Science Flashcards
monday revision
The smallest units of matter that have the properties of an element.
Atom
Substances made of one type of atom.
Element
Substances made of two or more different elements chemically bonded
together.
Compound
An arrangement of elements in the order of their atomic numbers.
Periodic Table
The columns running down the periodic table.
Groups
The rows running across the periodic table
Periods
The mass of an atom, determined by the sum of the protons and neutrons in
the nucleus.
Atomic Mass
A description of how a chemical acts or behaves
Property
A material which allows electricity or heat to pass through it.
Conductor
A quantity which has size only e.g. distance
Scalar
A push, a pull or a twist.
A Force
The unit for force.
Newton
The equipment used to measure the size of the force.
Newtonmeter
A force acting between objects that are physically touching
Contact force
A force acting between objects that are physically separated.
Non-contact force
The force acting on an object because of the pull of gravity. (W = mg)
Weight
The centre of mass is the point at which the mass of a body is thought to be
concentrated.
Centre of Gravity
A force created by large objects pulling other objects towards them .
Gravity between planets
An upward force experienced by an object in water.
Upthrust
The measure of how much energy is transferred when a force moves an
object.
Work done
A single force which can replace all the forces acting on an object and have
the same effect.
Resultant force
An object that has a resultant force of 0 because the forces are equal and in
opposite directions
Balanced force
An object that has a resultant force of more than 0.
Unbalanced force
A vector, it is speed in a particular direction
Velocity
Produces eggs and is where the foetus develops after fertilisation.
Female reproductive
system
Produces sperm to fertilise the eggs
Male reproductive system
The fusing of the nucleus of the male gamete with the nucleus of the female
gamete producing a zygote
Fertilisation
The rows running across the periodic table.
Periods
The mass of an atom, determined by the sum of the protons and neutrons in
the nucleus.
Atomic Mass
A description of how a chemical acts or behaves.
Property
The material can be hammered or pressed into shape without breaking or
cracking.
Malleable
The female gamete which is also known as an egg.
Ova
The glands where sperm (male gamete )and the hormone testosterone are
produced.
Testes
A muscular tube that leads from the cervix to the outside of the body;where
the penis is placed during intercourse.
Vagina
Connects the ovary to the uterus and is usually the site of fertilisation.
Oviduct
A muscular bag where a foetus develops during pregnancy
Uterus
The material can be stretched out into a wire
Ductile
A quantity which has both size and direction e.g. velocity
Vector
The release of a mature egg during the menstrual cycle
Ovulation
If the egg is not fertilised, the uterus is released; the period.
Menstruation
The developing baby is called this for the first 9 to 10 weeks.
Embryo
The process of change in a child’s body when it matures into an adult
Puberty
When the developing embryo becomes embedded in the uterus lining.
Implantation
Anchors the foetus in the uterus and provides nutrients and oxygen as well as
supporting the removal of waste
Placenta
Surrounds and protects the foetus in the uterus
Amniotic fluid
Flexible tube connecting the foetus to the placenta
Umbilical cord
The dense centre of the atom which consists of protons and neutrons
Atomic Nucleus
Negatively charged subatomic particles which orbit the nucleus of the atom.
Electrons
A positively charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of the atom
Proton
A subatomic particle with no charge found in the nucleus of the atom.
Neutron
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. (number of protons =
number of electrons).
Atomic number
The sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
Atomic Mass
The arrangement of electrons in shells of an atom
Electronic Structure
An object that has a resultant force of more than 0
Unbalanced force
An idea that explains how or why something happens.
Hypothesis
A statement suggesting what you think will happen in an
experiment/investigation
Prediction
The variable that must be kept constant so that it doesn’t affect the outcome of
the investigation. (variable = something that can change in an experiment)
Control variable
The variable that is changed in an experiment; it is what we are investigating.
(variable = something that can change in an experiment)
Independent variable
The variable that is measured and recorded for each change of the independent
variable. (variable = something that can change in an experiment)
Dependent variable
The identification and evaluation of potential harm caused by something.
Risk assessment
Something that could cause harm.
Hazard
A measure taken in advance to prevent something dangerous from happening.
Precaution
A substance that can dissolve/ burn your skin or other materials
Corrosive
A material that ignites easily.
Flammable
A small adjustable gas burner used in laboratories as a source of heat.
Bunsen burner
A tube with a flat base that has a graduated scale on the side so that you can
measure a volume of liquid.
Measuring cylinder
A flask with a narrow neck which allows reactants to be swirled safely
Conical flask
A glass container with a flat bottom to hold liquids
Beaker
A result that does not fit the expected pattern.
Anomalous result
A graph that represents categorical data in rectangular columns
Bar graph
A graph with points connected by lines to show how something changes in
value
Line graph
What does S.A.L.T. stand
for?
Scale, Axis, Label and Title. We can use this to remember the sequence of
graph plotting.
This is worn to protect us in the lab e.g. safety goggles
Safety equipment
The sum of all values divided by the total number of values (also referred to as
an average).
Mean
This is the simplest unit of a living organism.
A cell
This is a partially permeable barrier and controls what goes in and out of the
cell
Cell membrane
This is a jelly-like substance in cells where chemical reactions occur.
Cytoplasm
This contains DNA and controls the cell.
Nucleus
A sub-cellular structure where respiration takes place to make energy.
Mitochondrion
A sub-cellular structure responsible for protein synthesis
Ribosome
Organelles found in both
animal and plant cells.
Cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus.
Magnification formula
Magnification = size of image / actual size
Cells which have genetic material contained in a nucleus and membrane bound
organelles.
Eukaryotic
Cells which do not have a nucleus nor membrane bound organelles.
Prokaryotic
An object, or group of objects that interact.
A system
A measure of the energy stored in a substance due the vibration and motion of
particles (changes can cause heat to be lost or gained).
A thermal energy store
A measure of the energy stored in a moving object
A kinetic energy store
A measure of the energy stored based on its height above the Earth
A gravitational energy store
The unit used to measure energy
Joules (J)
A measure of the energy stored when a material is stretched or compressed.
Elastic energy store
A measure of the energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds. This
energy is released when a chemical reaction takes place .
Chemical energy store
Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only be transferred from one type
to another
The law of conservation of
energy
A finite resource that cannot be replaced and will run out e.g.: fossil fuels
Non- renewable
A resource that can be replaced as it is used and will not run out e.g. tidal
power
Renewable
The three fossil fuels
Formed millions of years ago: coal, oil and natural gas
Seven renewable energy
resources
Geothermal power, solar power, hydroelectric power, biomass, wind power, tidal
power and wave power can all be used to create electricity.
Something with stored energy that can be released in a useful way.
Energy resource
A substance that can be burned to release energy
Fuels
Used to describe ways in which energy is wasted. The energy has spread out
or heats up the environment.
Dissipated
The three states of matter
Solid (s), liquid (l) and gas (g) are the way particles are arranged.
The process of turning a solid to a liquid when it is heated (particles gain
energy).
Melting
The process of turning a liquid to a gas when it is heated to its boiling point
(particles gain energy
Boiling
The process of turning a liquid to a gas despite being below its boiling point
Evaporation
The process of a gas turning into a liquid when it is cooled (particles lose
energy)
Condensing
Magnification = size of image / actual size
Magnification formula
Cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus.
Organelles found in both
animal and plant cells
Organelles found in both
animal and plant cells
Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only be transferred from one type
to another
Solid (s), liquid (l) and gas (g) are the way particles are arranged.
The three states of matter
