Earth summit in Rio de Janeiro, _____ nations approved a Convention on Climate Change

Answer 30

106

Question 31

The ___________________________, in which developed countries committed themselves to reducing their emission of CO2 and other greenhouse gases.

Answer 31

Convention on Climate Change

Question 32

In December 1997 representatives of 160 nations met in ________ to negotiate a new treaty to help slow global warming.

Answer 32

Kyoto, Japan

Question 33

The resulting treaty would require developed countries to cut greenhouse emissions by an average of _____ below 1990 levels between 2008-2012

Answer 33

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